Dengue fever

dengue fever (dĕng`gē, –gā), acute infectious disease caused by four closely related viruses and transmitted by the bite of the Aedes mosquito; it is also known as breakbone fever and bone-crusher disease. The disease occurs in both epidemic and sporadic form in warm climates (S United States, South America, the Mediterranean countries, India, the Philippines, and Indonesia). The classic symptoms, following an incubation period of five to eight days, are high fever, chills, severe headache, pain in the joints, pain behind the eyes, rash, sweating, and prostration, but infected persons may experience milder symptoms. Symptoms subside in two to four days, but after a remission lasting from a few hours to two days there is another rise in temperature, and a generalized rash appears. Convalescence is sometimes prolonged, with weakness and low blood pressure.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever, a severe form of the disease, can cause hemorrhage, shock, and encephalitis. It occurs when a person who has acquired immunity to one of the viruses that cause dengue fever is infected by a different dengue virus. It is a leading cause of death among children in Southeast Asia and in recent years has become increasingly prevalent in tropical America. There is no specific treatment for dengue fever except good nursing care. Both diseases can be controlled by eradicating the mosquitoes and destroying their breeding places.

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Dengue fever [′deŋ·gē ‚fēv·ər]

(medicine)

An infection borne by theAedesfemale mosquito, and caused by one of four closely related but antigenically distinct Dengue virus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4). It starts abruptly after an incubation period of 2-7 days with high fever, severe headache, myalgia, and rash. It is found throughout the tropical and subtropical zones. Also known as break-bone fever.