Substitution

substitution [‚səb·stə′tü·shən]

(psychology)

A defense mechanism whereby an unattainable or unacceptable goal, emotion, or object is replaced by one that is more attainable or acceptable.

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substitution

A material or process offered in lieu of, and as being equivalent to, a specified material or process.

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Substitution

Arsinoë

put her own son in place of Orestes; her son was killed and Orestes was saved. [Gk. Myth.: Zimmerman, 32]

Barabbas

robber freed in Christ’s stead. [N.T.: Matthew 27:15–18; Swed. Lit.: Barabbas]

Canty, Tom

young beggar takes to throne in prince’s stead. [Am. Lit.: The Prince and the Pauper]

Edward, Prince of Wales

kingling becomes urchin in clothing exchange. [Am. Lit.: The Prince and the Pauper]

George, Tobey

after Marcus’s death, replaces him in his family. [Am. Lit.: The Human Comedy]

Hagar

thinking herself barren, Sarah offers slave to Abraham. [O.T.: Genesis 16:1–4]

Leah

deceptively substituted for Rachel in Jacob’s bed. [O.T.: Genesis 29:22–25]

whipping boy

surrogate sufferer for delinquent prince. [Eur. Hist.: Brewer Note-Book, 942]

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Substitution 

(law), in a will, the naming of a second heir, called a substitute heir. In Soviet law—for example, in Article 536 of the Civil Code of the RSFSR—a substitute heir can accede to an inheritance only if the first heir dies before the opening of the inheritance or does not accept the inheritance. In several other socialist countries, such as Hungary and Poland, legislation provides for substitution. In Poland, the law of inheritance allows substitution not only with respect to an heir ex testamento but also with respect to an heir ab intestato (art. 963 of the Civil Code).