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Chauvinism |
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chauvinism (shō`vənĭzəm), word derived from the name of Nicolas Chauvin, a soldier of the First French Empire. Used first for a passionate admiration of Napoleon, it now expresses exaggerated and aggressive nationalism. As a social phenomenon, chauvinism is essentially modern, becoming marked in the era of acute national rivalries and imperialism beginning in the 19th cent. It has been encouraged by mass communication, originally by the cheap newspaper. Chauvinism exalts consciousness of nationality, spreads hatred of minorities and other nations, and is associated with militarism, imperialism, and racism. In the 1960s, the term "male chauvinist" appeared in the women's liberation movement; it is applied to males who refuse to regard females as equals. Chauvinism See also Bigotry, Patriotism. Chauvin, Nicolas soldier who passionately admired Napoleon; whence, ultranationalism. [Fr. Hist.: NCE, 518] treats wife Nora as an inferior being. [Nor. Lit.: A Doll’s House] legendary second-century empress of Japan, victorious invader of Korea and hence the conjectural eponym of jingoism. [Jap. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69] nickname of 19th-century English pro-war party. [Br. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69] denigrating designation for a man who treats women as inferiors. [Am. Pop. Culture: Misc.] How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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We all know her amazing record: pushing for equal prize money for female tennis players and the first women's professional tour; beating self-proclaimed male chauvinist Bobby Riggs in the 1973 Battle of the Sexes; and becoming one of the first openly gay athletes in the early 1980s when her longtime lesbian relationship came to light. Politicians," writes Ghosh, "have discovered that the easiest way to win votes is to appeal to sectarian chauvinists. Everyone here is familiar with the phrase, "male chauvinist pig. |
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