Endurance (redirected from endure)

endurance [in′du̇r·əns]

(engineering)

The time an aircraft, vehicle, or ship can continue operating under given conditions without refueling.

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Endurance

See also Longevity.

Atalanta

feminine name denotes power of endurance. [Gk. Myth.: Jobes, 148]

Boston marathon

famous 26-mile race held annually for long-distance runners. [Am. Pop. Culture: Misc.]

cedrala tree

symbol of longevity and endurance. [Eastern Folklore and Plant Symbolism: Jobes, 301]

Denisovich, Ivan

prisoner persists through travails of Soviet camp. [Russ. Lit.: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich]

dromedary

able to cover a hundred miles in one day. [Medieval Animal Symbolism: White, 80–81]

ironman triathlon

event combines swimming, bicycling, marathon run. [Pop. Cult.: Misc.]

marathon dancing

dance contest with endurance as chief factor. [Am. Hist.: Sann, 57–69]

Prometheus

epitome of stoic endurance. [Gk. Myth.: Gayley, 10–15]

Steadfast Tin Soldier

one-legged toy survives multiple calamities; ultimately immolated. [Dan. Lit.: Andersen’s Fairy Tales]

Yossarian

always creating new ways to stay alive through long war. [Am. Lit.: Catch-22]

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Endurance 

(in strength of materials), the capability of materials and structures to resist the action of repeated (cyclic) loading. Damage or failure from the effects of cyclic loading is called fatigue. A distinction is made between low-cycle fatigue (the development of plastic deformations at high load levels) and intrinsic fatigue (the gradual accumulation of latent, irreversible changes in the structure of materials, the subsequent formation of microscopic cracks, and their coalescence into a so-called main macroscopic crack, which results in failure). The relationship between the load level (stresses) σ and the number of cycles N required for failure is represented by a fatigue curve. The fatigue limit σ_r is the stress corresponding to failure at a specified large number of cycles or at the horizontal asymptote of the fatigue curve. Endurance depends on such factors as the properties of the material, the type of cycle, the type of stressed state, the presence of stress concentrators, the condition of the surface, the properties of the surrounding medium, and the dimensions of the part or structure.

The fatigue limit may prove to be considerably lower than the ultimate strength or the yield limit of a material. The great sensitivity of the fatigue limit to various factors requires special attention in choosing permissible stresses and safety factors in cases of cyclic loading.

REFERENCES

Serensen, S. V., V. P. Kogaev, and R. M. Shneiderovich. Nesushchaia sposobnost’ i raschety detalei mashin na prochnost’,2nd ed. Moscow, 1963.
Bolotin, V. V. Statisticheskie metody v stroitel’noi mekhanike, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1965.
Prochnost’, Ustoichivost’, Kolebaniia: Spravochnik, vol. I. Moscow, 1968. Chapter 7.

V. V. BOLOTIN