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toxicology |
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toxicology, study of poisons, or toxins, from the standpoint of detection, isolation, identification, and determination of their effects on the human body. Toxicology may be considered the branch of pharmacology pharmacology, study of the changes produced in living animals by chemical substances, especially the actions of drugs , substances used to treat disease. Systematic investigation of the effects of drugs based on animal experimentation and the use of isolated and ..... Click the link for more information. devoted to the study of the poisonous effects of drugs. It is also a division of forensic medicine concerned with the detection of the criminal use of poisons. toxicologyStudy of poisons and their effects, particularly on living systems. It overlaps with biochemistry, histology, pharmacology, pathology, and other fields. Its functions have expanded from identifying poisons and searching for treatments to include forensic toxicology (see forensic medicine) and testing and detection of a fast-growing number of new potentially toxic substances used in workplaces, in agriculture (e.g., insecticides, other pesticides, fertilizers), in cosmetics, as food additives, and as drugs (see drug poisoning). Perhaps the area of largest expansion is the study of toxic waste in the air, water, and soil, including chlorofluorocarbons, acid rain, dioxin, and radioactive isotopes. |
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? Mentioned in | ? References in periodicals archive | ||
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| Raymond Tennant, then director of the Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, and his colleagues compared the results for 73 chemicals tested in the 2-year rodent bioassays and in four in vitro, short-term tests. Specifically, the company uses a client-centered approach in providing bioanalysis, structure identification, genetic toxicology and consulting services to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. Chemical Consequences: Environmental Mutagens, Scientist Activism, and the Rise of Genetic Toxicology Scott Frickel Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2004. |
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