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kermes

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kermes
a small evergreen Eurasian oak tree, Quercus coccifera, with prickly leaves resembling holly: the host plant of kermes scale insects


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Persian for 'red', it comes from the small female insect Kermes Ilicis which lives on the shrub-like Kermes Oak.
Conjunctivitis was treated with kermes and colds by drinking boiled thyme.
In Roman times pale complexions were admired, so faces were whitened with chalk and kaolin, even toxic lead, and the equivalent of today's blusher contained madder root, kermes or some other red mineral.
 
 
 
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