Shorthorn (redirected from shorthorns)

Shorthorn

 or Durham

Blocky, short-horned breed of beef cattle developed in the late 18th century by crossbreeding of local cattle in the county of Durham, Eng. Colour can be white, solid or white-marked red, or roan. The Shorthorn is the only roan-coloured modern cattle breed. It is popular throughout the world. Special strains include the Milking, or Dairy, Shorthorn, raised for milk and beef, and the Polled Shorthorn, a hornless variety.

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Shorthorn

A disparaging reference to the Vista version of Windows, which was code-named Longhorn. It was coined in 2004 when Microsoft announced it would not include the advanced WinFS storage subsystem. Although Vista was released with a host of new features, many users anticipated that WinFS would be one of the most significant enhancements. See Windows Vista and WinFS.

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shorthorn

a short-horned breed of cattle with several regional varieties

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Shorthorn 

a beef and dual-purpose (beef and dairy) breed of cattle. The Shorthorn was developed in the 18th century in Great Britain by improving local short-horned cattle, by crossing with Dutch and the Galloway breeds, and by selection, first for meat qualities and in the mid-19th century also for dairy qualities.

There are two types of Shorthorn: beef and dual-purpose. The coloring is various shades of red, as well as white and roan. Bulls weigh 850 to 950 kg (up to 1,200 kg), and cows, 500 to 600 kg (up to 750 kg); young reared for meat weigh 400 to 420 kg by one year of age. The yield of dressed meat is 66 to 67 percent. The meat is tender and marbled. The milk yield of dual-purpose cows is 3,500 to 4,000 kg, sometimes reaching 14,000 kg; the fat content of the milk is 3.7 to 3.9 percent. Shorthorn bulls are widely used for commercial crossbreeding with cows of various dairy breeds. Shorthorns were first imported into Russia in the 19th century and were used to develop the Bestuzhev and later the Kurgan breeds.

Shorthorns are raised in the countries of Europe and North and South America (in the USA the Santa Gertrudis breed was developed using Shorthorns) and in Australia and New Zealand; in the USSR, they are raised in Orenburg, Voronezh, Tiumen’, and Rostov oblasts and in the Bashkir ASSR.

REFERENCES

Shortgornskii skot i ego metisy v SSSR. Moscow, 1936. (Collection of articles.)
Rukovodstvo po razvedeniiu zhivotnykh, vol. 3, book 1. Moscow, 1965. (Translated from German.)
Skotovodstvo. Edited by E. A. Arzumanian. Moscow, 1970.

B. V. FANDEEV