teleology (redirected from teleological)

teleology (tĕl'ēŏl`əjē, tē'lē–), in philosophy, term applied to any system attempting to explain a series of events in terms of ends, goals, or purposes. It is opposed to mechanism, the theory that all events may be explained by mechanical principles of causation. Aristotle argued that all nature reflects the purposes of an immanent final cause. Frequently, teleologists have identified purpose in the universe with God's will. The teleological argument for the existence of God holds that order in the world could not be accidental and that since there is design there must be a designer. A more recent evolutionary view finds purpose in the higher levels of organic life but holds that it is not necessarily based in any transcendent being.

Bibliography

See P. C. Gasson, Theory of Design (1973); N. Rescher, ed., Current Issues in Teleology (1986).

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teleology

Causality in which the effect is explained by an end (Greek, telos) to be realized. Teleology thus differs essentially from efficient causality, in which an effect is dependent on prior events. Aristotle's account of teleology declared that a full explanation of anything must consider its final cause—the purpose for which the thing exists or was produced. Following Aristotle, many philosophers have conceived of biological processes as involving the operation of a guiding end. Modern science has tended to appeal only to efficient causes in its investigations. See also mechanism.

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teleology

1. Philosophy

a. the doctrine that there is evidence of purpose or design in the universe, and esp that this provides proof of the existence of a Designer

b. the belief that certain phenomena are best explained in terms of purpose rather than cause

c. the systematic study of such phenomena

2. Biology the belief that natural phenomena have a predetermined purpose and are not determined by mechanical laws

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teleology [‚tē·lē′äl·ə·jē]

(science and technology)

The doctrine that explanations of phenomena are to be sought in terms of final causes, purpose, or design in nature.