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vaccine
(redirected from typhoid vaccine)

    Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Medical, Wikipedia, Hutchinson 0.04 sec.

vaccine

Preparation containing either killed or weakened live microorganisms or their toxins, introduced by mouth, by injection, or by nasal spray to stimulate production of antibodies against an infectious agent. This confers immunity to that agent, since the B lymphocytes remain sensitized to it and respond to later infection by producing more antibodies. The first vaccine, against smallpox, was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1798. Vaccines have been developed against diseases caused by bacteria (e.g., typhoid, whooping cough, tuberculosis) and by viruses (e.g., measles, influenza, rabies, poliomyelitis). Effectiveness varies, and a small percentage of people have adverse reactions. Those with immunodeficiency disorders should not receive live vaccines.
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? Mentioned in ? References in periodicals archive
 
An outbreak of typhoid fever, Xing-An County, People's Republic of China, 1999: estimation of the field effectiveness of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine.
Salmonella Paratyphi A rates, Asia by Clemens, John D. / Emerging Infectious Diseases
A study of Vietnamese children 2 to 5 years old now provides the best showing ever for a typhoid vaccine, says study coauthor Feng Ying C.
Novel typhoid vaccine surpasses old ones by Seppa, N. / Science News
Cholera and typhoid vaccines, on the other hand, are much less effective, and good treatments are available for these diseases.
Experts' forum by Castro, Miranda / Mothering
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