western equine encephalomyelitis definition of western equine encephalomyelitis in the Free Online Encyclopedia.

encephalomyelitis [en¦sef·ə·lō‚mī·ə′līd·əs]

(medicine)

Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord.

Encephalomyelitis

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord as a result of infection by neurotropic viruses (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis) or as a complication of other infectious diseases, for example, measles, chicken pox, or rubella. Some cases of encephalomyelitis develop after vaccination against rabies, smallpox, and certain other diseases (postvaccinal encephalomyelitis). The inflammation may also involve the cerebrospinal roots and the peripheral nerves (encephalomyelopolyradiculoneuritis), the optic nerve or other cranial nerves (neuromyelitis optica), and the meninges (meningoencephalomyelitis).

The course of encephalomyelitis is most often acute. Symptoms include elevated body temperature, muscle pain, and various neurological symptoms (paralysis, disruption of sensitivity and motor coordination). Severe cases are marked by trophic disturbances (bedsores) and sepsis. After the acute stage, there may be residual symptoms, including paresis and disturbances of sensitivity. Treatment of encephalomyelitis is the same as for encephalitis. (See.)

REFERENCES

Neirovirusnye infektsii. Leningrad, 1954.
Panov, A. G., and A. P. Zinchenko. Diagnostika rasseiannogo skleroza ientsefalomielita. Leningrad, 1970.

V. A. KARLOV

Encephalomyelitis

an enzootic viral disease of fur-bearing animals and swine in which the central nervous system is infected. Primarily young animals are affected. The disease occurs among fur-bearing animals in the USA and has been registered in the USSR. Teschen disease (porcine encephalomyelitis) afflicts swine in Central and Western Europe.

The causative agent of encephalomyelitis in fur-bearing animals is a neurotrophic virus; that of Teschen disease is an RNA-containing virus. Young animals are more susceptible to the disease than adults. Among fur-bearing animals, those that are afflicted include the young of foxes, including arctic foxes, and sables. Among swine, it is mainly sucklings, weaned piglets, and young being fattened that are affected.

The causative agents of the disease are introduced into the environment primarily with the saliva and nasal mucus of sick animals; in swine, it is also introduced with the feces and other excretions. Fur-bearing animals become infected through the breathing passages, while swine are infected through the respiratory and digestive tracts. The basic symptoms of the disease in fur-bearing animals include an unsteady walk, falling, convulsive attacks, the appearance of foam on the lips, and the transition from anxiety to the depressed state.

If the infection is acute, the animal dies in three to four days. Less acute cases are accompanied by a loss of appetite and diarrhea, sometimes with discharge of blood. In symptomless cases there may be abortions or the birth of nonviable young. In swine the stage of anxiety is followed by the paralysis of the extremities and of many groups of muscles. In acute cases up to 90 percent of the sick animals die; in subacute cases, up to 40 percent; and in chronic cases, up to 20 percent.

The treatment of fur bearing animals has little effect. No successful means of treating swine has been developed. In order to avoid spreading of encephalomyelitis to fur farms, animals arriving there are quarantined for one month; at swine farms the animals are inoculated with a live virus culture vaccine. When cases of the disease are discovered, and when the course of the disease is subacute, fur-bearing animals are isolated and treated with hyperimmune serum. During the winter they are slaughtered for fur. When cases of the disease are discovered in swine the entire herd is slaughtered. The meat of animals that are suspected to have the disease is processed for canning or for boiled sausage. The carcasses of sick swine or the wastes from slaughter are destroyed.

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No references found	A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of eastern and western equine encephalomyelitis viruses with those of other alphaviruses and related RNA viruses. Molecular epidemiology of eastern equine encephalitis virus, New York by Young, David S.; Kramer, Laura D.; Maffei, Joseph G.; Dusek, Robert J.; Backenson, P. Bryon; Mores, / Emerging Infectious Diseases Method of infection does not alter response of chicks and house finches to western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus transmission and effect on ... by Weaver, Scott C. / Emerging Infectious Diseases Historically, Western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Acute encephalitis hospitalizations, California, 1990-1999: ... by Trevejo, Rosalie T. / Emerging Infectious Diseases	westerly wave Westermann, William Linn Westermarck, Edward Westermarck, Edward Alexander western Western Alps Western American Subregion Western Australia Western Baboon Western blotting Western Byelorussia Western Canada Wilderness Committee Western Cape Western Carpathians Western Caucasus Western Channel Western Desert Western Digital Western Digital Corporation Western Dvina Western Dvina River Western Electric Co. Inc. Western Empire Western Equatorial Countercurrent Western equine encephalitis western equine encephalomyelitis Western European Union Western Federation of Miners western frame western framing Western Gateway Heritage State Park Western Ghats western hemisphere western hemlock Western Heritage Historic Byway Western Indian bronze Western Isles western larch Western Michigan University Western National Parks Association Western Ontario, University Western Ontario, University of Western Pacific Geosynclinal Belt Western Pontic Mountains Western Province Western Proving Ground western red cedar Western Reserve Western Rumanian Mountains Western Sahara Western Sakhalin Mountains	Western Electric Co. Inc. Western Electric Company Western Electric Corporation Western Electricity Coordinating Council Western Electronic Product Stewardship Initiative Western Electronics Manufacturers Association Western Elmore County Recreation District Western Emperor Western Empire Western Empire Western Empire Volleyball Association Western Energy and Land Use Team Western Energy Institute Western Energy Training Center Western Engine and Model Exhibition Western Engineering Competition Western Engineering Conference and Competition Western Engineering Student Society Team Western Environmental Law Center Western Environmental Radiation Laboratory Western Environmental Technology Office Western Equatorial Countercurrent Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean Climate Studies Western equine encephalitis Western equine encephalitis Western equine encephalitis Western equine encephalitis virus Western equine encephalitis virus Western equine encephalitis virus western equine encephalomyelitis Western equine encephalomyelitis virus Western equitation Western equitation Western equitation Western Europe Western Europe Daylight Western europe during the cold war Western europe during the cold war Western europe during the cold war Western Europe EDIFACT Western Europe Standard Time Western Europe Working Australian Shepherd Club Western Europe, North America, Oceania Western European Western European and Other States Western European and Others Group Western European Armaments Group Western European Armaments Group Western European Armaments Group Western European Armaments Organisation Western European Armaments Organisation Western European Armaments Organisation Western European Armaments Organization Western European Armaments Organization Western European Association for Aviation Psychology Western European Calibration Cooperation Western European Dark Ages Western European Dark Ages Western European Geological Surveys Western European Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation

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A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of eastern and western equine encephalomyelitis viruses with those of other alphaviruses and related RNA viruses.

Molecular epidemiology of eastern equine encephalitis virus, New York by Young, David S.; Kramer, Laura D.; Maffei, Joseph G.; Dusek, Robert J.; Backenson, P. Bryon; Mores, / Emerging Infectious Diseases

Method of infection does not alter response of chicks and house finches to western equine encephalomyelitis and St.

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus transmission and effect on ... by Weaver, Scott C. / Emerging Infectious Diseases

Historically, Western equine encephalomyelitis and St.

Acute encephalitis hospitalizations, California, 1990-1999: ... by Trevejo, Rosalie T. / Emerging Infectious Diseases

westerly wave

Westermann, William Linn

Westermarck, Edward

Westermarck, Edward Alexander

western

Western Alps

Western American Subregion