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spoliation
(redirected from spoliator)

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Legal 0.01 sec.
spoliation
1. the authorized seizure or plundering of neutral vessels on the seas by a belligerent state in time of war
2. Law the material alteration of a document so as to render it invalid
3. English ecclesiastical law the taking of the fruits of a benefice by a person not entitled to them


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Sanctions can range from the award of fees and expenses to the adverse party, to exclusion of arguments or evidence, to adverse jury instructions, to outright dismissal of the suit or entry of default judgment against the spoliator.
The most popular test requires that the spoliator (1) have a duty to preserve, (2) have a culpable state of mind, and (3) that the destroyed evidence was relevant to the opponent's claims or defenses.
Notwithstanding the apparent broad application that an independent cause of action would encompass, the Court opined that where the Plaintiff can establish that the spoliator had a legal or contractual duty to refrain from spoliation, tort liability can arise.
 
 
 
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