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atherosclerosis |
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atherosclerosis (ăth'ərōsklərō`sĭs): see arteriosclerosis arteriosclerosis (ärtĭr'ēōsklərō`sis) ..... Click the link for more information. . atherosclerosisor hardening of the arteriesChronic disease characterized by abnormal thickening of the walls of the arteries due to fatty deposits (atheromas) of cholesterol on the arterial inner walls (seeartery). These thicken, forming plaques that narrow the vessel channel (lumen) and impede blood flow. Scarring and calcification make the walls less elastic, raising blood pressure. Eventually plaques may completely block a lumen, or a blood clot (thrombus) may obstruct a narrowed channel. Atherosclerosis of one or more coronary arteries (also called coronary heart disease) can decrease the heart muscle's blood supply, causing angina pectoris. Complete blockage causes heart attack. In the brain, atherosclerosis may result in stroke. Treatments include drugs that reduce the level of cholesterol and fat in the blood, anticoagulants and other drugs that prevent the formation of blood clots, coronary bypass, and balloon angioplasty. atherosclerosis a degenerative disease of the arteries characterized by patchy thickening of the inner lining of the arterial walls, caused by deposits of fatty material; a form of arteriosclerosis How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| Increased visceral fat is associated with further deposition of fat in the liver and muscle, causing local tissue insulin resistance, as well as a rise in circulating factors that are atherogenic and thrombogenic (eg, free fatty acids, tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] [TNF-[alpha]], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 [PAI-1]), and a decline in factors linked to insulin sensitivity (eg, adiponectin, leptin). A positive correlation of C-reactive protein (CRP) and coronary artery disease, which could be explained by the atherogenic effects of chronic inflammation, is well known (Beck et al. Coronary artery calcification, atherogenic lipid changes, and increased erythrocyte volume in black injection drug users infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 treated with protease inhibitors. |
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