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nucleophile

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nucleophile

Atom or molecule that contains an electron pair available for bonding and in chemical reactions therefore seeks a positive centre, such as the nucleus of an atom or the positive end of a polar molecule (see covalent bond; electric dipole). In the Lewis electron theory (see acid-base theory), advanced by the U.S. chemist Gilbert Lewis (1875–1946) in 1923, nucleophiles are by definition Lewis bases. Examples include the hydroxide ion (OH−), the ions of the halogens chlorine, bromine, and iodine (Cl−, Br−, and I−, respectively), ammonia (NH3), and water (H2O). See also base; electrophile.

nucleophile [′nü·klē·ə‚fīl]
(physical chemistry)
A species possessing one or more electron-rich sites, such as an unshared pair of electrons, the negative end of a polar bond, or pi electrons. Also known as electron donor.
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It provides guidance on selecting the appropriate aminating agent--whether haloamines, hydroxylamines, diazonium salts, azo compounds, or azides--for different types of carbon nucleophile.
Organic reactions; v.72 by SciTech Book News
Uric acid is a powerful antioxidant, particularly in respect of peroxynitrite, a nucleophile that causes the type of axonal degradation that is associated with multiple sclerosis.
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Upon thermal treatment of EPU, urethane NH groups can act as a nucleophile and attack to epoxy rings, therefore, new allophanate bonds and hydroxyl groups can be generated.
Synthesis and properties of polybenzoxazine modified polyurethanes as ... by Yeganeh, Hamid; Razavi-Nouri, Mohammad; Ghaffari, Mehdi / Polymer Engineering and Science
 
 
 
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