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synecdoche

   Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.04 sec.
synecdoche (sĭnĕk`dəkē), figure of speech, a species of metaphor metaphor [Gr.,=transfer], in rhetoric, a figure of speech in which one class of things is referred to as if it belonged to another class. Whereas a simile states that A is like B, a metaphor states that A is B or substitutes B
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, in which a part of a person or thing is used to designate the whole—thus, "The house was built by 40 hands" for "The house was built by 20 people." See metonymy metonymy (mĭtŏn`əmē)
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The symbol of Jefferson as metonym and synecdoche for freedom and whiteness is continually wagered against Hemings as symbol of black abjection, but can we permit ourselves as a nation to consider Hemings's humanity and the violence of slavery?
The twelve diamond rings--"two on three fingers of each hand" (20)--function as a synecdoche of Christine.
The saeculum (whence "secular") stands as synecdoche in Christian thought for the field of blood and exploitation and suffering and death that is human history without Christ (I commend to Wood a close reading of Augustine's City of God for an ancient depiction of this--one utterly relevant to today).
 
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