Spinal Animal

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Spinal Animal

in physiological studies, an animal, usually a frog, dog, or cat, whose spinal cord has been transected, thus cutting off communication with the brain. As a result of the severance of the spinal cord, the parts of an animal’s body innervated by fibers extending from segments of the spinal cord situated below the transected portion can function reflexively only in response to impulses reaching these segments. A spinal animal can live a long time if the transection is made below the fifth or sixth cervical segments, that is, if it does not cause the nerve cells of the spinal cord that innervate the respiratory musculature to become disconnected from the respiratory center. The examination of reflexes in a spinal animal is important in studying the general mechanisms of reflex activity in vertebrate animals and in understanding the phenomena that follow injury to the spinal cord in man.

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No references found			Direct bladder stimulation with suture electrodes promotes voiding in a spinal animal model: A technical report. Effective methods of pelvic plexus nerve and bladder stimulation in ... by Bresler, Larissa; Walter, James S.; Jahoda, Andrew; Wheeler, John S.; Turk, Thomas; Wurster, Robert / Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development			spin-decelerating moment spin-density wave spin-dependent force spin-dryer spin-flip laser spin-flip scattering spin-lattice interaction spin-lattice relaxation Spin-Orbit Coupling spin-orbit multiplet spin-parity spin-polarized atomic hydrogen spin-polarized low-energy electron diffraction spin-spin energy Spin-Spin Interaction spin-spin relaxation spin-up spina spina bifida spina bifida occulta Spina, Pietro spinacene spinach Spinacia spinal anesthesia Spinal Animal spinal column Spinal Cord spinal foramen spinal ganglion Spinal Nerve spinal puncture Spinal Reflex spinal tap spincasting Spindle spindle and whorl spindle fiber Spindle of Cell Division spindle sander Spindle Tree spindle tuber spindlework spindrift Spine spine wall spine-chiller Spined Loach spinel spineless Spinello di Luca Spinelli			spinal spinal & bulbar muscular atrophy Spinal (Killer Instinct) spinal abscess spinal abscess spinal accessory spinal accessory spinal accessory Spinal accessory nerve Spinal accessory nerve Spinal accessory nerve Spinal accessory nerve Spinal accessory nerve Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy Spinal accessory nerves Spinal adjustment spinal anaesthesia spinal anaesthesia spinal anaesthetic spinal analgesia spinal analgesia spinal analgesia Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, X-Linked 1 spinal anesthesia spinal anesthesia spinal anesthesia spinal anesthesia spinal anesthesia illusion spinal anesthetic Spinal Animal spinal aperture spinal arachnoid spinal arachnoid spinal arachnoid spinal arteries spinal arteries spinal arteries spinal arteries spinal artery spinal artery, anterior spinal artery, anterior spinal artery, anterior spinal artery, anterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery, posterior spinal ataxia spinal ataxia spinal ataxia spinal atrophy spinal atrophy spinal atrophy spinal atrophy Spinal bifida Spinal bifida Spinal bifida spinal block spinal block spinal block

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