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enclosure movement |
Also found in: Legal, Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.05 sec. |
enclosure movementDivision or consolidation of communal lands in Western Europe into the carefully delineated and individually owned farm plots of modern times. Before enclosure, farmland was under the control of individual cultivators only during the growing season; after harvest and before the next growing season, the land was used by the community for the grazing of livestock and other purposes. In England the movement for enclosure began in the 12th century and proceeded rapidly from 1450 to 1640; the process was virtually complete by the end of the 19th century. In the rest of Europe, enclosure made little progress until the 19th century. Common rights over arable land have now been largely eliminated. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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Scheiber also traces the origins of the enclosure movement that eventually led to the establishment of the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) under the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). One disquieting aspect of the book is the notion that there was some kind of `Golden Era' in the world prior to the rise of capitalism, in which communities did really care about their fellow members, as in the period prior to the enclosure movement in England. Their methods were not inherently sustainable and the movement can as easily be seen to mark the arrival of the high input industrial agriculture of the twentieth century as the continuation of an ecological golden age of traditional institutions (whose relatively recent origins in the turmoil of the enclosure movement Winter chooses not to discuss). |
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