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antidiuretic hormone |
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antidiuretic hormone (ăn'tēdīy  rĕt`ĭk), polypeptide hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland pituitary gland, small oval endocrine gland that lies at the base of the brain . It is sometimes called the master gland of the body because all the other endocrine glands depend on its secretions for stimulation (see endocrine system )...... Click the link for more information. . Its principal action is to regulate the amount of water excreted by the kidneys. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), known also as vasopressin, causes the kidneys to resorb water directly from the renal tubules, thus concentrating the salts and waste products in the liquid, which will eventually become urine. ADH secretion by the pituitary is regulated by neural connections from the hypothalamus, which is believed to monitor either the volume of blood passing through it or the concentration of water in the blood. Dehydration or body stress will raise ADH secretion and water will be retained. Alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. Failure of the pituitary to produce ADH results in diabetes insipidus. In pharmacological doses ADH acts as a vasoconstrictor. The structure and chemical synthesis of ADH was announced (1953) by Nobel laureate Vincent Du Vigneaud and others. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Physuline is an oral vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist drug that has proven effective in patients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), a condition resulting in fluid overload due to the excessive release of antidiuretic hormone. Current views maintain that the role of hormones in the salivary glands--particularly aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone is solely to modify the ionic content of the saliva. This is due to two factors: 1) all such drinks are hypotonic (<135 mmol/L), and therefore will cause dilution of serum [Na+] if water is retained in the body to excess; and 2) it is well known that even administration of isotonic saline will not increase serum [Na+] in hyponatremic patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) because in a euvolemic or hypervolemic state, the infused sodium will be excreted in the urine rather than retained (65). |
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antidiuretic
