Initiation is followed by the propagation step with the addition of more monomers to the
carbenium ion in a rapid exothermic reaction.
The propagation step involves H: shift and :CH3 group shift to form tertiary carbenium ion which is more stable and abundantly available during propagation.
The extent of rearrangement during cationic propagation will depend on the relative stabilities of propagating and rearranged carbenium ions and relative rates of propagation and rearrangement.
The cation radical interacts with the free-radicals from PE molecule fragment through electron transfer that to be deoxidized, inducing the formation of
carbenium ions and increasing the reaction course of cationic polymerization.
Ron Childs, FCIC, has an international reputation for his studies of homoaromaticity and thermal and photochemical pericyclic reactions of
carbenium ions.
Akzo has established, from quantum chemical calculations, a rule for judging the charge distribution on
carbenium ions - products of the metabolism of nitrosamines (figure 5).
One very early application of the superacid 100% [H.sub.2.SO.4] was the preparation of stable solutions of aryl
carbenium ions such as the triphenyl
carbenium ion [(C.sub.6.H.sub.5).sub.3.C.sup.+] from the corresponding alcohol.