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ergativity
(redirected from ergative)

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Wikipedia 0.06 sec.

ergativity

Tendency of a language to pair the subject, or agent, of an intransitive verb with the object, or patient, of a transitive verb. This contrasts with the situation in nominative-accusative languages such as Latin or English, in which the subjects of both transitive and intransitive verbs are paired grammatically and distinguished from the object of a transitive verb. Languages or language families that display ergativity to varying degrees include Sumerian, Caucasian languages, Eskimo-Aleut, Maya, Australian Aboriginal languages, and many American Indian languages.



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Finally, Hook's "On Identifying the Conceptual Restructuring of Passive as Ergative in Indo-Aryan" evaluates the Old Indo-Aryan passive and the New Indo-Aryan ergative constructions in the context of a typological discussion of similar structures in other language families.
 
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