gas chromatography (GC)

Type of chromatography with a gas mixture as the mobile phase. In a packed column, the packing or solid support (held in a tube) serves as the stationary phase (vapour-phase chromatography, or VPC) or is coated with a liquid stationary phase (gas-liquid chromatography, or GLC). In capillary columns, the stationary phase coats the walls of small-diameter tubes. The sample of gas or volatile liquid to be analyzed is injected into the inlet; its components move through with a carrier gas (usually hydrogen, helium, or argon) at rates influenced by their degree of interaction with the stationary phase. The temperature, nature of the stationary phase, and column length can be varied to improve separation. The gas stream issuing from the column's end may pass through a thermal conductivity detector or a flame ionization detector, where its properties are compared with those of known reference substances. GC is used to measure air pollutants, essential oils, gases or alcohol in blood, and composition of industrial process streams.

Despite the power of modern analytical instruments techniques of analysis, such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, one of the most important challenges is said to remain that of sample preparation, especially for non-volatile, insoluble materials and chemicals.

Infrared thermometer by Rubber World

An aliquot of transformer oil from the drum of the Exxon Univolt 60 transformer oil was examined for traces of PCBs as would be evident by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD).

Preparation of reference material 8504, transformer oil by Wise, Stephen A. / Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

This study describes methods for analysis of acetone soluble wood extractives using a combination of high-resolution and low-resolution gas chromatography (GC).

Gas chromatographic analysis of acetone extractives in lodgepole pine ... by Campbell, Roger / Solutions - for People, Processes and Paper

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