A distributional summary and some behavioral notes for Smith's Longspur,
Calcarius pictus.
For example, McLaughlin and Montgomerie (1985) studied lapland longspurs (
Calcarius lapponicus) to test Norberg's (1981) hypothesis that birds feeding nestlings would fly faster than [V.sub.mr], in order to minimize commuting time.
In late April 2011, photographs of an apparent male snow bunting (Plecirophenax nivalis) x Lapland longspur (
Calcarius lapponicus) hybrid were taken at St.
Nest densities were significantly higher at Teshekpuk than at Prudhoe Bay for Lapland longspurs (
Calcarius lapponicus) and long-billed dowitchers (Limnodromus scolopaceus), although those for semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) were higher at Prudhoe Bay.
In all survey years, snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), Lapland longspur (
Calcarius lapponicus), and Baird's sandpiper (Calidris bairdii) were the most abundant species.
The most commonly observed passerine species appearing at the Chukotka land sites in significant numbers that indicated migratory behaviour were eastern yellow wagtail (Motacilla tschutschensis), American pipit (Anthus rubescens), lapland longspur (
Calcarius lapponicus), snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), common redpoll (Carduelis flammed) and hoary redpoll (C.
Lemmings have been implicated in nest failure in Lapland longspurs (
Calcarius lapponicus) although it is unclear whether they prey on eggs or disrupt nest contents (Custer and Pitelka, 1977).
We evaluated the impact of new (0.5-1.5 years old) and old (10-35 years old) visible seismic lines within the sanctuary on the abundance of breeding passerines (savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis; Lapland longspur,
Calcarius lapponicus; common redpoll, Carduelis flammea: American tree sparrow, Spizella arborea; and red-necked phalarope.
Snowy owl harfang des neiges Nyctea scandiaca 18 Short-eared owl hibou des marais Asio flammeus 29 Common raven grand corbeau Corvus corax 26 Horned lark alouette hausse- Eremophila 82 col alpestris American pipit pipit d'Amerique Anthus rubescens 100 American tree bruant hudsonien Spizella arborea 88 sparrow Savannah sparrow bruant des pres Passerculus 85 sandwichensis White-crowned bruant a couronne Zontrichia 53 sparrow blanche leucophrys Lapland longspur bruant lapon
Calcarius 100 lapponicus Snow bunting bruant des neiges Plectrophenax 26 nivalis Common/hoary sizerin flamme/ Carduelis flammea/ 32 redpoll blanchatre hornemanni TABLE 2.
The most common species within the study area include Lapland longspur (
Calcarius lapponicus), savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), American tree sparrow (Spizella arborea), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), and least sandpiper (Calidris minutilla).
White-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) and red phalarope (Phalaropus fulicarius) were the most abundant shorebirds breeding at Creswell Bay, and Lapland longspur (
Calcarius lapponicus) was the most abundant breeding passerine.
At the comparatively species-rich Dundas Harbour area, a few passerine species were recorded as well, including migrants such as horned lark Eremophila alpestris, northern wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe, lapland longspur
Calcarius lapponicus, and snow bunting.