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Trepanation

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Trepanation 

(also trephination), in medicine, the surgical section of the medullary cavity of a bone. The operation is performed with special instruments, including a trephine (or crown saw), forceps, and gouges. In former usage, “trepanation” referred only to the surgical opening of the cranial cavity to remove a brain tumor or hematoma, for example, or to apply a ligature to an injured vessel. In modern medical practice, trepanation is also performed on the tubular bones in cases of osteomyelitis, and on the mastoid in mastoiditis. Dental trepanation is the surgical formation of an opening through the gum and bone of a tooth. Corneal trepanation is the surgical cutting of the sclera. Trepanation is also used for the withdrawal of bone marrow for examination, as in sternal biopsy.



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She told me I'd have to fork out all of pounds 20 for this darned bit of plastic technology, which I wanted as much as a touch of amateur trepanation.
Among these were several pierced skulls, alluding to the practice of trepanation, an age-old surgical procedure to exorcise evil spirits; today it is still (although rarely) practiced, particularly in certain subcultures, as a means of attaining a higher level of consciousness.
 
 
 
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