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Chiasmus

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Chiasmus 

a type of antithetical parallelism in which the parts of two parallel elements are placed in reverse sequence, in the pattern ab = b1a1. An example is “It was not a grass-blade in the open field that was nodding,/Nodding was my poor little homeless head.” Sometimes the sense of parallelism is maintained by the repeating of intermediate words in the pattern abc = c1ba1, as in Pushkin’s lines Avtomedony nashi boiki,/Neutomimy nashi troiki (“Lively our Automedons,/Our troikas tireless”).



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He discusses Phlegyas and David, Sidney's legacy, Spenser's calling, and Shakespearean triads all within the context of chiasmus.
Whereas the latter is intended to safeguard the liberty of all individuals, Paton demonstrates the former to be, in Gary Boire's chiasmus, "a form of violence that legalizes, a form of legality that imposes violence" (1999: 588) in its consequences for both the colonial and the colonised.
For Clark, Measure for Measure uses chiasmus in order to juxtapose the contradictory and nonnegotiable values that provide the tension within the play.
 
 
 
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