Analysis suggested that for higher Fourier number (lower cycle frequency), relatively low
Biot number is required to get maximum temperature rise.
Figure 17 depicts the effect of
Biot number [[gamma].sub.2] on the nanoparticle concentration.
The
Biot number at the outer surface is specified to be 1.2, while the dimensionless environmental fluid temperature [[theta].sub.[infinity]] and the dimensionless adiabatic surface temperature [[theta].sub.a] are 0.2.
When (Bi = 10),the temperature of fluid at the free surface decreases as the
Biot number increases due to presence a convection cooling.
Biot Number (Bi) = (Heat-transfer coefficient x half the thickness)/thermal conductivity
Similar effect of a decrease in nanofluid temperature is observed in Figure 12 with Cu-water as working nanofluid as the
Biot number increases.
The effects of various flow parameters, namely, the magnetic parameter M, the suction parameter S, the heat absorption parameter [[beta].sub.h], the
Biot number Bi, and the Eckert number Ec on the flow and heat transfer of the dusty fluid are investigated with the help of figures and tables.
The multilayered PCM allows the
Biot number to be varied by changing the layer thickness.
The
Biot number is a critical parameter in understanding the warpage of the FIM part because it includes the effect of thickness and thermal properties of the part.
Then, the
Biot number, Bi, can be obtained from Equation (8) and the surface heat transfer coefficient, h, may be obtained through algebraic manipulation of the definition of the
Biot number, Equation (6).
The
Biot number is often useful for the analysis of conductive-convective heat transfer between a solid surface and a fluid and is the ratio of the thermal resistance of the two media exchanging heat across a surface.
This conclusion is also supported by the fact that the
Biot number for this case is much less than 1 (Bi = 0.023 from Table 4), and as a result, temperature variations inside this extrudate can be neglected.