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eclampsia

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.10 sec.
eclampsia (ĭklămp`sēə), term applied to toxic complications that can occur late in pregnancy. Toxemia toxemia (tŏksē`mēə), disease state caused by the presence in the blood of bacterial toxins or other harmful substances.
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 of pregnancy occurs in 10% to 20% of pregnant women; symptoms include headache, vertigo, visual disturbances, vomiting, hypertension, and edema. The four categories of hypertension during pregnancy are pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, and transient hypertension. Pre-eclampsia, which occurs late in pregnancy, is characterized by decreased cardiac output and increased blood vessel resistance. It may be prevented with calcium supplements and low-dose aspirin, and a cesarian section is often safer than natural childbirth. Only 5% of of women with pre-eclampsia progress to eclampsia, which is accompanied by convulsions and coma. To avoid renal and cardiovascular damage of the mother and to prevent fetal damage, the condition is treated by termination of pregnancy.
eclampsia
1. Pathol a toxic condition of unknown cause that sometimes develops in the last three months of pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure, abnormal weight gain and convulsions
2. another name for milk fever (in cattle)


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Reasons for these high death rates include eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, HIV infection, malaria, and obstructed labor.
Greater proportions of women who had had a cesarean experienced medical complications in their second pregnancies, including anemia, cardiac disease, diabetes, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia and placental disorders.
According to WHO, the most common direct causes of these deaths are severe bleeding (25 percent), infection (15 percent), ravages of an unsafe abortion (13 percent), eclampsia (12 percent), and obstructed labor (8 percent).
 
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