Xu, "Application of a novel IWO to the design of encoding sequences for
DNA computing," Computers & Mathematics with Applications, vol.
The novelty of this paper is threefold: (1) it is a good attempt to integrate fractional-order hyperchaotic system and
DNA computing to enhance the security of image encryption; (2) the simple pixel diffusion can spread the little change in one pixel to all other pixels; (3) several permutation operations performed at different levels can further improve the security.
It is a universal
DNA computing model which can be realized in biology.
With the development of
DNA computing, some researchers have proposed algorithms based on DNA sequences for the operations of addition and subtraction, based on the basic principles of binary addition and subtraction [9,10].
In the first experiments on
DNA computing, scientists focused on NP-problems.
DNA Computing: Foundations and Implications for Computer Science.
DNA computing can be successfully combined with other bioinspired computing techniques as the evolutionary computing, quantum computing, particle swam optimization, and others [14].
DNA computing is an inter-disciplinary area concerned with the use of DNA molecules for the implementation of computational processes.
In 1999, a new model of
DNA computing (sticker model) was introduced by Roweis et al.
[9.] Xing Wang and Qiang Zhang,
DNA computing based Cryptography, Fourth International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing, 2009.
Tenth International Meeting on
DNA Computing (DNA10), Milano, Italy.
Although DNA has been used for encryption in the past, this is the first experimental demonstration of a molecular cryptosystem of images based on
DNA computing. Instead of using traditional computer hardware, a group led by Professor Ehud Keinan of Scripps Research and the Technion created a computing system using bio-molecules.