And during aerobic exposure, LAB still could grow 4-5 days because several strains were classified as
aerotolerant anaerobes, such as L.
Aerotolerant Clostridium tertium brain abscess following a lawn dart injury.
Strains that did not survive aerobic shaking at 200 rpm for 12 h were considered oxygen sensitive; those that survived for [approximately equal to]12-24 h were classified as
aerotolerant, and those that survived for >24 h were classified as hyperaerotolerant (Figure 1).
Lactobacilli are facultative anaerobic (
aerotolerant) bacteria that produce lactic acid via the fermentation of glucose.
The Clostridium genus is comprised of mostly Gram-positive, variably spore-forming anaerobic to
aerotolerant rods in pairs or short chains.
As inflammation usually drives an oxidative state, it might favor the outgrowth of
aerotolerant phyla such as Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the gut, one example is the murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium [135].
To elucidate the ecological effect of high oral doses of specific gut-indigenous bacterial strains on other commensals early in life, here we conducted a preliminary culture-based study to quantify the effect of an aerobic (
aerotolerant anaerobe with remarkably optimal growth at room air) gut-indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain (which we previously isolated from calves with the most potent inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and F5 and ability to survive acidic conditions and high bile salt concentrations; see [9]) on the clinical health and gut lactobacilli and coliform populations in the feces and intestinal mucosa of newborn bottle-fed calves, given the clinical relevance of mucosa-associated microbiota [10].
All LAB grow anaerobically, but unlike most anaerobes, they grow in the presence of [O.sub.2] as "
aerotolerant anaerobes" [9].
P freudenreichii is an
aerotolerant organism which cannot use oxygen for growth but can tolerate its presence.
It is an anaerobic organism but is
aerotolerant, even expressing the ability to employ oxidative phosphorylation for energy conservation.
Clostridium septicum is a large, Gram-positive,
aerotolerant, gas-producing bacillus with subterminal spores.