Ectomesenchyme

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Ectomesenchyme

part of the embryonic connective tissue (mesenchyme) of most multicellular animals and humans. The ectomesenchyme consists of cells of the ectoderm. Almost the entire visceral skeleton, including auditory ossicles and branchial arches, as well as pigment cells and the connective tissue layer of skin, all develop from the ectomesenchyme.

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It proposes that the factors responsible for tooth shape reside within the ectomesenchyme in distinct graded and overlapping fields for each tooth family.

Homeobox genes--the mirror of tooth development

The resultant palatal deficiency is U-shaped not V-shaped and it is considered to be a deformation of tissues with a normal growth potential rather than a malformation of tissues that may have been affected by disturbances of ectomesenchyme or other phenomena at cellular level.

Palatal shelf elevation and fusion depends on fetal neuromuscular activity, growth of the cranial base and mandible, production of extracellular matrix and contractile elements in the palatal shelves, shelf adhesion, PCD of the midline epithelial seam and fusion of the ectomesenchyme between one shelf and another.