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justice |
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justiceIn philosophy, the concept of a proper proportion between a person's deserts (what is merited) and the good and bad things that befall or are allotted to him or her. Aristotle's discussion of the virtue of justice has been the starting point for almost all Western accounts. For him, the key element of justice is treating like cases alike, an idea that has set later thinkers the task of working out which similarities (need, desert, talent) are relevant. Aristotle distinguishes between justice in the distribution of wealth or other goods (distributive justice) and justice in reparation, as, for example, in punishing someone for a wrong he has done (retributive justice). The notion of justice is also essential in that of the just state, a central concept in political philosophy. See also law. justice 1. Ethics a. the principle of fairness that like cases should be treated alike b. a particular distribution of benefits and burdens fairly in accordance with a particular conception of what are to count as like cases c. the principle that punishment should be proportionate to the offence 2. the administration of law according to prescribed and accepted principles 3. conformity to the law; legal validity Justice personified as a blindfolded goddess, token of impartiality. [Rom. Tradition: Jobes II, 898] See : Blindness Justice See also Lawgiving. Kidnapping (See ABDUCTION.) Aeacus a judge of the dead. [Rom. Lit.: Aeneid] (519–465 B.C.) Persian king rectifies wrongs done to Jews. [O.T.: Esther 8:7–8] trained by Merlin to become a just ruler, he endeavors all his life to establish a realm where justice prevails. [Br. Lit.: Malory Le Mort d’Arthur] in moral sphere, presides over righteousness. [Zoroastrianism: Jobes, 138] goddess of justice. [Gk. Myth.: Benét, 59] island-city where Sancho Panza, as governor, settles disputes equitably. [Span. Lit.: Cervantes Don Quixote] worn by personification of justice. [Art: Hall, 183] in American flag, symbolizes justice. [Color Symbolism: Leach, 242; Jobes, 356] landmark Supreme Court decision barring segregation of schools (1954). [Am. Hist.: Van Doren, 544] of corrupt judge’s flayed flesh provides judicial throne. [Gk. Hist.: Herodotus] conscience piqued, tries to lift Spanish yoke from Flemish. [Ger. Lit.: Don Carlos] presided impartially over the ecclesiastical trial of Joan of Arc. [Fr. Hist.: EB, (1963) V, 60]
one of Horae; personification of natural law and justice. [Gk. Myth.: Zimmerman, 85] established right of all defendants to counsel (1963). [Am. Hist.: Van Doren, 585] during a famine he saves food for the rich by burning the poor, whom he compares to mice; mice invade his tower and devour him. [Ger. Legend: Brewer Dictionary, 439] (1457–1509) deliverer of Richard III’s just deserts. [Br. Lit.: Richard III] main judicial organ of U.N. [World Hist.: NCE, 1351] sign of the balance, weighing of right and wrong. [Zodiac: Brewer Dictionary, 640] his justice approved even by the gods; became one of the three judges of the dead. [Gk. Myth.: Zimmerman, 168] equitable councillor to King Feredach. [Irish Hist.: Brewer Dictionary, 728] strangled wearer if he judged unfairly. [Irish Folklore: Brewer Dictionary, 728] surviving Nazi leaders put on trial (1946). [Eur. Hist.: Van Doren, 512] as a lawyer, ingeniously interprets to Shylock the terms of Antonio’s bond. [Br. Drama: Shakespeare The Merchant of Venice] settles dispute over a stolen child by asking the two claimants to pull it out of a circle of chalk by its arms. [Chin. Drama: The Circle of Chalk in Magill III, 193; cf. Brecht The Caucasian Chalk Circle in Weiss, 74] made judge in lower world for earthly impartiality. [Gk. Myth.: Brewer Handbook, 911] indicates fairness. [Flower Symbolism: Flora Symbolica, 177] signify impartiality. [Art: Hall, 183] denotes fairness and righteousness. [Heraldry: Halberts, 37] perspicaciously resolves dilemma of baby’s ownership. [O.T.: I Kings 16–28] emblem of equity. [Western Folklore: Jobes, 374] attributes of St. Michael as devil-fighter and judge. [Christian Symbolism: Appleton, 98]
barrister London Stryver gets Charles Darnay acquitted by showing his resemblance to Sydney Carton. [Br. Lit.: Dickens A Tale of Two Cities] where men will be ultimately tried before God. [O.T.: Joel 3:2] popular name for International Court of Justice which assumed functions of the World Court. [World Hist.: NCE, 3006–3007] equitable and incorruptible priest-lawyer. [Christian Hagiog.: Attwater, 347 How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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