skimmer

skimmer, common name for certain sea birds resembling the related tern. Skimmers (genus Rhynchops) have long, laterally compressed bills of which the lower mandible is one fourth longer than the movable upper mandible. This bill is adapted to their technique of skimming the water's surface to catch the shrimp and small fish that form their diet. Skimmers are gregarious and partly nocturnal; their sensitive eyes narrow to slits while they roost during the day. The black skimmer, R. nigra (black back and white belly), the largest (20 in./50 cm) of the family and the only American member, is found on the Atlantic coast of North America and on both coasts of South America. Skimmers are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Charadriiformes, family Rhynchopidae.

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skimmer

Any of three species (family Rynchopidae) of waterbirds having a red bladelike bill, with the lower mandible longer than the upper. Skimmers live chiefly in estuaries and along wide rivers in warm regions. At twilight, they skim calm, shallow water with the open bill tip submerged; when a fish or crustacean is hit, the upper mandible snaps down. Skimmers are dark above with white underparts, face, and forehead, red legs, and black wings. The American black skimmer (Rynchops nigra) grows to 20 in. (50 cm) long.

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skimmer [′skim·ər]

(vertebrate zoology)

Any of various ternlike birds, members of the Rhynchopidae, that inhabit tropical waters around the world and are unique in having the knifelike lower mandible substantially longer than the wider upper mandible.