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metrology |
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metrologyScience of measurement. Measuring a quantity means establishing its ratio to another fixed quantity of the same kind, known as the unit of that kind of quantity. A unit is an abstract idea, defined either by reference to a randomly chosen material standard or to a natural phenomenon. For example, the metre, the standard of length in the metric system, was formerly defined (1889–1960) by the separation of two lines on a particular metal bar, but it is now defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 second. See also International System of Units. The science of weights and measures. Metrology is an important part of semiconductor manufacturing where high-resolution tools are required to measure the tiny elements in a chip that continue to decrease year after year. |
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| A collaboration of scientists from NIST and the University of Nijmegen (Netherlands) has shown that two sets of nearly-identical nanolines created by laser-focused atomic deposition can interfere with each other to form a metrologically significant moire pattern. In addition, NIST is metrologically supporting that facility's own provision of NIST-traceable calibrations in gear form and other dimensional quantities. |
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metrologically