a chain reaction involving unsaturated compounds (monomers) and a substance that acts to propagate the reaction chain. Telomerization produces a mixture of chemical species (telomers) having different molecular weights. The molecules of the products are constructed of monomeric units M, and the products’ end groups are fragments A and B from the propagating substance. Telomerization is described by the general equation:
This type of reaction is a special case of polymerization.
Of the monomers used in telomerization, the most thoroughly investigated are ethylene, α-olefins, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, perfluoroethylene, allyl and acrylic compounds, dienes, and diene derivatives. Among the compounds that act as propagating substances are CC14, CHC13, and RCBr2COOCH3. Telomerization is initiated by peroxides, azo compounds, transition-metal compounds, strong mineral and aprotic acids, and alkali metals.
Telomerization underlies processes for synthesizing large-ring lactones (perfumes), ω-amino acids, and higher carboxylic acids.
REFERENCES
Freidlina, R. Kh. “Radikal’naia telomerizatsiia.” In the collection Uspekhi khimii polimerov. Moscow, 1966. (With others.)Petrov, A. A., and M. L. Genusov. Ionnaia telomerizatsiia. [Leningrad] 1968.
Starks, C. M. Free Radical Telomerization. New York-London, 1974.
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