Once the respondent relation is established, repeated occurrences of the
conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus weaken the S-R relation until the
conditioned stimulus elicits no response.
As mentioned earlier, there was a training session for each pair of participants and a whistle tone as
conditioned stimulus.
For Pavlov, learning was stimulus substitution; the
conditioned stimulus (CS) substituted for the unconditioned stimulus (UCS).
During the final test, rats were allowed to choose between R1 and R2 in the presence and in the absence of each
conditioned stimulus.
Jansen's (1998) cue reactivity theory states that after systematic associations of cues (the
conditioned stimulus, CS) with food (the unconditioned stimulus, US), the CS cues will reliably signal food.
Via imaging technique, researchers could see that some neurons were activated by the saccharine, or the
conditioned stimulus, and the lithium chloride or the unconditioned stimulus activated others.
A transformation of respondently
conditioned stimulus function in accordance with arbitrarily applicable relations.
For example, exposure to glutaraldehyde, a known irritant, is accompanied by an odor that could act as the
conditioned stimulus.
Initially designed to account for variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement in conditioning, the model was intended to explain variations in the strength of an associative link between a
conditioned stimulus and a reinforcer (pavlovian conditioning) or between an action and its outcome (operant conditioning).
A possible explanation for these results starts out from considering that the DS, in turn, can acquire
conditioned stimulus functions (that is, could function as a conditioned reinforcer), increasing the response rate in its presence (Williams & Dunn, 1991).
Experiment 2 demonstrated that similar effects could be found with true statements serving as the
conditioned stimulus as well as false statements.
One conditioned taste aversion experiment with rats assessed the impact of extinguishing a target
conditioned stimulus (CS), S, in compound with a second CS, A, upon conditioned responding elicited by CS S when presented alone at test.
