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Papain

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.01 sec.
papain: see papaya papaya , soft-stemmed tree (Carica papaya) of tropical America resembling a palm with a crown of palmately lobed leaves. It is cultivated for its melonlike yellow fruits eaten raw or cooked and, more recently, for the juice which has become a commercial item.
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papain [pə′pī·ən]
(biochemistry)
An enzyme preparation obtained from the juice of the fruit and leaves of the papaya (Carica papaya); contains proteolytic enzymes.

Papain 

a proteolytic vegetable enzyme of the hydrolase class. Papain exhibits a wide range of substrate specificities, catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins and peptides and the hydrolysis of amides, ethers, and thioesters. Crystalline papain is obtained from the sap of the papaya tree (Carica papaya), where it is present in large quantities. The papain molecule is made up of a single polypeptide chain that consists of 212 amino-acid residues. Its molecular weight is 20,900, and the amino-acid sequence has been fully worked out. The active site of papain contains a sulfhydryl group (—SH) and a histidine radical. Papain is used to process leather, tenderize meat, and lighten the color of beverages.

REFERENCES

Kretovich, V. L. Osnovy biokhimii rastenii, 5th ed. Moscow, 1971.
Mosolov, V. V. Proteoliticheskie fermenty. Moscow, 1971.


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NaturDent contains papain and bromelain with natural enzymes to break down the pellicle preventing plaque and stains; meswak extract, which fortifies gums and acts as a barrier against tooth decay; neem, which has been shown to significantly reduce the plaque and cleanse the mouth; and xylitol, which is proven to reduce the incidence of plaque buildup and keep teeth healthy.
The scientists hydrolyzed gelatin from pork skin or beef hide (types 225A30, 225B40 and 100B40) with papain at 37 C for different intervals: 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 60 minutes; at a variety of pH: 5.
Brightening Enzymes Brightening enzymes containing pineapple extract, papain, kojic, L-arbutin, azelaic, and other natural acids dissolve unwanted skin cells, brightening the skin and suppressing the production of melanin.
 
 
 
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