Enets

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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Enets

(also Yenisei Samoyed), the language of the Entsi. According to a 1975 estimate, Enets is spoken by 200,000 people, who inhabit the right bank area of the Enisei’s lower course, in the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug (formerly Taimyr [Dolgan-Nenets] National Okrug). Enets belongs to the Samoyed group of the Uralic languages and comprises two widely divergent dialects: Somatu (also Tundra, Khantaika, or Turuk-han Enets) and Pe-bai (also Forest, Baikha, Karasino, or Man-gazeia Enets).

The phonetic features of the Somatu dialect, which distinguish Enets from the other Uralic and neighboring non-Uralic languages, are a predominance of open syllables and an abundance of sequences consisting of two, three, or more vowels. Enets is an agglutinative language with highly developed fusion and stem gradation. In grammar and lexicon it resembles the Nenets and Nganasani languages; this similarity is due to the close affinity of the three languages and to contacts between them. The Pe-bai dialect shows traces of Eniseian influence—for example, the borrowed pronouns for first and second person. Enets has no writing system.

REFERENCES

Prokof’ev, G. N. “Enetskii (eniseisko-samoedskii) dialekt.” In lazyki i pis’mennost’ narodov Severa, part 1. Moscow-Leningrad, 1937.
Tereshchenko, N. M. “Enetskii iazyk.” In lazyki narodov SSSR, vol. 3. Moscow, 1966.
Castrén, M. A. Grammatik der samojedischen Sprachen. St. Petersburg, 1854.

E. A. KHELIMSKII

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2002, On the Enets Evidential Suffixes.--LU XXXVIII, 145-153.

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Mordvin kal 'fish'; Mari kol 'fish'; Mansi kol/%ul/kul 'fish'; Khanty kul/xut'/xul 'fish'; Hungarian hal 'fish'; Nenets Xal'e/kare 'fish'; Enets kade/kare/kare 'fish'; Nganasan kole/kuale/kualle 'fish'; Selkup kel/qel/ qeli/kuel/qeli 'fish'; Kamas kola 'fish'; Mator kele 'fish'.

Rhyme correspondences between Sinitic and Uralic languages: on the example of the finnish -ala and -aja rhymes

Therefore I regard it as possible to suppose that etymologically the Nenets no-, no- does not belong to other North Samoyedic negative auxiliary stems with the secondary initial consonant n- (Nenets ni-, Nganasan ni-, Enets ne-), but is a separately standing independent word no-, no- (< *no-), instead.

Three North Samoyedic prohibitive auxiliaries: nenets no-, no-, nu-, nu-, nganasan ne- and enets i-

He adds that "all Samoyedic languages clearly have a category of unmarked object next to an indicative finite verb, and in three of these: (Tundra) Nenets, Enets and Selkup this form expresses the definiteness or the focus function of the object" (Havas 2008 : 5).

Use of the nominative of Samoyedic substantives as instances of object and attribute/[TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]