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backward chaining

   Also found in: Wikipedia 0.01 sec.
backward chaining
In AI, a form of reasoning that starts with the conclusion and works backward. The goal is broken into many subgoals or sub-subgoals which can be solved more easily. Known as top-down approach. Contrast with forward chaining.
backward chaining [¦bak·wərd ′chān·iŋ]
(computer science)
In artificial intelligence, a method of reasoning which starts with the problem to be solved and repeatedly breaks this goal into subgoals that are more readily solvable with the relevant data and the system's rules of inference.

(algorithm)backward chaining - An algorithm for proving a goal by recursively breaking it down into sub-goals and trying to prove these until facts are reached. Facts are goals with no sub-goals which are therefore always true. Backward training is the program execution mechanism used by most logic programming language like Prolog.

Opposite: forward chaining.


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Also, ART supports automatic generation of goals and an advantageous form of backward chaining described in Haley's "Backward Chaining" paper2.
The LIFE Program uses task analyses for all tasks that detail the type of instruction (total task presentation, backward chaining, forward chaining, clustering, time delay with whole task instruction, and experiential).
For example, PROLOG employs backward chaining, CLIPS employs forward chaining, and MYCIN uses modus ponens and backward chaining Harmon, P.
 
 
 
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