The DS, healthy men and women neither had systemic diseases nor were on any medication, vitamin or mineral affecting
bone mineralization. The blood calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 OHD) levels of participants were not evaluated before the study.
Regarding nutritional habits, although previous works have shown the relevance of an adequate calcium intake during childhood and adolescence for the prevention of osteoporosis (13,14), some studies indicate that this benefit in
bone mineralization it is not fully conclusive (6,15,16).
Previous studies have suggested that vitamin K promotes
bone mineralization by increasing the carboxylation of osteocalcin, a protein synthesized by osteoblasts, and by affecting calcium balance, a key mineral in bone metabolism.
Osteoblasts are the main functional cells that promote
bone mineralization. Mineralized nodule formation is a symbol of differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts and a morphological manifestation of osteogenesis [53].
Serum magnesium, necessary for adequate parathyroid hormone action, and a fasting serum phosphate, a necessary component along with calcium for normal
bone mineralization, will also be useful.
In an animal study of postmenopause, zinc supplementation led to potent increases in
bone mineralization as well as improvements in overall bone structure.
A vitamin D deficiency causes you to absorb only about 10 to 15 percent of dietary calcium and 50 to 60 percent of dietary phosphorous needed for
bone mineralization and structure.
4) Prevents osteoporosis and osteomalacia: Vitamin D helps in regulating the calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood which is essential for
bone mineralization. Prevents calcium mobilization from the bone into the blood, thus maintaining bone health.
In addition, serum levels of n-3 PUFAs were positively correlated with the
bone mineralization in both mice and human, and the fracture risk was increased by intake of saturated FAs while reduced by intake of n-3 PUFAs [3, 6, 10-12].
Another report showed that FGF23 also had a physiological role in local
bone mineralization, regulating osteopontin indirectly through transcriptional control of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase in a vitamin D- and klotho-independent manner [65].
The researchers also show that heart calcification can be prevented in mice by blocking an enzyme that regulates
bone mineralization with small molecules.