lanthanide contraction

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lanthanide contraction [′lan·thə‚nīd kən‚trak·shən]

(atomic physics)

A phenomenon encountered in the rare-earth elements; the radii of the atoms of the members of the series decrease slightly as the atomic numbers increase; starting with element 58 in the periodic table, the balancing electron fills in an inner incomplete 4ƒ shell as the charge on the nucleus increases.

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