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brain stem
(redirected from brainstem)

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.14 sec.
brain stem, lower part of the brain brain, the supervisory center of the nervous system in all vertebrates. It also serves as the site of emotions, memory, self-awareness, and thought.

Anatomy and Function


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, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord. The upper segment of the human brain stem, the pons, contains nerve fibers that connect the two halves of the cerebellum cerebellum (sĕr'əbĕl`əm), portion of the brain that coordinates movements of voluntary (skeletal) muscles.
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. It is vital in coordinating movements involving right and left sides of the body. Below the pons and continuous with the spinal cord is the medulla, which transmits ascending and descending nerve fibers between the spinal cord and the brain. The medulla also directly controls many involuntary muscular and glandular activities, including breathing, heart contraction, artery dilation, salivation, vomiting, and probably laughing. The nuclei of some of the nerves that originate in the brain are also located in the brain stem. Nerve fibers in the brain stem do not readily regenerate, hence injury may result in permanent loss of function. See also nervous system nervous system, network of specialized tissue that controls actions and reactions of the body and its adjustment to the environment. Virtually all members of the animal kingdom have at least a rudimentary nervous system.
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While the OTO Tech is carrying out the more basic services and administrative duties, the audiologist is freed to perform more complex services, such as hearing aid fittings, cochlear implant rehabilitation, balance therapy, and auditory brainstem responses.
Histopathologic examination showed severe spongiform changes and a moderate gliosis in the brainstem (Figure 1A, nucleus of the solitary tract), and many other CNS structures.
House Ear Institute's research studies of inner ear cells, hair cell regeneration, cochlear implants and auditory brainstem implants hold great promise.
 
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