digestion (redirected from luminal phase digestion)

digestion

Major organs of the human digestive system. Food taken in by the mouth is guided by the tongue as …

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Process of dissolving and chemically converting food for absorption by cells. In the mouth, food is chewed, mixed with saliva, which begins to break down starches, and kneaded by the tongue into a ball for swallowing. Peristalsis propels it through the esophagus and the rest of the alimentary canal. In the stomach, food mixes with acid and enzymes, which further break it down. The mixture, called chyme, enters the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. Bile from the liver breaks up fat globules. Enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal glands act on specific molecules, breaking carbohydrates down into simple sugars, proteins into amino acids, and fats into glycerol and fatty acids. These products are absorbed by the bloodstream. Indigestible substances, such as fibre, pass into the large intestine, where water and ions are reabsorbed and feces held for excretion.

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digestion

1. the act or process in living organisms of breaking down ingested food material into easily absorbed and assimilated substances by the action of enzymes and other agents

2. mental assimilation, esp of ideas

3. Chem the treatment of material with heat, solvents, chemicals, etc., to cause softening or decomposition

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digestion [də′jes·chən]

(chemical engineering)

Preferential dissolving of mineral constituents in concentrations of ore.

Liquefaction of organic waste materials by action of microbes.

Separation of fabric from tires by the use of hot sodium hydroxide.

Removing lignin from wood in manufacture of chemical cellulose paper pulp.

(civil engineering)

The process of sewage treatment by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter.

(physiology)

The process of converting food to an absorbable form by breaking it down to simpler chemical compounds.