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voluntarism |
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voluntarismMetaphysical or psychological system that assigns a more predominant role to the will (Latin, voluntas) than to the intellect. Christian philosophers who have been described as voluntarist include St. Augustine, John Duns Scotus, and Blaise Pascal. A metaphysical voluntarism was propounded in the 19th century by Arthur Schopenhauer, who took will to be the single, unconscious force behind all of reality and all ideas of reality. An existentialist voluntarism was present in Friedrich Nietzsche's doctrine of the overriding “will to power” whereby man would eventually recreate himself as “superman.” And a pragmatic voluntarism is evident in William James's conception of knowledge and truth in terms of purpose and practical ends. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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According to Professor Payne, it is anticommunist, antiliberal and anticonservative; it has "the goal of empire or a radical change in the nation's relationship with other powers"; it espouses an "idealist, voluntarist creed, normally involving the attempt to realize a new form of modern, self-determined, secular culture"; and it has a "specific tendency toward an authoritarian, charismatic, personal style of command, whether or not the command is to some degree initially elective. A critical feminist perspective might suggest, alternately, that rather than deploy longevity as a premise upon which voluntarist narratives of interracial sex and romance can be constructed, we consider it an invitation to question the possible extent of Hemings's subjection on multiple psychological and physical levels. The book demonstrates with concrete examples the pernicious nature of voluntarist and subjective decisions, specifically, in respect of the Navy, that were accepted when Nikita Khrushchev ruled the country. |
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