Printer Friendly
Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary
1,517,525,033 visitors served.
forum mailing list For webmasters
?
New: Language forums
Dictionary/
thesaurus
Medical
dictionary
Legal
dictionary
Financial
dictionary
Acronyms
 
Idioms
Encyclopedia
Wikipedia
encyclopedia
?

murder

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Acronyms, Idioms, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.04 sec.
murder, criminal homicide homicide (hŏm`əsīd), in law, the taking of human life.
..... Click the link for more information.
, usually distinguished from manslaughter manslaughter, homicide committed without justification or excuse but distinguished from murder by the absence of the element of malice aforethought. Modern criminal statutes usually divide it into degrees, the most common distinction being between voluntary and
..... Click the link for more information.
 by the element of malice malice, in law, an intentional violation of the law of crimes or torts that injures another person. Malice need not involve a malignant spirit or the definite intent to do harm.
..... Click the link for more information.
 aforethought. The most direct case of malicious intent occurs when the killer is known to have adopted the deliberate intent to commit the homicidal act at some time before it is actually committed. Very often, however, the law presumes the existence of malice aforethought from the circumstances, and it does not necessarily have to be proved directly. The most clear-cut case of this presumption of malice is when the killer inadvertently murders a person other than his intended victim. Here, malice is presumed if the killer intended to inflict serious bodily injury, or if he behaved with such reckless disregard of the safety of others as to betray a "depraved heart." Likewise, a killing incidentally committed in the course of a felony felony (fĕl`ənē), any grave crime, in contrast to a misdemeanor , that is so declared in statute or was so considered in common
..... Click the link for more information.
 (e.g., robbery or rape) is deemed murder; if the felony was accomplished by more than one person, all are equally guilty of the murder, not only the actual killer. A murder that is incidental to a misdemeanor misdemeanor, in law, a minor crime, in contrast to a felony . At common law a misdemeanor was a crime other than treason or a felony. Although it might be a grave offense, it did not affect the feudal bond or take away the offender's property. By the 19th cent.
..... Click the link for more information.
, however, is treated as manslaughter. Most states prescribe various degrees of murder. Murder in the first degree generally is a calculated act of slaying committed with malice aforethought, often requiring aggravated circumstances such as extreme brutality. It receives the severest penalty, often life imprisonment or capital punishment capital punishment, imposition of a penalty of death by the state.

History



Capital punishment was widely applied in ancient times; it can be found (c.1750 B.C.) in the Code of Hammurabi.
..... Click the link for more information.
. Second-degree murder is a homicide committed with malice, but without deliberation or premeditation. A homicide committed without malice (as in negligent motor vehicle operation) or in the "heat of passion" (as in a quarrel which escalates to violence) is generally considered manslaughter. In some states, certain crimes that are defined as murder of a lower degree approximate more closely the definition of manslaughter in common law common law, system of law that prevails in England and in countries colonized by England. The name is derived from the medieval theory that the law administered by the king's courts represented the common custom of the realm, as opposed to the custom of local
..... Click the link for more information.
. In some cases, it is difficult to determine whether malice aforethought was present; consequently the governor of a state (or other chief executive) not infrequently uses his power of commutation of sentence to revoke the death penalty, and in some states the appellate courts automatically review all convictions of murder.
murder
the unlawful premeditated killing of one human being by another

Murder
Abimelech
slew his 70 brothers to become ruler. [O.T.: Judges 9:5]
Barnwell, George
noble motives cause him to murder uncle. [Br. Lit.: The London Merchant; Barnhart, 695]
Beaumont, Jeremiah
kills the man who had seduced his wife; he is murdered by an enemy and his wife kills herself. [Am. Lit.: Warren World Enough and Time in Magill II, 1160]
Bluebeard
closets away bodies of former wives. [Fr. Fairy Tale: Harvey, 97–98]
Bluebeard
(Henri Désiré Landru, 1869–1922) executed for murders of ten women (1915–18). [Fr. Hist.: EB (1972), XIII, 661
Boston Strangler
(Albert De Salvo, 1932—) strangled thirteen women between 1962 and 1964. [Am. Hist.: Misc.]
Busiris
murders predecessor to gain Egyptian throne. [Gk. Myth: Avery, 231]
Cain
jealous, slays Abel. [O.T.: Genesis 4:8]
Cenci, Beatrice
with brothers, arranges murder of cruel father. [Br. Lit.: The Cenci]
Claudius
murders brother to gain throne. [Br. Lit.: Hamlet]
Danaides
slew husbands on wedding night. [Gk. Myth.: Kravitz, 74]
Donatello
throws Miriam’s persecutor over cliff to death. [Am. Lit.: The Marble Faun]
Donegild
killed by Alla for abandoning his wife and son at sea. [Br. Lit.: Canterbury Tales, “Man of Law’s Tale”]
Franceschini, Count
brutally murders his estranged young wife and her parents. [Br. Poetry: Browning The Ring and the Book]
Gilligan, Amy Archer
poisons 48 elderly people in nursing homes. [Am. Hist.: Elizabeth S. Baxter Newington; Am. Drama: Kesselring Arsenic and Old Lace]
Griffiths, Clyde
young social climber lets his pregnant mistress drown in a boating accident and is convicted of murder. [Am. Lit.: An American Tragedy in Hart, 30]
Hagen
stabs Siegfried in back; kills Gunther. [Ger. Opera: Wagner, Götterdämmerung, Westerman, 245]
Hines, Doc
kills Joe’s father; lets mother die in childbirth. [Am. Lit.: Light in August]
Ibbetson, Peter
a confessed murderer, yet a sensitive, romantic man. [Br. Lit.: Peter Ibbetson, Magill I, 736–738]
In Cold Blood
nonfiction novel about a brutal, senseless murder in Kansas. [Am. Lit.: In Cold Blood]
Injun Joe
stabs town doctor to death. [Am. Lit.: Tom Sawyer]
Ixion
first murderer of a relative in classical mythology. [Gk. Myth.: Zimmerman, 142; Rom. Lit.: Aeneid]
Jack the Ripper
killed and disemboweled 9 London prostitutes (1888–1889). [Br. Hist.: Brewer Note-Book, 463]
Julian, St.
mistakenly kills his parents in their sleep. [Fr. Lit.: Flaubert “The Legend of St. Julian the Hospitaler”]
Kenilworth
intrigue in the court of Elizabeth I. [Br. Lit.: Scott Kenilworth in Magill I, 469]
M
motion picture about a child-murderer hunted down by organized criminal element. [Ger. Cinema: Halliwell]
Macbeth
became king of Scotland through a series of ruthless murders, but was ultimately slain by his enemy, Macduff. [Br. Lit.: Shakespeare Macbeth]
Medea
murdered her two children. [Gk. Lit.: Century Classical, 684–685]
Michele
murders wife’s lover; hides body under cloak. [Ital. Opera: Puccini, The Cloak, Westerman, 362–363]
Modo
fiend presiding over homicide. [Br. Lit.: King Lear]
Mordred, Sir
illegitimate son and treacherous killer of Arthur. [Br. Lit.: Le Morte d’Arthur]
Orestes
commits matricide to avenge father’s honor. [Gk. Lit.: Electra]
Othello
believing false evidence of Desdemona’s infidelity, he strangles her. [Br. Lit.: Shakespeare Othello]
Ourang-Outang
brutally kills a mother and her daughter. [Am. Lit.: Poe The Murders in the Rue Morgue]
Porgy
murders Crown, who tried to take Bess. [Am. Opera: Gershwin, Porgy and Bess, Westerman, 556]
Raskolnikov
plans and carries out the murder of an old woman pawnbroker. [Russ. Lit.: Crime and Punishment]
Rogêt, Marie
girl assaulted and murdered, her corpse thrown into the Seine. Am. Lit.: Poe The Mystery of Marie Rogêt]
Rudge
murders master and gardener. [Br. Lit.: Barnaby Rudge]
Sikes, Bill
hanged for killing of Nancy. [Br. Lit.: Oliver Twist]
Smith, George Joseph
dispatched wives and lovers in bathtubs in 1910s. [Br. Hist.: Wallechinsky, 274]
Spandrell
cynic opposed to fascist Everard Webley attacks and kills him, then commits suicide. [Br. Lit.: Huxley Point Counter Point in Magill I, 760]
Sparafucile
his killing of Gilda fulfills curse against Rigoletto. [Ital. Opera: Verdi, Rigoletto, Westerman, 300]
Thuggee
religious devotion to Kali involves human strangulation. [Indian Hist.: Brewer Dictionary, 1080]
Tyrrel, James
at the king’s behest, arranges the deaths of two young princes in the Tower. [Br. Drama: Shakespeare Richard III]


How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content.
?Page tools
Printer friendly
Cite / link
Email
Feedback
? Mentioned in ? References in classic literature
 
The medical man who examined him, being informed of this circumstance, considered the post-mortem appearances as being perfectly compatible with murder by smothering--that is to say, with murder committed by some person, or persons, pressing the pillow over the nose and mouth of the deceased, until death resulted from congestion of the lungs.
Kimballton was nearly sixty miles distant in a straight line; the murder had been perpetrated only at eight o'clock the preceding night; yet Dominicus had heard of it at seven in the morning, when, in all probability, poor Mr.
Therefore I warn you, and listen well to my words, that they may be engraved upon your memory, never to be forgotten: this murder, which has robbed me of everything -- this murder, which has deprived me of my name -- this murder, which has impoverished me -- this murder, which has made me corrupt, wicked, implacable -- I shall summon you to account for it first and then those who were your accomplices, when I discover them
 
Encyclopedia browser? ? Full browser
 
 
Encyclopedia
?

Disclaimer | Privacy policy | Feedback | Copyright © 2009 Farlex, Inc.
All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Terms of Use.