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lipase

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.02 sec.
lipase (lī`pās), any enzyme enzyme, biological catalyst. The term enzyme comes from zymosis, the Greek word for fermentation, a process accomplished by yeast cells and long known to the brewing industry, which occupied the attention of many 19th-century chemists.
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 capable of degrading lipid lipids, a broad class of organic products found in living systems. Most are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents. The definition excludes the mineral oils and other petroleum products obtained from fossil material.
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 molecules. The bulk of dietary lipids are a class called triacylglycerols and are attacked by lipases to yield simple fatty acids fatty acid, any of the organic carboxylic acids present in fats and oils as esters of glycerol. Molecular weights of fatty acids vary over a wide range. The carbon skeleton of any fatty acid is unbranched. Some fatty acids are saturated, i.e.
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 and glycerol, molecules which can permeate the membranes of the stomach and small intestine for use by the body. Gastric lipase, secreted by the stomach lining, has a pH value for optimal activity around neutrality and would appear, therefore, to be essentially inactive in the strongly acid environment of the stomach. It is suggested that this enzyme is more important for infant digestion since the gastric pH in infancy is much less acid than later in life. Most lipid digestion in the adult occurs in the upper loop of the small intestine and is accomplished by a lipase secreted by the pancreas. Phospholipases are the enzymes that degrade phospholipids phospholipid , lipid that in its simplest form is composed of glycerol bonded to two fatty acids and a phosphate group. The resulting compound called phosphatidic acid contains a region (the fatty acid component) that is fat-soluble along with a region (the charged
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.
lipase
any of a group of fat-digesting enzymes produced in the stomach, pancreas, and liver and also occurring widely in the seeds of plants

lipase [′lī‚pās]
(biochemistry)
An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats or the breakdown of lipoproteins.


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Mayoly has succeeded in developing a recombinant Lipase (not of animal origin), an enzyme for the treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI).
They found that moderate high pressures--between 150 MPa and 450 MPa--stabilize lipase activity in organic media, which allows processes to occur at temperatures higher that what is achievable at ambient pressure, because of enzyme denaturation and solvent evaporation.
During the study, the researchers looked at 585 subjects of European ancestry, and identified 10 people with previously unreported rare mutated forms of this gene that were unique to subjects with very high HDL-C levels Further analysis revealed that mutations in the LIPG gene that cause loss of endothelial lipase activity were the cause of increased plasma HDL-C levels.
 
 
 
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