mausoleum (môsəlē`əm), a sepulchral structure or tomb tomb, vault or chamber constructed either partly or entirely above ground as a place of interment. Although it is often used as a synonym for grave , the word is derived from the Greek tymbos [burial ground].
..... Click the link for more information. , especially one of some size and architectural pretension, so called from the sepulcher of that name at Halicarnassus, Asia Minor, erected (c.352 B.C.) in memory of Mausolus Mausolus (môsō`ləs), d. 353 B.C., Persian satrap, ruler over Caria (c.376–353 B.C.).
..... Click the link for more information. of Caria. It was a magnificent white marble structure, considered by the ancients one of the Seven Wonders of the World Seven Wonders of the World, in ancient classifications, were the Great Pyramid of Khufu (see pyramid ) or all the pyramids with or without the sphinx ; the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, with or without the walls; the mausoleum at Halicarnassus; the Artemision at
..... Click the link for more information. .

Presumably in the form of an Ionic peristyle set on a lofty and massive base that contained the sarcophagus, it was surmounted by a stepped pyramid on whose truncated apex was a marble quadriga, or four-horse chariot. It was richly decorated with sculpture, including works of Scopas Scopas (skō`pəs), Greek sculptor, fl. 4th cent. B.C., b. Paros.
..... Click the link for more information. and, quite probably, of Praxiteles Praxiteles (prăksĭt`əlēz), fl. c.370–c.330 B.C., famous Attic sculptor, probably the son of Cephisodotus .
..... Click the link for more information. . The building itself was demolished for the purpose of reusing the material, but some of the sculpture was recovered (1846) for the British Museum.

A notable Roman mausoleum (135–39) is that of Hadrian in Rome. It was originally a great circular drum sheathed in marble and perhaps covered by a conical stepped roof of masonry; its form, however, has been changed beyond recognition. It is now called Castel Sant' Angelo Castel Sant' Angelo (kästĕl` säntän`jālō), Hadrian's Mausoleum, or
..... Click the link for more information. .

Under the Mughal Mughal (m
..... Click the link for more information. emperors of India was built a remarkable series of domed mausoleums, many of them used as pleasure pavilions during the owner's lifetime. The most celebrated mausoleum, built by Shah Jahan at Agra, is known as the Taj Mahal Taj Mahal (täzh məhäl`, täj məhŭl`), mausoleum, Agra, Uttar Pradesh state, N India, on the Yamuna River.
..... Click the link for more information. . Notable mausoleums of modern times are those of Napoleon under the Dôme des Invalides, Paris; of President U. S. Grant on Riverside Drive, New York City; and of Lenin in Red Square, Moscow. In the United States the term mausoleum is used loosely to describe any sepulchral building above the surface of the ground.

mausoleum

Large, impressive tomb, especially a stone building with places for entombment of the dead aboveground. The word is derived from Mausolus, whose widow raised a splendid tomb at Halicarnassus (c. 353–350 BC). Probably the most ambitious mausoleum is the Taj Mahal.

mausoleum (redirected from mausoleums)

mausoleum

mausoleum
(redirected from mausoleums)