Diesel Fuel
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diesel fuel
[′dē·zəl ‚fyül] (materials)
Fuel used for internal combustion in diesel engines; usually that fraction of crude oil that distills after kerosine.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.
Diesel Fuel
a liquid petroleum fuel used in diesel engines. Two groups of diesel fuels are produced: distillate low-viscosity fuels used in high-speed boosted diesels and high-viscosity residual fuels used in slow-speed diesels.
Distillate diesel fuels are produced by using kerosine-gas-oil fractions from direct petroleum refining and to some degree (up to 20 percent) gas oils from catalytic cracking. Fuel for slow-speed diesels is produced from a mixture of fuel oils and the kerosine-gas-oil fractions of petroleum.
| Table 1. Distillate fuels | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel | Viscosity at 20°C (centistokes)1 | Centane number | Sulfur content (percent) | Congealing temperature (°C) | Flash point (°C) |
| 1 1 stoke = 10 m2/sec * Viscosity at 50°C | |||||
| Motor vehicle and tractor fuels | |||||
| Low sulfur content: DA (arctic)............... | 2.5-4.0 | 40 | 0.2 | -60 | 35 |
| DZ (winter)............... | 3.5-6.0 | 40 | 0.2 | -45 | 50 |
| DL (summer)............... | 3.5-8.0 | 45 | 0.2 | -10 | 60 |
| DS (special)............... | 2.5-4.0 2 | 50 | 0.2 | -15 | 90 |
| High sulfur content: A (arctic)............... | 1.5-2.5 | 45 | 0.4 | -55 | 30 |
| Z (winter)............... | 2.2-3.2 | 45 | 0.6 | -35 | 35 |
| L (summer)............... | 3.0-6.0 | 45 | 1.0 | -10 | 40 |
| S (special)............... | 4.5-6.0 | 50 | 1.0 | -15 | 90 |
| Locomotive and ship engine fuels | |||||
| TZ (winter)............... | 2.2-5.0 | 45 | 0.5 | -35 | 40 |
| TL (summer)............... | 3.5-6.5 | 45 | 0.5 | -10 | 65 |
Tables 1 and 2 show the basic properties of diesel fuels produced in the USSR.
| Table 2. Residual fuels | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fuel | Viscosity at 50°C (centistokes) | Cokeability (percent) | Sulfur content (percent) | Congealing temperature (°C) | Flash point (°C) |
| DT............... | 36 | 3.0 | 0.5-1-5 | -5 | 65 |
| DM............... | 150 | 10.0 | 3.0 | 10 | 85 |
REFERENCES
Nefteprodukty: Spravochnik. Edited by B. V. Losikov. Moscow, 1966.Tekhnicheskie usloviia na nefteprodukty. Moscow, 1969.
N. G. PUCHKOV
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.