Beowulf
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Beowulf
Bibliography
See The Beowulf Poet: A Collection of Critical Essays, ed. by D. K. Fry (1968); studies by K. Sisam (1965), J. C. Pope (rev. ed. 1966), E. B. Irving (1968), R. Girvan and R. Bruce-Mitford (1971), K. S. Kiernan (1981), W. F. Bolston (1982), and J. D. Ogilvy and D. C. Baker (1986).
Beowulf
a literary monument; an ancient Anglo-Saxon epic.
The first part of Beowulf tells how Beowulf, the champion of the king of the Geatas (a Scandinavian tribe in southern Sweden), freed Denmark from a monster. In the second part, Beowulf, who has ruled the Geatas for 50 years, kills a dragon threatening the country and then dies. The poem has been preserved in a single manuscript written in Old English at the beginning of the tenth century. Beowulf was based on a popular heroic legend from the sixth century. In the eighth and ninth centuries this legend was reworked by a scribe who introduced a Christian element into it.
REFERENCES
Istoriia angliiskoi literatury, vol. 1, fascicle 1. Moscow-Leningrad, 1943.Chambers, R. W. Beowulf, 3rd ed. Cambridge, 1959.
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Beowulf
Using several small computers to provide the computing power of one large computer. A Beowulf cluster uses several off-the-shelf PCs connected via Ethernet to solve problems that would normally be handled by a supercomputer. Designed for high speed rather than redundancy, the first Beowulf system was developed by a contractor to NASA in the mid-1990s.Unix Based
Unix variants such as Linux and FreeBSD are typically used as the operating system in a Beowulf cluster, and parallel operation is provided by available software in the Unix community that manages message passing and memory. Access to a particular PC in a cluster is provided by Telnetting to the machine over the network, as most of the PCs in the cluster do not have display adapters.
In order to run effectively in a Beowulf cluster, applications must be able to split the data into parallel chunks that can be acted upon simultaneously. See Telnet, NOW project and Millennium project.