self-organisation definition of self-organisation in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

self-organization [‚self ‚ȯr·gə·nə′zā·shən]

(chemistry)

The capability of a system to spontaneously generate a well-defined supramolecular entity by self-assembling from components in a given set of conditions.

Self-Organization

a process during which the organization of a complex dynamic system is created, reproduced, or improved. Self-organization processes can occur only in systems that have a high level of complexity and a large number of elements; the relations between the elements must be of a probabilistic rather than a rigid nature. The properties of self-organization are exhibited by such diverse systems as a living cell, an organism, a biological population, a biocenosis, and a human community. The processes of self-organization involve the reorganization of existing relations between elements of the system and the formation of new relations. It is characteristic of self-organization processes that such processes are goal-oriented but, at the same time, natural and spontaneous. These processes may occur when the system interacts with the environment, but they are to some degree autonomous and are relatively independent of the environment.

Three types of processes of self-organization are distinguished. The first type is the self-generation of organization, that is, the emergence of a new, integral system with its own specific regularities from some aggregation of integral objects of a given level. An example is the genesis of multicellular organisms from unicellular ones. The second type comprises processes by which a system maintains a certain level of organization when changes occur in the external and internal conditions under which the system functions. The chief object of study here is homeostatic mechanisms (see HOMEOSTASIS), in particular, mechanisms whose operation is based on the negative-feedback principle. The third type involves the improvement and self-development of systems that are able to accumulate and make use of experience.

The problems of self-organization were first subjected to special investigation in cybernetics. The term “self-organizing system” was introduced by the English cyberneticist W. R. Ashby in 1947. Extensive study of self-organization began in the late 1950’s for the purpose of discovering new principles permitting the construction of equipment with a high level of reliability and the designing of computers capable of modeling various aspects of human mental activity. The investigation of the problems of self-organization has become one of the chief ways in which the ideas and methods of cybernetics, information theory, and systems theory enter biological and social knowledge.

REFERENCES

Braines, S. N., and A. V. Napalkov. “Nekotorye voprosy teorii samoor-ganizuiushchikhsia sistem.” Voprosyfilosofii, 1959, no. 6.
Samoorganizuiushchiesia sistemy. Moscow, 1964. (Translated from English.)
Printsipy samoorganizatsii. Moscow, 1966. (Translated from English.)
Kremianskii, V. I. Strukturnye urovni zhivoi materii. Moscow, 1969.
Prigozhin, A. I. Sotsiologicheskie aspekty upravleniia. Moscow, 1974.
Self-organizing Systems. Washington, 1962.
Form by, J. An Introduction to the Mathematical Formulation of Self-organizing Systems. London, 1965.

B. G. IUDIN

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No references found	Stronach, 77, is famous for his catchy phrases and his rejection of anything which comes close to workers' self-organisation, let alone unions. Magna's founder faces deal of his lifetime: the Opel takeover by Gulf News (United Arab Emirates) Ao Architectures will support critical structures and functions observed in biological systems such as connectivity, hierarchical organisation, core component circuitry, competitive self-organisation, and modulatory/reinforcement systems. IBM gets US$16 million to bolster its brain-on-a-chip technology by Computer News Middle East Within the shell of the old: Essays on workers' self-organisation. The best way to protect jobs in auto is to stop making cars by Fitz, Don; Kaminski, Tim / Synthesis/Regeneration	self-furring nail Self-Government self-hardening steel self-heal self-healing dielectric breakdown self-healing network Self-Heating self-help group Self-Identical Truth self-ignition temperature self-impedance self-incompatibility self-incrimination self-induced transparency self-induced vibration self-inductance Self-Induction Self-Learning System self-leveling sealant self-loading self-locking nut self-locking screw Self-Motion self-noise self-optimizing communications self-organisation Self-Organization self-organized criticality self-organizing function Self-Organizing System Self-Oscillations Self-Perfecting self-phase modulation self-poisoning Self-Pollination Self-Portrait self-powered hub self-propelled Self-Propelled Artillery Self-Propelled Chassis Self-Propelled Gun Self-Propelled Welder self-pulsing self-quenched detector self-quenching oscillator self-reading leveling rod self-reduction self-reference Self-Regulation self-repair self-rescuer	Self-murder Self-murder Self-murderer Self-mutilation Self-mutilation Self-mutilation self-mutilation restraint Self-Mutilation Syndrome Self-mutilator Self-mutilator Self-mutilator Self-Myofascial Release Self-Myofascial Release Techniques self-neglect self-neglect Self-neglecting self-noise Self-Noise Ignition Device self-nursing Self-objectification self-observation self-observed therapy Self-one self-opinion self-opinionated Self-opinioned Self-Optimized Prediction Method self-optimizing communications self-ordained Self-Ordered Pointing Task self-organisation Self-organisation system Self-organisation system Self-organisation systems Self-organisation systems Self-organise Self-organise Self-organised Self-organised Self-organised criticality Self-Organised Nano-Structures Self-organising Self-organising Self-Organising Low-Dimensional Electronic Structures Self-organising system Self-organising system Self-organising systems Self-organising systems self-organization self-organization Self-Organization and Adaptation of Computing and Communications Self-Organization in Multi-Agent Systems Self-Organization in Pervasive Distributed Systems Self-Organization of the European Information Society Self-organization system Self-organization system Self-organization systems Self-organization systems Self-Organization-Oriented Computing Self-organize Self-organize

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Stronach, 77, is famous for his catchy phrases and his rejection of anything which comes close to workers' self-organisation, let alone unions.

Magna's founder faces deal of his lifetime: the Opel takeover by Gulf News (United Arab Emirates)

Ao Architectures will support critical structures and functions observed in biological systems such as connectivity, hierarchical organisation, core component circuitry, competitive self-organisation, and modulatory/reinforcement systems.

IBM gets US$16 million to bolster its brain-on-a-chip technology by Computer News Middle East

Within the shell of the old: Essays on workers' self-organisation.

The best way to protect jobs in auto is to stop making cars by Fitz, Don; Kaminski, Tim / Synthesis/Regeneration

self-healing dielectric breakdown