These case studies are focused on read-across of (un-)branched carboxylic acids for the prediction of microvesicular liver steatosis (CS-1); on the effects of valproic acid analogues regarding their developmental and reproductive toxicity (CS-2); on mitochondrial toxicity effects regarding repeated dose toxicity and developmental and reproductive toxicity (CS-4); and CS-8 is focused on read-across of
diketones as the trigger for the 'Popcorn Lung'.
The other compounds detected in beer are vicinal
diketones, also produced as byproducts of the synthesis pathway of some amino acids during fermentation and diacetyl, that is, more flavour-active than the other, mainly responsible for the buttery flavour in beer [33].
Acylpyrazolone derivatives, mostly known for their use as analytical reagents in the extraction and separation of various metal ions, made possible because of their chelating properties, are a group of bidentate
diketones that have been well researched [7-10].
Among the best methods for pyrazole synthesis is the condensation of 1,3-
diketones with hydrazines in the presence of acids, such as hydrochloric acid [22], sulfuric acid [23] and polystyrene supported sulfuric acid [24].
One of the most important
diketones is diacetyle (butan-2, 3-dione) with sweet buttery and vanilla aroma.
Because diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione, both
diketones, are chemically very similar, Morgan suspected that inhaled 2,3-pentanedione may be toxic to the respiratory tract as well.
Effects of plant antioxidants and natural vicinal
diketones on methane production, studied in vitro with rumen fluid and a polylactate as maintenance substrate.
Among the
diketones available, the most frequently used is camphorquinone (CQ).
A mixture of 3, 4 dimethoxy aldehyde (0.01 M), substituted
diketones (0.01 M) and urea (0.015 M) in methanol was refluxed for 12 hours in presence of few drops of con.
In the light of the information referred to above we made an attempt to obtain
diketones 2 and 3 directly from lactone 1 by hydroboration (Scheme 2).
Grossman, technical director, Synthetic Products Co., reports that key company experiments have revealed the bridging effects of ligands, such as 1, 3
diketones, that hold together different interacting metals, such as barium and zinc.