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tsar |
Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus, Acronyms, Wikipedia, Hutchinson | 0.03 sec. |
tsaror czarByzantine or Russian emperor. The title, derived from caesar, was used in the Middle Ages to refer to a supreme ruler, particularly the Byzantine emperor. With the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, the Russian monarch became the only remaining Orthodox monarch, and the Russian Orthodox clergy considered him a possible new supreme head of Orthodox Christianity. Ivan IV (the Terrible) was the first to be crowned tsar, in 1547. Though theoretically wielding absolute power, he and his successors were limited by the power of the Orthodox church, the Boyar Council, and the successive legal codes of 1497, 1550, and 1649. In 1721 Peter I changed his title to “Emperor of All Russia,” but he and his successors continued to be popularly called tsars. tsar, czar 1. (until 1917) the emperor of Russia 2. Informal a public official charged with responsibility for dealing with a certain problem or issue 3. (formerly) any of several S Slavonic rulers, such as any of the princes of Serbia in the 14th century How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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This accusation is echoed by the RAA, which claims that the old churches in Karvajar district were turned into quarries, and bits and pieces can now be found inside the walls of public buildings like the school in the town of Tzar. John Jackson, who went inside to present his diplomatic credentials to Prince Ferdinand, who later became the Tzar. The specifications released in December were a private publication, not a part of the Web services security work going on in OASIS," notes Ed Reed, Security Tzar at Novell, which currently supports Project Liberty. |
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