Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site

National Parks and Monuments

(table)

National Parks and Monuments

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace	HP	Central Ky.	1916	344.5 (139)	Traditional birthplace cabin in memorial building on site of Lincoln's birthplace.
Acadia	NP	SE Maine	1919	49,075 (19,868)	Mountain and coast scenery.
Adams	HP	E Mass.	1946	23.82 (10)	Home of Presidents John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and other members of the family.
African Burial Ground	MO	SE N.Y.	2006	.35 (.14)	Burial ground for free and enslaved Africans in the 1600s and 1700s.
Agate Fossil Beds	MO	NW Nebr.	1965	3,058 (1,238)	World-famous quarries containing numerous well-preserved Miocene mammal fossils; museum of Native American artifacts.
Agua Fria	MO	Central Ariz.	2000	71,100 (28,796)	A Native American settlement system dating to A.D. 1250–1450, spread over two mesas and the Agua Fria River canyon; more than 450 sites with pueblos, stone forts, and petroglyphs.
Alagnak	WS	SW Alaska	1980	30,665 (12,415)	White water and salmon fishing.
Aleutian Islands World War II	MO	SW Alaska	2019	4,950 (2,004)	World War II sites on three Aleutian Islands.
Alibates Flint Quarries	MO	NW Tex.	1965	1,371 (555)	Flint quarries, first worked by Native Americans c.10,000 years ago; rich archaeological and historic area.
Allegheny Portage Railroad	HS	SW Pa.	1964	1,284 (520)	Inclined-plane railroad that lifted passengers and cargoes of boats on the Pennsylvania Canal over the Allegheny Mts.
American Samoa	NP	American Samoa	1988	13,500 (5,466)	Two rain forest preserves and a coral reef.
Amistad	RA	S Tex.	1965	58,500 (23,693)	U.S. part of Amistad Reservoir, on the Rio Grande.
Andersonville	HS	SW Ga.	1970	516 (209)	Civil War prison camp and national prisoner of war memorial. See under Andersonville.
Andrew Johnson	HS	NE Tenn.	1935	17 (7)	Home, shop, and grave of President Andrew Johnson; site includes Andrew Johnson National Cemetery.
Aniakchak	MR	SW Alaska	1978	601,294 (243,439)	Volcano; wilderness and wildlife preserve.
Antietam	BF	Central Md.	1890	3,231 (1,308)	See Antietam campaign. Antietam (Sharpsburg) National Cemetery adjoins the park.
Apostle Islands	LS	NW Wis.	1970	69,377 (28,078)	Apostle Islands and a strip of the Bayfield Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Superior.
Appalachian	ST	Maine, N.H., Vt., Mass., Conn., N.Y., N.J., Pa., Md., W.Va., Va., Tenn., N.C., Ga.	1968	239,605 (97,006)	See Appalachian Trail.
Appomattox Court House	HP	S central Va.	1930	1,775 (719)	Site of Lee's surrender to Grant. See under Appomattox, Va.
Arches	NP	E Utah	1929	76,679 (31,044)	Giant arches formed by erosion; designated a national park in 1971.
Arkansas Post	MM	SE Ark.	1960	758 (307)	Site of the first permanent French settlement in the lower Mississippi valley. See Arkansas Post.
Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial	MM	NE Va.	1925	28 (11)	Former home of the Custis and Lee families; memorial to Robert E. Lee.
Assateague Island	SS	Md., Va.	1965	41,347 (16,740)	37-mi (60-km) barrier island; beaches; wildlife refuge including wild ponies.
Aztec Ruins	MO	NW N.Mex.	1923	318 (129)	Ruins of a Pueblo town.
Badlands	NP	SW S.Dak.	1929	242,756 (98,282)	Gullies, ridges, and other erosional landforms; fossils. See badlands.
Bandelier	MO	N N.Mex.	1916	33,677 (13,634)	Ruins of 13th-century Pueblo cliff dwellings.
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality	MO	Washington, D.C.	2016	.34 (.13)	Sewall-Belmont House and Museum, headquarters of the National Woman's party.
Bent's Old Fort	HS	SE Colo.	1960	799 (323)	Fur-trading post and rest station on the Santa Fe Trail; built c.1830 by Charles Bent and William Bent. See Bent's Fort.
Bering Land Bridge	PS	NW Alaska	1978	2,697,391 (1,092,061)	Remnant of land bridge that connected Alaska with Asia.
Big Bend	NP	W Tex.	1935	801,163 (324,357)	Canyons and desert plain on the Rio Grande; Chisos Mts. Designated a national park in 1944.
Big Cypress	PA	S Fla.	1974	720,564 (291,726)	Subtropical plant and animal life; ancestral home of Seminole and Miccosukee peoples.
Big Hole	BF	SW Mont.	1910	976 (395)	Scene of 1877 battle between U.S. troops and Nez Percé led by Chief Joseph.
Bighorn Canyon	RA	Mont., Wyo.	1966	120,296 (48,702)	Yellowtail Dam and spectacular Bighorn Canyon, on the Bighorn River.
Big South Fork	RR	Ky., Tenn.	1976	123,694 (50,079)	Scenic gorges and valleys.
Big Thicket	PS	SE Tex.	1974	113,122 (45,798)	Large number of plant and animal species in a convergence of ecosystems.
Birmingham Civil Rights	MO	Central Ala.	2017	18 (7)	Commemorates work of the civil rights movement in Birmingham.
Biscayne	NP	SE Fla.	1968	172,971 (70,029)	Aquatic park encompassing 25 islands. Example of a living coral reef; includes part of Biscayne Bay. Designated a national park in 1980.
Black Canyon of the Gunnison	NP	W Colo.	1933	30,780 (12,462)	Deep, narrow canyon of the Gunnison River, named for its dark-colored walls, which are always in shadow. Designated a national park in 1999.
Blackstone River Valley	HP	Mass., R.I.	2014	1,489 (603)	Historic industrial sites in the Blackstone River Valley.
Blue Ridge	PW	Va., N.C.	1936	98,911 (40,045)	Scenic route in the Blue Ridge Mts. between Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mts. national parks; many roadside parks, lookouts, and trails; the first national parkway.
Bluestone	WS	SW W.Va.	1988	4,310 (1,745)	Fishing, hiking, boating, and scenery.
Booker T. Washington	MO	Central Va.	1956	239 (97)	Birthplace and childhood home of Booker T. Washington.
Boston	HP	E Mass.	1974	44 (18)	Many sites include Old South Meeting House, the home of Paul Revere, obelisk commemorating the Battle of Bunker Hill, and part of the Charlestown Navy Yard.
Boston African American	HS	E Mass.	1980	.59 (.24)	Oldest African-American church in the United States and the Black Heritage Trail.
Boston Harbor Islands	RA	E Mass.	1996	1,482 (600)	More than 30 islands off the Greater Boston coast.
Brices Cross Roads	BS	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	Site of a rout of Union troops by Confederate cavalry under General N. B. Forrest (June 10, 1864).
Brown v. Board of Education	HS	NE Kansas	1992	2 (.8)	See Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.
Bryce Canyon	NP	SW Utah	1924	35,835 (14,508)	Colored rock walls and columnar rock formations along the edge of a plateau.
Buck Island Reef	MO	Buck Island, Virgin Islands	1961	19,015 (7,698)	One of the finest marine gardens in the Caribbean; bird rookeries and grottoes.
Buffalo	RI	NW Ark.	1972	94,293 (38,175)	136-mi (219-km) stretch of the Buffalo River and its valley; the first national river.
Cabrillo	MO	SW Calif.	1913	160 (65)	Memorial to Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo.
California	HT	Missouri River to Calif. and Oreg.	1992	…	Former migration route extending 5,600 mi (9,010 km) from the Missouri River to California and Oregon.
California Coastal	MO	W Calif.	2000	6,230 (2,522)	Thousands of islands, rocks, and reefs within 12 mi (19 km) of California's 840-mi (1,350-km) coastline as well as Point Arena-Stornetta on the mainland; includes nesting grounds of seabirds and marine mammals.
Camp Nelson Heritage	MO	Central Ky.	2018	525 (213)	Union Civil War supply depot, hospital, and training center for African-American troops.
Canaveral	SS	E Fla.	1975	57,662 (23,345)	Barrier island dunes and marshland that includes a wildlife refuge.
Cane River Creole	HP	SE La.	1994	206 (83)	Plantations and other sites associated with the development of Creole culture.
Canyon de Chelly	MO	NE Ariz.	1931	83,840 (33,943)	Ruins of prehistoric Native American villages.
Canyonlands	NP	SE Utah	1964	337,598 (136,679)	Rocks, spires, and mesas; Native American rock art and ruins.
Canyons of the Ancients	MO	SW Colo.	2000	176,000 (71,255)	Rugged landscape that is archaeologically rich, with some sites dating to 10,000 years ago; later pit houses, cliff dwellings, and pueblos.
Cape Cod	SS	SE Mass.	1961	43,608 (17,655)	See Cape Cod.
Cape Hatteras	SS	E N.C.	1937	30,351 (12,288)	The first national seashore. See under Hatteras, Cape.
Cape Krusenstern	MO	Alaska	1978	649,096 (262,792)	Archaeological sites of indigenous communities dating back 4,000 years.
Cape Lookout	SS	E N.C.	1966	28,243 (11,434)	Three barrier islands with beaches, sand dunes, and salt marshes; Cape Lookout Lighthouse.
Capitol Reef	NP	S Utah	1937	241,905 (97,937)	Highly colored sandstone cliffs dissected by gorges; named for a white, dome-shaped rock formation.
Capulin Volcano	MO	NE N.Mex.	1916	793 (321)	Huge cinder cone of inactive volcano.
Carl Sandburg Home	HS	SW N.C.	1968	268 (109)	Farm home of author Carl Sandburg.
Carlsbad Caverns	NP	SE N.Mex.	1923	46,766 (18,934)	Great limestone caverns. Designated a national park in 1930.
Carrizo Plain	MO	W central Calif.	2001	204,107 (82,634)	Grasslands and wetlands, including akali Soda Lake, in Central Valley. Home to threatened or endangered species.
Carter G. Woodson	HS	Washington, D.C.	2006	.15 (.06)	Home of Carter G. Woodson, African-American historian and educator.
Casa Grande Ruins	MO	S Ariz.	1892	473 (191)	Huge building built c.600 years ago and other Ancestral Sonoran adobe ruins.
Cascade-Siskiyou	MO	S central Oreg.	2000	114,000 (46,154)	A biologically diverse and ecologically unique area that also includes Soda Mountain, Pilot Rock, and Siskiyou Pass.
Castillo de San Marcos	MO	NE Fla.	1924	19 (8)	Old Spanish masonry fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Castle Clinton	MO	SE N.Y.	1946	1 (.4)	See Battery, the.
Catoctin Mountain Park	PO	NW Md.	1936	5,891 (2,385)	Campgrounds, trails, and scenic drive located in the Catoctin Mts.; Camp David, the presidential retreat, is there.
Cedar Breaks	MO	SW Utah	1933	6,155 (2,492)	Amphitheater (2,000 ft/610 m deep) formed by erosion.
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove	MO	N Va.	2002	3,707 (1,501)	Site of a Civil War battle and Belle Grove Plantation.
César E. Chávez	MO	S. Calif.	2002	117 (47)	Home and gravesite of César Chávez and United Farm Workers headquarters.
Chaco Culture	HP	NW N.Mex.	1907	33,960 (13,749)	13 pre-Columbian ruins of the Ancestral Pueblo peoples, representing the highest point of Ancestral Pueblo civilization (A.D. 850–1100).
Chamizal	MM	W Tex.	1966	55 (22)	Memorializes the peaceful settlement of the 99-year border dispute between the United States and Mexico.
Channel Islands	NP	SW Calif.	1938	249,561 (101,037)	Part of the Channel Islands. Nesting sea birds, sea lions, island fox, and unique plants.
Charles Pinckney	HS	SE S.C.	1988	28 (11)	Home and estate of American diplomat and framer of the Constitution.
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers	MO	SW Ohio	2013	60 (24)	Home of Colonel Charles Young, a buffalo soldier and the first African-American army colonel.
Chattahoochie River	RA	Georgia	1978	11,254 (4,556)	Series of historic and recreational sites along the Chattahoochie River.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal	HP	D.C., Md., W.Va.	1938	19,612 (7,940)	See Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga	MP	Ga., Tenn.	1890	9,523 (3,855)	Civil War battle sites; first national military park.
Chickasaw	RA	S Okla.	1976	9,899 (4,008)	Mineral springs, streams, and lakes. Name honors Chickasaw Nation; combination of former Platt National Park and Arbuckle National Recreation Area.
Chiricahua	MO	SE Ariz.	1924	12,025 (4,868)	Unusual rock formations.
Christiansted	HS	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1952	27 (11)	Commemorates the Virgin Islands' colonial development, especially under Danish rule in the 18th and 19th cent.
City of Rocks	NR	Idaho	1988	14,407 (5,833)	Granite spires, sculptured rock formations.
Clara Barton	HS	S Md.	1974	9 (4)	Home and offices of the founder of the American Red Cross.
Colonial	HP	SE Va.	1930	8,677 (3,513)	Historic Yorktown, Jamestown, and Cape Henry. Colonial Parkway connects some sites with Williamsburg.
Colorado	MO	W Colo.	1911	20,536 (8,314)	Huge monoliths and other unusual erosional features.
Congaree	NP	Central S.C.	1976	26,640 (10,785)	Last significant tract of southern bottomland hardwood forest in the United States.
Constitution Gardens	PO	Washington, D.C.	1978	39 (16)	Memorial to the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
Continental Divide	ST	Mont., Idaho, Wyo., Colo., N.Mex.	1978	…	Runs the length of much of the Rocky Mountains; 3,100 mi (4,988 km) long.
Coronado	MM	SE Ariz.	1952	4,830 (1,955)	Area near Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's point of entry (1540) into the United States.
Cowpens	BF	NW S.C.	1929	842 (341)	Site of an American militia victory over British infantry and cavalry forces in the Revolutionary battle of Cowpens (Jan. 17, 1781).
Crater Lake	NP	SW Oreg.	1902	183,224 (74,180)	Blue lake in a volcanic crater.
Craters of the Moon	MR	S Idaho	1924	752,378 (304,606)	Volcanic cones, craters, and fissures, and lava fields.
Cumberland Gap	HP	Ky., Tenn., Va.	1940	24,547 (9,938)	Mountain pass of the Wilderness Road. See Cumberland Gap.
Cumberland Island	SS	SE Ga.	1972	36,347 (14,715)	Largest island off Georgia; beaches, sand dunes, marshes, and lakes.
Curecanti	RA	E Colo.	1965	43,591 (17,648)	Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal reservoirs in the upper Black Canyon of the Gunnison.
Cuyahoga Valley	NP	NE Ohio	1974	32,572 (13,187)	Preserves rural character of the Cuyahoga River valley.
Dayton Aviation Heritage	HP	W Ohio	1992	111 (45)	Honors life and work of the Wright brothers, as well as poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.
Death Valley	NP	SE Calif., SW Nev.	1933	3,372,981 (1,365,579)	Lowest point in Western Hemisphere; desert environment.
Delaware Water Gap	RA	N.J., Pa.	1965	68,664 (27,799)	Scenic Delaware Water Gap.
Denali	PP	S Alaska	1917	6,075,029 (2,459,526)	Contains Denali (Mt. McKinley), North America's highest mountain (20,310 ft/6,190 m); wildlife preserve.
De Soto	MM	W Fla.	1948	30 (12)	Commemorates the landing (1539) of Hernando De Soto in Florida and his exploration of the S United States.
Devils Postpile	MO	E Calif.	1911	800 (324)	Basaltic columns, some 60 ft (18 m) high.
Devils Tower	MO	NE Wyo.	1906	1,347 (545)	Volcanic rock tower; first national monument.
Dinosaur	MO	Colo., Utah	1915	210,282 (85,134)	Rich quarries of well-preserved fossils.
Dry Tortugas	NP	S Fla.	1935	64,701 (26,195)	Contains Fort Jefferson, the largest all-masonry fort in the Western Hemisphere, built 1846. See Dry Tortugas.
Ebey's Landing	NR	Whidbey Island, Wash.	1978	19,334 (7,828)	Records exploration and settlement of Puget Sound.
Edgar Allan Poe	HS	SE Pa.	1978	.52 (.21)	In 1843, Poe lived here and wrote several of his most famous stories.
Effigy Mounds	MO	NE Iowa	1949	2,526 (1,023)	Outstanding examples of prehistoric Native American mounds.
Eisenhower	HS	S Pa.	1969	690 (279)	Home and farm of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Eleanor Roosevelt	HS	S N.Y.	1977	181 (73)	Her personal retreat including two restored buildings, tennis court, rose garden, and playhouse.
El Malpais	MO	N.Mex.	1987	114,347 (46,294)	In English, “the badlands”; volcanic area; also rich in Pueblo history.
El Morro	MO	W N.Mex.	1906	1,279 (518)	Sandstone monolith with inscriptions of Spanish explorers and American pioneers.
Eugene O'Neill	HS	N Calif.	1976	13 (5)	Restored home of the playwright.
Everglades	PE	S Fla.	1934	1,508,939 (610,906)	Subtropical wilderness with prairies, mangroves, great variety of birds. See Everglades.
Federal Hall	MM	SE N.Y.	1939	.45 (.18)	Site of the first seat of the federal government and George Washington's inauguration (1789).
Fire Island	SS	SE N.Y.	1964	19,581 (7,928)	Covers section of Fire Island.
First Ladies	HS	NE Ohio	2000	.46 (.19)	Home of Ida Saxton McKinley; honors all U.S. first ladies.
First State	HP	Del., Pa.	2013	1,155 (468)	Site relating to Delaware's ratification of the Constitution and to Delaware Valley history.
Flight 93	MM	SW Pa.	2002	2,319 (939)	See Flight 93 National Memorial.
Florida	ST	S Fla.	1983	…	Subtropical plant and animal life along 1,300-mi (2,092-km) trail.
Florissant Fossil Beds	MO	Central Colo.	1969	5,998 (2,428)	Well-preserved insect, seed, and leaf fossils of the Oligocene period; petrified sequoia tree stumps.
Ford's Theatre	HS	Washington, D.C.	1970	.30 (.12)	Site of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination and death; includes the Lincoln Museum.
Fort Bowie	HS	SE Ariz.	1964	999 (404)	Ruins of a fort (est. 1862) that was the base of military operations against Geronimo and his followers.
Fort Caroline	MM	NE Fla.	1950	138 (56)	Area overlooking the site of Fort Caroline.
Fort Davis	HS	W Tex.	1961	523 (212)	Key post in the defensive system of W Texas, guarding (1854–91) the San Antonio–El Paso road through the Davis Mts.
Fort Donelson	BF	NW Tenn.	1928	1,319 (534)	Site of first Union Army victory; Civil War cemetery.
Fort Frederica	MO	SE Ga.	1936	284 (115)	Ruins of a fort built by James Oglethorpe on one of the Sea Islands.
Fort Laramie	HS	SE Wyo.	1938	873 (353)	Buildings of an old fort on the Oregon Trail.
Fort Larned	HS	Central Kansas	1964	718 (291)	Protected the Santa Fe Trail; served as a military base during the Plains War (1860s) and later as an Indian Bureau administrative center.
Fort McHenry	MO	N Md.	1925	43 (17)	See Fort McHenry.
Fort Matanzas	MO	NE Fla.	1924	300 (121)	Spanish fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Fort Monroe	MO	SE Va.	2011	367 (149)	See Fort Monroe.
Fort Necessity	BF	SW Pa.	1931	903 (366)	George Washington's troops defeated here in 1754.
Fort Point	HS	W Calif.	1970	29 (12)	Brick and granite mid-19th-century coastal fortification.
Fort Pulaski	MO	SE Ga.	1924	5,623 (2,277)	Fort on Cockspur Island. See Fort Pulaski.
Fort Raleigh	HS	NE N.C.	1941	513 (208)	Site of the first attempted settlement by the English in North America. See Roanoke Island.
Fort Scott	HS	SE Kansas	1965	17 (7)	Commemorates historic events in Kansas prior to and during the Civil War.
Fort Smith	HS	NW Ark.	1961	75 (30)	One of the first U.S. military posts in the Louisiana Purchase; maintained law and order in the Oklahoma Territory. See Fort Smith, Ark.
Fort Stanwix	MO	Central N.Y.	1935	16 (6)	See Fort Stanwix.
Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie	HP	SE S.C.	1948	235 (95)	Scene of the engagement that opened the Civil War. See Fort Sumter; Fort Moultrie.
Fort Union	MO	NW N.Mex.	1954	721 (292)	Ruins of a U.S. army fort on the Santa Fe Trail.
Fort Union Trading Post	HS	N.Dak., Mont.	1966	440 (178)	American Fur Company trading post during the 19th cent.
Fort Vancouver	HS	SW Wash.	1948	207 (84)	Site of a Hudson's Bay Company post (1825–49) and later of a U.S. army fort.
Fort Washington Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1930	341 (138)	19th-century fort.
Fossil Butte	MO	W Wyo.	1972	8,198 (3,319)	Area containing Paleocene–Eocene fossil fish.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1997	8 (3)	Monument to Roosevelt on the Mall in the nation's capital.
Frederick Douglass	HS	Washington, D.C.	1962	9 (4)	Home of the abolitionist and writer; contains original furnishings, photographs, lithographs, and his library.
Frederick Law Olmsted	HS	E Mass.	1979	7 (3)	Site of Olmsted's home and business containing lithographs and original furnishings.
Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania	MP	NE Va.	1927	8,405 (3,403)	Contains portions of four major Civil War battlefields (see Fredericksburg, battle of) and a national cemetery.
Freedom Riders	MO	NE Ala.	2017	6 (2)	Sites of mob attacks against an integrated group of Freedom Riders.
Friendship Hill	HS	SW Pa.	1978	675 (273)	Home of Albert Gallatin, U.S. secretary of the treasury under Presidents Jefferson and Madison.
Gates of the Arctic	PP	N Alaska	1978	8,472,506 (3,430,164)	Vast wilderness within the Arctic Circle.
Gateway	RA	N.Y., N.J.	1972	26,607 (10,772)	Beaches, marshes, islands, and waters in and around New York City. One of the first two national urban recreation areas.
Gateway Arch	NP	E Mo.	1935	193 (78)	Area commemorating westward exploration and settlement; includes Gateway Arch. See Saint Louis, Mo.
Gauley River	RA	W Va.	1988	11,566 (4,683)	Passes through scenic valleys and gorges; whitewater boating.
General Grant	MM	SE N.Y.	1958	.76 (.31)	Tomb of President Ulysses S. Grant and his wife, Julia.
George Rogers Clark	HP	SW Ind.	1966	26 (11)	Memorial near the site of old Fort Sackville, seized from the British by General G. R. Clark in 1779.
George Washington Birthplace	MO	E Va.	1930	653 (264)	Estate and reconstructed mansion. See Wakefield.
George Washington Carver	MO	SW Mo.	1943	240 (97)	Birthplace and boyhood home of George Washington Carver.
George Washington Memorial Parkway	PW	Va., D.C., Md.	1930	7,037 (2,849)	Parkway connecting landmarks associated with the life of George Washington along both sides of the Potomac River from Mt. Vernon to Great Falls.
Gettysburg	MP	S Pa.	1895	6,032 (2,442)	Civil War battlefield and cemetery; site of President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. See Gettysburg, Pa.
Giant Sequoia	MO	E Calif.	2000	328,315 (132,921)	Last remaining groves of ancient sequoia trees within Sequoia National Forest.
Gila Cliff Dwellings	MO	SW N.Mex.	1907	533 (216)	Well-preserved dwellings built by the Pueblo into a 150-ft (46-m) cliff.
Glacier	NP	NW Mont.	1910	1,013,126 (410,172)	Glaciers, forests, and lakes; on the Continental Divide.
Glacier Bay	PP	SE Alaska	1925	3,281,789 (1,328,660)	Active tidewater glaciers, inland fjords, preserved land and marine ecosystems.
Glen Canyon	RA	Ariz., Utah	1958	1,254,117 (507,740)	Lake Powell, formed by the Glen Canyon Dam.
Golden Gate	RA	W Calif.	1972	82,027 (33,209)	Beaches, forests, marshes, San Francisco's Presidio, and Alcatraz Island. One of the first urban national recreation areas.
Golden Spike	HP	N Utah	1957	2,735 (1,107)	Site where the Union Pacific RR and the Central Pacific RR joined to form the first transcontinental railroad.
Governors Island	MO	SE N.Y.	2003	23 (9)	Early 1800s fortifications in New York harbor and their surroundings.
Grand Canyon	NP	NW Ariz.	1908	1,201,647 (486,497)	Great gorge of the Colorado River. See Grand Canyon.
Grand Canyon–Parashant	MO	NW Ariz.	2000	1,014,000 (410,526)	Canyons, mountains, and buttes on the W portion of the Grand Canyon's north rim. Prehistoric and 19th-century remains; rare condors and tortoises.
Grand Portage	MO	NE Minn.	1951	710 (287)	9-mi (14-km) portage on the route to the Northwest used by explorers, missionaries, and fur traders.
Grand Staircase–Escalante	MO	S Utah	1996	838,026 (339,282)	Rock formations; natural arches and bridges; prehistoric dwellings and rock art; fossil sites.
Grand Teton	NP	NW Wyo.	1929	310,044 (125,524)	Scenic portion of the Teton Range; Jackson Hole.
Grant-Kohrs Ranch	HS	W Mont.	1972	1,618 (655)	Headquarters of one of the largest 19th-century range ranches.
Great Basin	NP	E Nev.	1986	77,180 (31,247)	Features Lehman Caves, an ice field on Wheeler Peak, ancient bristlecone pines, and a limestone arch. See Great Basin.
Great Egg Harbor	WS	SW N.J.	1992	43,311 (17,535)	Largest canoeing river in the Pine Barrens.
Great Sand Dunes	PP	S Colo.	1932	149,028 (60,335)	Large, high sand dunes in the Sangre de Cristo Mts.
Great Smoky Mountains	NP	N.C., Tenn.	1926	522,427 (211,509)	Wild, beautiful area in the Great Smoky Mountains.
Greenbelt Park	PO	W central Md.	1950	1,175 (476)	Woodland park.
Guadalupe Mountains	NP	W Tex.	1966	86,367 (34,966)	Mountain region; contains a limestone fossil reef.
Guilford Courthouse	MP	N N.C.	1917	253 (102)	See Guilford Courthouse, battle of.
Gulf Islands	SS	Fla., Miss.	1971	138,306 (55,994)	Historic forts and white sand beaches near Pensacola, Fla.; Fort Massachusetts and primitive offshore islands in S Miss.
Hagerman Fossil Beds	MO	S Idaho	1988	4,351 (1,762)	Fossils dating from the Pliocene era.
Haleakala	NP	Maui Island, Hawaii	1916	33,265 (13,468)	Haleakala crater; rare and endangered species.
Hamilton Grange	MM	SE N.Y.	1962	1.75 (.71)	Home of Alexander Hamilton.
Hampton	HS	NE Md.	1948	62 (25)	Late-18th-century Georgian mansion.
Hanford Reach	MO	S central Wash.	2000	195,000 (78,947)	Free-flowing nontidal stretch of the Columbia River with salmon spawning grounds and a preserved shrub-steppe ecosystem.
Harpers Ferry	HP	Md., W.Va.	1944	3,656 (1,480)	See Harpers Ferry.
Harriet Tubman	HP	W N.Y.	2017	32 (13)	Home and church of Harriet Tubman.
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad	HP	SE Md.	2013	480 (194)	Commemorates Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad.
Harry S. Truman	HS	W Mo.	1983	13 (5)	Home of Harry S. Truman from 1919 until 1972.
Hawaii Volcanoes	NP	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1916	323,654 (131,034)	Volcanic region; lush vegetation.
Herbert Hoover	HS	E Iowa	1965	187 (76)	Birthplace, childhood home, and burial place of President Herbert Hoover.
Hohokam Pima	MO	Central Ariz.	1972	1,690 (684)	Archaeological remains of the Hohokam culture.
Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt	HS	SE N.Y.	1944	833 (337)	Home, “Summer White House,” and burial place of Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt. See Hyde Park.
Homestead	MO	SE Nebr.	1936	211 (85)	Site of the first farm claimed under the Homestead Act.
Honouliuli	HS	Oahu, Hawaii	2015	154 (62)	Site of a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp that held Japanese and European American citizens and immigrants.
Hopewell Culture	HP	S Ohio	1923	1,770 (716)	Prehistoric burial mounds of Hopewell people.
Hopewell Furnace	HS	SE Pa.	1938	848 (343)	19th-century iron making site with reconstructed buildings and furnished cottages.
Horseshoe Bend	MP	E Ala.	1956	2,040 (826)	See Horseshoe Bend.
Hot Springs	NP	W central Ark.	1921	5,548 (2,246)	Mineral springs.
Hovenweep	MO	Utah, Colo.	1923	785 (318)	Prehistoric Native American pueblos and cliff dwellings.
Hubbell Trading Post	HS	NE Ariz.	1965	160 (65)	Example of a late-19th-century trading post in the Southwest.
Ice Age	ST	S Wis.	1980	…	1,200-mi (1,900-km) trail follows glacial moraines.
Iditarod	HT	Alaska	1978	…	Former Alaska Gold Rush trail extending 2,350 mi (3,781 km) from Seward to Nome.
Independence	HP	SE Pa.	1948	45 (18)	Historic points of interest and the Liberty Bell; site of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. See Independence Hall.
Indiana Dunes	NP	NW Ind.	1966	15,348 (6,214)	200-ft (60-m) sand dunes, beaches, and marshes along the south shore of Lake Michigan.
Ironwood Forest	MO	S Ariz.	2000	129,000 (52,227)	Mountainous desert landscape with large stands of ironwood trees; saguaro forests and bighorn sheep; historic Hohokam sites.
Isle Royale	NP	NW Mich.	1931	571,790 (231,494)	Forested island in Lake Superior.
James A. Garfield	HS	NE Ohio	1980	8 (3)	Home of the 20th president and site of the first presidential memorial library.
Jean Lafitte	HP	SE La.	1939	22,421 (9,073)	Includes New Orleans' French Quarter, the Chalmette Battlefield, and the Barataria and Acadian units.
Jewel Cave	MO	SW S.Dak.	1908	1,274 (516)	Limestone caves with chambers connected by narrow passages; in the Black Hills.
Jimmy Carter	HS	SW Georgia	1987	72 (29)	Buildings and exhibits associated with the 39th president's life.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr.	PW	NW Wyo.	1972	23,777 (9,626)	Scenic corridor between Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks commemorating Rockefeller's role in the creation of many national parks.
John Day Fossil Beds	MO	N central Oreg.	1974	14,062 (5,693)	Consists of Sheep Rock, Painted Hills, and Clarno locations; rich fossil remains from four prehistoric periods.
John Fitzgerald Kennedy	HS	E Mass.	1967	.09 (.04)	Birthplace and early boyhood home of President John F. Kennedy.
John Muir	HS	W Calif.	1964	344 (139)	John Muir House and Martínez Adobe, commemorating contributions of John Muir to conservation and literature.
Johnstown Flood	MM	SE Pa.	1964	178 (72)	Memorializes the Johnstown flood of 1889. See Johnstown, Pa.
Joshua Tree	NP	S Calif.	1936	790,636 (320,096)	Rare Joshua trees, or “praying plants”; named by Mormons because of upstretched arms.
Juan Bautista de Anza	HT	W Calif.	1990	…	1,200-mi (1,931-km) trail traces the path of Spanish colonists.
Kalaupapa	HP	N Molokai Island, Hawaii	1980	10,779 (4,364)	Site of former leper colony separated from the island by 2,000-ft (610-m) cliff; ruins of Hawaiian structures.
Kaloko-Honokohau	HP	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1978	1,163 (471)	Site of important pre-European settlements.
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks	MO	N central N.Mex.	2001	4,645 (1,881)	Canyons, cliffs, and cone-shaped rock formations with nesting birds.
Katahdin Woods and Waters	MO	N central Maine	2016	87,564 (35,451)	Mountains and wilderness in Maine's North Woods.
Katmai	PP	SE Alaska	1918	4,093,228 (1,657,177)	Deep forest with lakes and active volcanoes.
Kenai Fjords	NP	S Alaska	1978	669,650 (271,113)	Wilderness preserve, vast ice fields, fjords, and outflowing glaciers.
Kennesaw Mountain	BP	NW Ga.	1917	2,965 (1,200)	Site of Sherman's attack on Confederate forces in the Atlanta campaign.
Keweenaw	HP	NW Mich.	1992	1,870 (757)	Preserves features relevant to the first significant copper mining in the United States.
Kings Canyon	NP	E central Calif.	1890	461,901 (187,004)	Canyons, peaks, sequoias.
Kings Mountain	MP	N S.C.	1931	3,945 (1,597)	Site of a crucial American victory (Oct. 7, 1780) over the British during the Revolution.
Klondike Gold Rush	HP	SW Alaska, NW Wa.	1976	12,996 (5,262)	Sites connected with the 1898 Klondike gold rush including Seattle's Pioneer Square, the miners' point of departure.
Knife River Indian Villages	HS	Central N.Dak.	1974	1,749 (708)	Ruins of villages of Hidasta and Mandan Native Americans.
Kobuk Valley	NP	NW Alaska	1978	1,750,716 (708,792)	A wildlife preserve north of the Arctic Circle; archaeological remnants of 10,000 years of human habitation.
Korean War Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1986	2 (.8)	Grouping of 19 infantry soldiers standing before a polished granite wall.
Lake Chelan	RA	N Wash.	1968	61,946 (25,079)	Located in the Stehekin Valley and in the northern part of fjordlike Lake Chelan.
Lake Clark	PP	S Alaska	1978	4,030,110 (1,631,623)	Waterfalls, tundra, and active volcanoes.
Lake Mead	RA	Ariz., Nev.	1936	1,495,816 (605,594)	Lake Mead, formed by Hoover Dam, and Lake Mohave, formed by Davis Dam; the first national recreation area established by Congress.
Lake Meredith	RA	NW Tex.	1965	44,978 (18,210)	Includes Lake Meredith, on the Canadian River, a popular water-sports area.
Lake Roosevelt	RA	NE Wash.	1946	100,390 (40,644)	Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, formed by the Grand Coulee Dam in the Columbia River; interesting geology.
Lassen Volcanic	NP	N Calif.	1907	106,589 (43,153)	Volcanic peaks and lava formations.
Lava Beds	MO	N Calif.	1925	46,692 (18,904)	Examples of volcanism; scene of Modoc uprising.
Lewis and Clark	HP	NW Oreg., SW Wash.	1958	3,410 (1,381)	Fort Clatsop, site of the winter encampment of the Lewis and Clark expedition, and other sites associated with it. Jointly managed with nearby state historical parks.
Lewis and Clark	HT	Mo., Neb., S.Dak., N.Dak., Mont., Idaho, Oreg.	1978	…	4,900-mi (7,890-km) trail commemorates the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Lincoln Boyhood	MM	SW Ind.	1962	200 (81)	Site of the farm where Abraham Lincoln was raised and the burial place of his mother, Mary Hanks Lincoln.
Lincoln Home	HS	Central Ill.	1971	12 (5)	Only private home owned by Abraham Lincoln; he was living there when he was elected president.
Lincoln Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1911	7 (3)	See Lincoln Memorial.
Little Bighorn Battlefield	MO	SE Mont.	1879	765 (310)	Site of the battle between five companies of the Seventh Cavalry, commanded by George Armstrong Custer, and the Sioux and Cheyenne.
Little River Canyon	PS	NE Ala.	1992	15,289 (6,190)	Rock expanses, benches, and bluffs; kayaking and rock climbing.
Little Rock Central High School	HS	Central Ark.	1998	28 (11)	Site commemorating the “Little Rock Nine” and the fight for desegregation in the schools.
Longfellow House–Washington's Headquarters	HS	E Mass.	1972	2 (.8)	Home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1837–82) in Cambridge; also George Washington's headquarters during the siege of Boston (1775–76).
Lowell	HP	NE Mass.	1978	142 (57)	Restored site of cotton mill traces the history of the Industrial Revolution.
Lower Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.	2000	…	67-mi (108-km) stretch of the Delaware River.
Lower St. Croix	WS	E Minn., NW Wis.	1972	25,276 (10,233)	First river segment added by Congress to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Program.
Lyndon B. Johnson	HP	SE Tex.	1969	1,572 (636)	Sites of the birthplace, boyhood home, and ranch of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac	MM	NE Va.	1973	17 (7)	Grove of 500 white pines overlooking Potomac River vista of the capital.
Maggie L. Walker	HS	E Central Va.	1978	1 (.4)	Home of African-American bank president and early leader in the women's movement.
Mammoth Cave	NP	Central Ky.	1926	54,012 (21,867)	Longest recorded cave system in the world.
Manassas	BP	NE Va.	1940	5,073 (2,054)	See Bull Run.
Manhattan Project	HP	Tenn., N.Mex., Wash.	2015	114 (46)	Sites associated with the Manhattan Project.
Manzanar	HS	E Calif.	1992	814 (330)	Site of World War II internment of Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller	HP	Vt.	1992	643 (260)	Home of pioneer conservationist George Perkins Marsh.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	MM	Washington, D.C.	2011	3 (1)	Statue and museum dedicated to the life and work of the civil-rights leader.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	HP	N Ga.	1980	39 (16)	Birthplace, church, and grave of the civil-rights leader.
Martin Van Buren	HS	SE N.Y.	1974	285 (115)	Home of the 8th president.
Mary McLeod Bethune Council House	HS	Washington, D.C.	1982	.07 (.03)	Home and political headquarters of the educator and activist; the carriage house contains the Bethune Archives.
Mesa Verde	NP	SW Colo.	1906	52,485 (21,249)	Prehistoric cliff dwellings.
Middle Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.		…	A 40-mi (64-km) stretch of the Delaware River in the Delaware Water Gap.
Minidoka	HS	S Idaho	2001	396 (160)	Site of a World War II internment camp for Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Minute Man	HP	E Mass.	1959	1,028 (416)	Scene of fighting on the opening day of the Revolutionary War; includes North Bridge, Minute Man statue, Battle Road (see Lexington and Concord, battles of), and the home of Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Minuteman Missile	HS	SW S.D.	1999	44 (18)	Cold war intercontinental ballistic missile arsenal.
Mississippi	RR	SE Minn.	1988	53,775 (21,771)	Cultural, historical, and industrial features of the Mississippi River.
Missouri	WS	S.Dak., Neb.	1978	48,457 (19,618)	Two free-flowing portions of Missouri River with islands, bars, and chutes; native floodplain forest.
Mojave	PS	S Calif.	1994	1,545,684 (625,783)	Dunes, cinder cones, historic mining scenes; protects fragile habitat of the desert tortoise.
Mojave Trails	MO	S Calif.	2016	1,600,000 (647,773)	Mountain ranges, lava flows, sand dunes; World War II desert training sites.
Monocacy	BF	W Md.	1976	1,627 (659)	Site commemorates the first successful defense of Washington, D.C., during the Civil War.
Montezuma Castle	MO	Central Ariz.	1906	1,016 (411)	Well-preserved prehistoric cliff dwellings.
Moores Creek	BF	SE N.C.	1926	88 (36)	Site of a battle between Patriots and Loyalists.
Mormon Pioneer	HT	Ill., Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah	1978	…	Historic trail follows the 1,300-mi (2,090-km) route taken by Brigham Young and his followers in 1847–48.
Morristown	HP	N N.J.	1933	1,711 (693)	Site of military encampments during the Revolution; Washington's headquarters, 1779–80.
Mount Rainier	NP	SW Wash.	1899	236,382 (95,701)	Volcanic peak and glaciers; subalpine meadows.
Mount Rushmore	MM	SW S.Dak.	1925	1,278 (517)	Carvings of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt on the granite face of Mt. Rushmore.
Muir Woods	MO	W Calif.	1908	554 (224)	Virgin stand of coastal redwoods.
Natchez	HP	SW Miss.	1988	108 (44)	Melrose plantation and other antebellum buildings.
Natchez Trace	ST	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1983	10,995 (4,451)	Sections of the original Natchez Trace.
Natchez Trace	PW	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1938	52,302 (21,175)	Parkway following the general location of the old trail known as the Natchez Trace.
National Mall	PO	Washington, D.C.	1933	156 (63)	Landscaped park, part of the L'Enfant Plan for Washington, D.C.
Natural Bridges	MO	SE Utah	1908	7,636 (3,091)	Three huge natural sandstone bridges.
Navajo	MO	NE Ariz.	1909	360 (146)	Ruins of large cliff dwellings.
New Bedford Whaling	HP	SE Mass.	1996	34 (14)	Commemorates the whaling heritage of New Bedford; includes a whaling museum.
Newberry	MO	Central Oreg.	1990	54,000 (21,862)	Volcano caldera, with lava flows, cinder cones, and the Lava Cast Forest.
New Orleans Jazz	HP	SE La.	1994	5 (2)	Preserves and interprets jazz as it has evolved in New Orleans.
New River Gorge	RI	W Va.	1978	72,186 (29,225)	Rugged whitewater river flows through deep canyons.
Nez Percé	HP	Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.	1965	4,565 (1,848)	38 sites that preserve and commemorate the history and culture of the Nez Percé.
Nez Percé	HT	Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyo.	1986	…	1,170-mi (1,883-km) trail commemorates the retreat of the Nez Percé under Chief Joseph in 1877.
Nicodemus	HS	NW Kans.	1996	161 (65)	Site of town established by African Americans during Reconstruction.
Ninety Six	HS	NW S.C.	1976	1,022 (414)	A frontier trading post and Revolutionary War stronghold.
Niobrara	WS	N Nebr.	1991	29,101 (11,782)	Ecological crossroads between eastern woodlands and western grasslands.
Noatak	PS	NW Alaska	1978	6,587,071 (2,666,830)	Mountain-ringed river basin.
North Cascades	NP	N Wash.	1968	504,781 (204,365)	Area of noted alpine scenery in the Cascade Range; bisected by Ross Lake National Recreation Area.
North Country	ST	N.Y. to N.Dak.	1980	…	Extends 4,500 mi (7,250 km), connecting seven northern tier states.
Obed	WS	E Tenn.	1976	5,490 (2,223)	Numerous streams and rugged scenery.
Ocmulgee Mounds	HP	Central Ga.	1934	704 (285)	Remains of prehistoric temple mounds.
Olympic	NP	NW Wash.	1909	922,649 (373,542)	Rain forests and glaciers in the Olympic Mountains.
Oregon	HT	Mo. to Oreg.	1978	…	Traces the c.2,000-mi (3,200-km) route of pioneers in 1841–60.
Oregon Caves	MR	SW Oreg.	1909	4,544 (1,840)	Limestone caverns with four levels; rock formations.
Organ Pipe Cactus	MO	S Ariz.	1937	330,689 (133,882)	Unique Sonoran Desert plants and animals.
Overmountain Victory	HT	Tenn., Va., N.C., S.C.	1980	…	Follows the 330-mi (530-km) path of revolutionary Patriots.
Ozark	WS	SE Mo.	1964	80,785 (32,706)	Scenic parts of the Current and Jacks Fork rivers; the first national scenic river.
Pacific Crest	ST	Calif., Oreg., Wash.	1968	…	Follows the Sierra and Cascade peaks 2,650 mi (4,265 km) from Mexico to Canada; one of the first two components of the National Trails System.
Padre Island	SS	S Tex.	1962	130,434 (52,807)	See Padre Island, Tex.
Palo Alto Battlefield	HP	S Tex.	1978	3,442 (1,394)	Site of the first major battle of the Mexican War.
Paterson Great Falls	HP	NE N.J.	2009	51 (21)	Industrial history sites on the Great Falls of the Passaic River.
Pea Ridge	MP	NW Ark.	1956	4,300 (1,741)	Site of the Civil War battle of Pea Ridge, which saved Missouri for the Union.
Pearl Harbor	MM	Oahu Island, Hawaii	2019	21 (9)	Commemorates the Dec. 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor; includes the USS Arizona Memorial.
Pecos	HP	N N.Mex.	1965	6,693 (2,710)	15th-century ruins of Pecos Pueblo, once the largest Native American settlement in the Southwest.
Pennsylvania Avenue	HS	Washington, D.C.	1965	18 (7)	Portion of Pennsylvania Ave. and adjacent area between the Capitol and the White House.
Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial	MM	N Ohio	1936	25 (10)	Scene of the victory near Put-in Bay of Oliver H. Perry in the War of 1812.
Petersburg	BF	SE Va.	1926	9,638 (3,902)	Scene of the Battle of the Crater and a 10-month Union campaign (1864–65) to seize Petersburg, Va.
Petrified Forest	NP	E Ariz.	1906	221,390 (89,632)	Petrified logs; portions of the Painted Desert.
Petroglyph	MO	Central N.Mex.	1990	7,209 (2,919)	More than 15,000 prehistoric and historic Native American and Hispanic petroglyphs and rock art carvings.
Pictured Rocks	LS	N Mich.	1966	73,236 (29,650)	Sandstone cliffs, marshes, dunes, and waterfalls along Lake Superior; the first national lakeshore.
Pinnacles	NP	W Calif.	1908	26,686 (10,804)	Rock spires from 500 to 1,200 ft (150 to 365 m) high; caves.
Pipe Spring	MO	NW Ariz.	1923	40 (16)	Spring first visited by the Mormons; old fort.
Pipestone	MO	SW Minn.	1937	282 (114)	Quarry that was a source for Native American peace pipes; park includes Upper Midwest Indian Cultural Center.
Piscataway Park	PO	S Md.	1961	4,616 (1,869)	Preserves the view from Mt. Vernon of the opposite shore of the Potomac River.
Point Reyes	SS	W Calif.	1962	71,053 (28,766)	Coastal area with beaches and steep bluffs.
Pompeys Pillar	MO	S central Mont.	2001	51 (21)	Large sandstone butte on Yellowstone River with inscription by William Clark.
Pony Express	HT	Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah, Nev., Calif.	1992	…	Follows the 1,966-mi (3,163-km) route of the pony express riders in 1860–61.
Port Chicago Naval Magazine	MM	Central Calif.	1992	5 (2)	Site of a massive munitions explosion in 1944; World War II's worst home front disaster.
Potomac Heritage	ST	Va., D.C., Md., Pa.	1983	…	704-mi (1,133-km) trail connects the tidewater regions to the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania.
Poverty Point	MO	NE La.	1988	911 (369)	Remains of a 2d millenium B.C. culture.
President Lincoln and Soldier's Home	MO	Washington, D.C.	2000	2.3 (.9)	Historic Anderson Cottage, used as a summer retreat by Lincoln and other presidents.
President's Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1943	82 (33)	Includes the White House, Lafayette Square, the Ellipse, and the White House Visitor Center.
President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home	HS	SW Ark.	2010	.68 (.28)	Early childhood home of President Bill Clinton.
Prince William Forest Park	PO	NE Va.	1936	16,081 (6,511)	Pine and hardwood forests of the Quantico Creek watershed.
Pullman	MO	Chicago, Ill.	2015	203 (82)	America's first planned industrial town; factories and buildings associated with the Pullman Palace Car Company.
Pu'uhonua o Honaunau	HP	SW Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1955	420 (170)	Ancient Hawaiian sanctuary and royal residence.
Puukohola Heiau	HS	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1972	86 (35)	Ruins of temple built (1791) by King Kamehameha the Great.
Rainbow Bridge	MO	S Utah	1910	160 (65)	Pink sandstone arch.
Reconstruction Era	HP	SE S.C.	2017	16 (6)	Sites associated with emancipated African Americans and Reconstruction.
Redwood	NP	NW Calif.	1968	138,999 (56,275)	Coastal redwood forests.
Richmond	BP	E Va.	1936	8,171 (3,308)	Commemorates Civil War battles of Cold Harbor, Drewry's Bluff, Gaines Mill, Malvern Hill, and Beaver Dam Creek.
Rio Grande	WS	S Tex.	1978	13,123 (5,313)	U.S. shore of the Rio Grande in the Chihuahuan Desert.
River Raisin	BP	SE Mich.	2010	42 (17)	Site of the Battle of Frenchtown during the War of 1812.
Rock Creek Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1890	1,755 (711)	Wooded preserve, one of the largest urban parks in the nation.
Rocky Mountain	NP	Central Colo.	1915	265,807 (107,614)	Scenic Rocky Mountains region on the Continental Divide; many high, snowcapped peaks.
Roger Williams	MM	E R.I.	1965	5 (2)	Memorial to Roger Williams, the founder of the Rhode Island colony and a pioneer of religious freedom.
Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front	HP	W. Calif.	2000	145 (59)	Shipyards and a tank factory; the civilian home front during World War II.
Ross Lake	RA	N Wash.	1968	117,575 (47,601)	Extends along the Skagit River canyon; bisects North Cascades National Park.
Russell Cave	MO	NE Ala.	1961	310 (126)	Cave containing a nearly continuous archaeological record of human habitation from about 7000 B.C. to A.D. 1650.
Sagamore Hill	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	83 (34)	Estate and Victorian-style home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Saguaro	NP	SE Ariz.	1933	91,716 (37,132)	Saguaro, other cacti, varied desert growth.
Saint Croix	WS	Minn., Wis.	1968	67,467 (27,315)	200 mi (322 km) of the St. Croix River and its Namekagon tributary; trails, camping, boating.
Saint Croix Island	IS	E Maine	1949	6.5 (3)	Commemorates the French settlement on the island in the Saint Croix River.
Saint-Gaudens	HP	W N.H.	1964	191 (77)	Memorial to sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens; his home, studios, gardens.
Saint Paul's Church	HS	SE N.Y.	1943	6 (2)	18th-century church associated with the events leading to the arrest of John Peter Zenger; includes Bill of Rights museum.
Salem Maritime	HS	NE Mass.	1938	9 (4)	Wharves and buildings important during Salem's seafaring days.
Salinas Pueblo Missions	MO	Central N.Mex.	1909	1,071 (434)	Four 17th-century mission churches and ruins of three Pueblo villages.
Salt River Bay	HP	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1992	989 (400)	Fort Sale; upland watersheds, mangrove forests, estuarine and marine environments.
San Antonio Missions	HP	S central Tex.	1978	948 (384)	Four missions situated on the San Antonio River; important examples of Spanish cultural influence.
Sand Creek Massacre	HS	E Colo	2007	12,583 (5,094)	Site of the 1864 massacre of the Cheyenne (see Sand Creek).
Sand to Snow	MO	S Calif	2016	154,000 (62,348)	See Sand to Snow National Monument.
San Francisco Maritime	HP	N Calif.	1988	50 (20)	Largest collection of historic ships in the United States; exhibits on maritime history.
San Juan	HS	NE Puerto Rico	1949	75 (30)	Oldest fortification within the limits of U.S. territory, built (16th cent.) by the Spanish to protect the harbor guarding the sea lanes to the New World.
San Juan Island	HP	NW Wash.	1966	2,146 (869)	Dedicated to the peaceful relationship between the United States, Britain, and Canada since the San Juan Boundary Dispute.
Santa Fe	HT	Mo., Kans., Okla., Col., N.Mex.	1987	…	Traces the 1,203-mi (1,936-km) route of the Santa Fe Trail.
Santa Monica Mountains	RA	SW Calif.	1978	156,618 (63,408)	Rugged, chaparral-covered landscape fronting on sandy beaches.
Saratoga	HP	E N.Y.	1938	3,579 (1,449)	Scene of a famous battle in the American Revolution. See Saratoga campaign.
Saugus Iron Works	HS	E Mass.	1968	9 (4)	Reconstruction of the 17th-century Colonial ironworks.
Scotts Bluff	MO	W Nebr.	1919	3,005 (1,217)	Landmark on the Oregon Trail.
Sequoia	NP	E Calif.	1890	404,063 (163,588)	Groves of giant sequoias.
Shenandoah	NP	N Va.	1926	199,218 (80,655)	Forested region of the Blue Ridge Mts.
Shiloh	MP	SW Tenn.	1894	7,932 (3,211)	Site of the Civil War battle of Shiloh. Shiloh National Cemetery is there.
Sitka	HP	SE Alaska	1910	116 (47)	Site of the Tlingit peoples' defeat by Russian settlers in 1804. See Sitka.
Sleeping Bear Dunes	LS	W central Mich.	1970	71,251 (28,847)	Section of the Lake Michigan shoreline and the North and South Manitoulin islands; beaches, sand dunes, forests.
Sonoran Desert	MO	SW Ariz.	2001	486,400 (196,923)	Biologically diverse desert with mountain ranges and lowland valleys. Historical and archaeological remains.
Springfield Armory	HS	Mass.	1974	55 (22)	Large weapons museum housed in former arsenal.
Statue of Liberty	MO	SE N.Y.	1924	58 (23)	See Liberty, Statue of.
Steamtown	HS	NE Pa.	1986	62 (25)	A railyard containing America's largest collection of steam-era locomotives and railroad cars.
Stones River	BF	Central Tenn.	1927	709 (287)	See Murfreesboro, Tenn. Site of Stones River National Cemetery.
Stonewall	MO	New York City	2016	8 (3)	Site of 1969 Stonewall riot, the beginning of the modern gay-rights movement.
Sunset Crater Volcano	MO	N Ariz.	1930	3,040 (1,231)	Volcanic cinder cone with multicolored crater.
Tallgrass Prairie	PS	E Kans.	1996	10,883 (4,406)	Surviving remnant of the tallgrass ecosystem.
Thaddeus Kosciuszko	MM	SE Pa.	1972	.02 (.01)	Commemorates the life and work of Thaddeus Kosciusko.
Theodore Roosevelt	NP	W N.Dak.	1947	70,447 (28,521)	Part of Roosevelt's Elkhorn Ranch; badlands along the Little Missouri River.
Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	.11 (.04)	Birthplace and boyhood home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural	HS	W N.Y.	1966	1 (.4)	Ansley Wilcox House, where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office (1901) as president.
Theodore Roosevelt Island	PO	Washington, D.C., Va.	1932	89 (36)	Wilderness preserve in the Potomac River; a tribute to the “conservationist president.”
Thomas Edison	HP	NE N.J.	1962	21 (9)	Buildings and equipment used by Thomas A. Edison.
Thomas Jefferson	MM	Washington, D.C.	1934	18 (7)	See Thomas Jefferson Memorial.
Thomas Stone	HS	S Md.	1978	328 (133)	Georgian-style home, Habre-de-Ventre, of a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
Timpanogos Cave	MO	N Utah	1922	250 (101)	Limestone cavern on Mt. Timpanogos.
Timucan Ecological and Historic Preserve	PS	NE Fla.	1988	46,263 (18,730)	Atlantic coastal marshes, islands, tidal creeks.
Tonto	MO	Central Ariz.	1907	1,120 (453)	14th-century Native-American cliff dwellings.
Trail of Tears	HT	N.C., Tenn., Ga., Ala., Ark., Okla.	1987	…	2,200-mi (3,540-km) trail commemorates the routes of forced migration of more than 15,000 Cherokee from their ancestral homes.
Tule Lake	MO	NE Calif.	2019	1,391 (563)	Tule Lake War Relocation Center, where Japanese Americans were interned during World War II.
Tule Springs Fossil Beds	MO	S Nev.	2014	22,650 (9,170)	Ice age fossils of mammoths, lions, and camels.
Tumacacori	HP	S Ariz.	1908	360 (146)	Mission founded by Father Eusebio F. Kino; rebuilt by the Franciscans.
Tupelo	BF	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	See Tupelo, Miss.
Tuskegee Airmen	HS	SE Ala.	1999	90 (36)	Site commemorating the African-American Tuskegee Airmen of World War II.
Tuskegee Institute	HS	S Ala.	1974	58 (23)	First institution of higher learning for the vocational training of African Americans; founded in 1881.
Tuzigoot	MO	Central Ariz.	1939	812 (329)	Excavated ruins of a large Native American pueblo.
Ulysses S. Grant	HS	E Mo.	1989	10 (4)	Pre–Civil War home of Ulysses S. Grant.
Upper Delaware	WS	Pa., N.Y.	1978	75,000 (30,364)	Fishing and boating.
Upper Missouri River Breaks	MO	N central Mont.	2001	378,000 (153,036)	Rugged, remote ecosystem paralleling the Upper Missouri National Wild and Scenic River; explored by Lewis and Clark.
Valles Caldera	PS	NW N. Mex.	2014	89,766 (36,343)	12–15 mi-wide (19–24 km) caldera formed by eruptions c. 1.6 and 1.2 million years ago; mountain meadows, abundant wildlife.
Valley Forge	HP	SE Pa.	1976	3,469 (1,404)	Soldiers' huts and preserved buildings re-create the 1777–78 Continental Army encampment.
Vanderbilt Mansion	HS	E N.Y.	1940	212 (86)	19th-century palatial Victorian residence of a grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt.
Vermilion Cliffs	MO	N Ariz.	2000	294,000 (119,028)	Remote cliffs, plateaus, canyons, and desert grasslands; fossilized dinosaur footprints.
Vicksburg	MP	W Miss.	1899	1,815 (735)	Site of the Vicksburg campaign of the Civil War and Vicksburg National Cemetery.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1980	2 (.8)	See Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
Virgin Islands	NP	St. John, Virgin Islands	1956	14,945 (6,051)	Unusual scenery, marine life, coral gardens; ruins of Danish colonial sugar plantations.
Virgin Islands Coral Reef	MO	Off St. John, Virgin Islands	2001	12,708 (5,145)	Mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs, home to many sea animals and birds.
Voyageurs	NP	N Minn.	1971	218,200 (88,340)	Scenic northern lakes region; interesting glacial features and history.
Waco Mammoth	MO	E Central Tex.	2015	5 (2)	Remains of mammoths, camels, and other Pleistocene animals.
Walnut Canyon	MO	N Ariz.	1915	3,201 (1,296)	12th-century Sinagua cliff dwellings.
War in the Pacific	HP	Central Guam	1978	2,031 (822)	Artifacts of World War II in the Pacific theater.
Washington Monument	MM	Washington, D.C.	1848	106 (43)	555-ft (169-m) high obelisk honoring Washington.
Washita Battlefield	HS	Okla.	1848	315 (128)	Site of a Southern Cheyenne village attacked by General Custer on November 27, 1868.
Weir Farm	HS	Conn.	1990	74 (30)	Home and studio of the American impressionist painter J. Alden Weir.
Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity	RA	N Calif.	1965	246,087 (99,630)	Reservoirs, forestland, and Whiskeytown Falls.
White Sands	NP	S N.Mex.	1933	143,704 (58,180)	Wind-drifted gypsum sands.
Whitman Mission	HS	SW Wash.	1936	139 (56)	Site of the mission of Dr. Marcus Whitman.
William Howard Taft	HS	SW Ohio	1969	4 (2)	Birthplace and early home of President William Howard Taft.
Wilson's Creek	BF	SW Mo.	1960	2,408 (975)	Site of first major Civil War engagement west of the Mississippi.
Wind Cave	NP	SW S.Dak.	1903	33,971 (13,753)	Limestone caverns in the Black Hills.
Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts	PO	N Va.	1966	130 (53)	Set in a rolling, wooded landscaped area to provide artistic enjoyment and recreation; first national park for the performing arts.
Women's Rights	HP	W N.Y.	1980	7 (3)	Includes Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, site of first women's rights convention (1848), and the home of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
World War II	MM	Washington, D.C.	2004	7 (3)	Honors members of the armed forces and civilians who supported them during World War II.
Wrangell–St. Elias	PP	SW Alaska	1978	13,175,791 (5,334,328)	Largest unit in the National Park System; numerous peaks over 16,000 ft (4,900 m), abundant wildlife.
Wright Brothers	MM	NE N.C.	1927	428 (173)	Scene of the first (1903) successful flight of the Wright brothers.
Wupatki	MO	N Ariz.	1924	35,402 (14,333)	Several prehistoric pueblos.
Yellowstone	NP	Wyo., Mont., Idaho	1872	2,219,791 (898,701)	Geysers and hot springs, Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone; first national park.
Yosemite	NP	E central Calif.	1890	761,748 (308,400)	Mountain region with Yosemite Valley; notable waterfalls.
Yucca House	MO	SW Colo.	1919	34 (14)	Unexcavated ruins of a prehistoric Native American village.
Yukon-Charley Rivers	PS	E central Alaska	1978	2,526,512 (1,022,879)	Peregrine falcons, 1898 Gold Rush relics.
Zion	NP	SW Utah	1909	147,243 (59,613)	Multicolored canyon in a desert region.

1 –

BF	Battlefield
BP	Battlefield Park
BS	Battlefield Site
HP	Historical Park
HS	Historic Site
HT	Historic Trail
IS	International Historic Site
LS	Lakeshore
MM	Memorial
MO	Monument
MP	Military Park
MR	Monument and Preserve
NR	Reserve
NP	Park
PA	Preserve and Addition
PE	Park and Expansion
PO	Park, other
PP	Park and Preserve
PS	Preserve
PW	Parkway
RA	Recreation Area
RI	River
RR	River and Recreation Area
SS	Seashore
ST	Scenic Trail
WS	Wild, Scenic, or Recreational River or Riverway

National Parks and Monuments

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace	HP	Central Ky.	1916	344.5 (139)	Traditional birthplace cabin in memorial building on site of Lincoln's birthplace.
Acadia	NP	SE Maine	1919	49,075 (19,868)	Mountain and coast scenery.
Adams	HP	E Mass.	1946	23.82 (10)	Home of Presidents John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and other members of the family.
African Burial Ground	MO	SE N.Y.	2006	.35 (.14)	Burial ground for free and enslaved Africans in the 1600s and 1700s.
Agate Fossil Beds	MO	NW Nebr.	1965	3,058 (1,238)	World-famous quarries containing numerous well-preserved Miocene mammal fossils; museum of Native American artifacts.
Agua Fria	MO	Central Ariz.	2000	71,100 (28,796)	A Native American settlement system dating to A.D. 1250–1450, spread over two mesas and the Agua Fria River canyon; more than 450 sites with pueblos, stone forts, and petroglyphs.
Alagnak	WS	SW Alaska	1980	30,665 (12,415)	White water and salmon fishing.
Aleutian Islands World War II	MO	SW Alaska	2019	4,950 (2,004)	World War II sites on three Aleutian Islands.
Alibates Flint Quarries	MO	NW Tex.	1965	1,371 (555)	Flint quarries, first worked by Native Americans c.10,000 years ago; rich archaeological and historic area.
Allegheny Portage Railroad	HS	SW Pa.	1964	1,284 (520)	Inclined-plane railroad that lifted passengers and cargoes of boats on the Pennsylvania Canal over the Allegheny Mts.
American Samoa	NP	American Samoa	1988	13,500 (5,466)	Two rain forest preserves and a coral reef.
Amistad	RA	S Tex.	1965	58,500 (23,693)	U.S. part of Amistad Reservoir, on the Rio Grande.
Andersonville	HS	SW Ga.	1970	516 (209)	Civil War prison camp and national prisoner of war memorial. See under Andersonville.
Andrew Johnson	HS	NE Tenn.	1935	17 (7)	Home, shop, and grave of President Andrew Johnson; site includes Andrew Johnson National Cemetery.
Aniakchak	MR	SW Alaska	1978	601,294 (243,439)	Volcano; wilderness and wildlife preserve.
Antietam	BF	Central Md.	1890	3,231 (1,308)	See Antietam campaign. Antietam (Sharpsburg) National Cemetery adjoins the park.
Apostle Islands	LS	NW Wis.	1970	69,377 (28,078)	Apostle Islands and a strip of the Bayfield Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Superior.
Appalachian	ST	Maine, N.H., Vt., Mass., Conn., N.Y., N.J., Pa., Md., W.Va., Va., Tenn., N.C., Ga.	1968	239,605 (97,006)	See Appalachian Trail.
Appomattox Court House	HP	S central Va.	1930	1,775 (719)	Site of Lee's surrender to Grant. See under Appomattox, Va.
Arches	NP	E Utah	1929	76,679 (31,044)	Giant arches formed by erosion; designated a national park in 1971.
Arkansas Post	MM	SE Ark.	1960	758 (307)	Site of the first permanent French settlement in the lower Mississippi valley. See Arkansas Post.
Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial	MM	NE Va.	1925	28 (11)	Former home of the Custis and Lee families; memorial to Robert E. Lee.
Assateague Island	SS	Md., Va.	1965	41,347 (16,740)	37-mi (60-km) barrier island; beaches; wildlife refuge including wild ponies.
Aztec Ruins	MO	NW N.Mex.	1923	318 (129)	Ruins of a Pueblo town.
Badlands	NP	SW S.Dak.	1929	242,756 (98,282)	Gullies, ridges, and other erosional landforms; fossils. See badlands.
Bandelier	MO	N N.Mex.	1916	33,677 (13,634)	Ruins of 13th-century Pueblo cliff dwellings.
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality	MO	Washington, D.C.	2016	.34 (.13)	Sewall-Belmont House and Museum, headquarters of the National Woman's party.
Bent's Old Fort	HS	SE Colo.	1960	799 (323)	Fur-trading post and rest station on the Santa Fe Trail; built c.1830 by Charles Bent and William Bent. See Bent's Fort.
Bering Land Bridge	PS	NW Alaska	1978	2,697,391 (1,092,061)	Remnant of land bridge that connected Alaska with Asia.
Big Bend	NP	W Tex.	1935	801,163 (324,357)	Canyons and desert plain on the Rio Grande; Chisos Mts. Designated a national park in 1944.
Big Cypress	PA	S Fla.	1974	720,564 (291,726)	Subtropical plant and animal life; ancestral home of Seminole and Miccosukee peoples.
Big Hole	BF	SW Mont.	1910	976 (395)	Scene of 1877 battle between U.S. troops and Nez Percé led by Chief Joseph.
Bighorn Canyon	RA	Mont., Wyo.	1966	120,296 (48,702)	Yellowtail Dam and spectacular Bighorn Canyon, on the Bighorn River.
Big South Fork	RR	Ky., Tenn.	1976	123,694 (50,079)	Scenic gorges and valleys.
Big Thicket	PS	SE Tex.	1974	113,122 (45,798)	Large number of plant and animal species in a convergence of ecosystems.
Birmingham Civil Rights	MO	Central Ala.	2017	18 (7)	Commemorates work of the civil rights movement in Birmingham.
Biscayne	NP	SE Fla.	1968	172,971 (70,029)	Aquatic park encompassing 25 islands. Example of a living coral reef; includes part of Biscayne Bay. Designated a national park in 1980.
Black Canyon of the Gunnison	NP	W Colo.	1933	30,780 (12,462)	Deep, narrow canyon of the Gunnison River, named for its dark-colored walls, which are always in shadow. Designated a national park in 1999.
Blackstone River Valley	HP	Mass., R.I.	2014	1,489 (603)	Historic industrial sites in the Blackstone River Valley.
Blue Ridge	PW	Va., N.C.	1936	98,911 (40,045)	Scenic route in the Blue Ridge Mts. between Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mts. national parks; many roadside parks, lookouts, and trails; the first national parkway.
Bluestone	WS	SW W.Va.	1988	4,310 (1,745)	Fishing, hiking, boating, and scenery.
Booker T. Washington	MO	Central Va.	1956	239 (97)	Birthplace and childhood home of Booker T. Washington.
Boston	HP	E Mass.	1974	44 (18)	Many sites include Old South Meeting House, the home of Paul Revere, obelisk commemorating the Battle of Bunker Hill, and part of the Charlestown Navy Yard.
Boston African American	HS	E Mass.	1980	.59 (.24)	Oldest African-American church in the United States and the Black Heritage Trail.
Boston Harbor Islands	RA	E Mass.	1996	1,482 (600)	More than 30 islands off the Greater Boston coast.
Brices Cross Roads	BS	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	Site of a rout of Union troops by Confederate cavalry under General N. B. Forrest (June 10, 1864).
Brown v. Board of Education	HS	NE Kansas	1992	2 (.8)	See Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.
Bryce Canyon	NP	SW Utah	1924	35,835 (14,508)	Colored rock walls and columnar rock formations along the edge of a plateau.
Buck Island Reef	MO	Buck Island, Virgin Islands	1961	19,015 (7,698)	One of the finest marine gardens in the Caribbean; bird rookeries and grottoes.
Buffalo	RI	NW Ark.	1972	94,293 (38,175)	136-mi (219-km) stretch of the Buffalo River and its valley; the first national river.
Cabrillo	MO	SW Calif.	1913	160 (65)	Memorial to Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo.
California	HT	Missouri River to Calif. and Oreg.	1992	…	Former migration route extending 5,600 mi (9,010 km) from the Missouri River to California and Oregon.
California Coastal	MO	W Calif.	2000	6,230 (2,522)	Thousands of islands, rocks, and reefs within 12 mi (19 km) of California's 840-mi (1,350-km) coastline as well as Point Arena-Stornetta on the mainland; includes nesting grounds of seabirds and marine mammals.
Camp Nelson Heritage	MO	Central Ky.	2018	525 (213)	Union Civil War supply depot, hospital, and training center for African-American troops.
Canaveral	SS	E Fla.	1975	57,662 (23,345)	Barrier island dunes and marshland that includes a wildlife refuge.
Cane River Creole	HP	SE La.	1994	206 (83)	Plantations and other sites associated with the development of Creole culture.
Canyon de Chelly	MO	NE Ariz.	1931	83,840 (33,943)	Ruins of prehistoric Native American villages.
Canyonlands	NP	SE Utah	1964	337,598 (136,679)	Rocks, spires, and mesas; Native American rock art and ruins.
Canyons of the Ancients	MO	SW Colo.	2000	176,000 (71,255)	Rugged landscape that is archaeologically rich, with some sites dating to 10,000 years ago; later pit houses, cliff dwellings, and pueblos.
Cape Cod	SS	SE Mass.	1961	43,608 (17,655)	See Cape Cod.
Cape Hatteras	SS	E N.C.	1937	30,351 (12,288)	The first national seashore. See under Hatteras, Cape.
Cape Krusenstern	MO	Alaska	1978	649,096 (262,792)	Archaeological sites of indigenous communities dating back 4,000 years.
Cape Lookout	SS	E N.C.	1966	28,243 (11,434)	Three barrier islands with beaches, sand dunes, and salt marshes; Cape Lookout Lighthouse.
Capitol Reef	NP	S Utah	1937	241,905 (97,937)	Highly colored sandstone cliffs dissected by gorges; named for a white, dome-shaped rock formation.
Capulin Volcano	MO	NE N.Mex.	1916	793 (321)	Huge cinder cone of inactive volcano.
Carl Sandburg Home	HS	SW N.C.	1968	268 (109)	Farm home of author Carl Sandburg.
Carlsbad Caverns	NP	SE N.Mex.	1923	46,766 (18,934)	Great limestone caverns. Designated a national park in 1930.
Carrizo Plain	MO	W central Calif.	2001	204,107 (82,634)	Grasslands and wetlands, including akali Soda Lake, in Central Valley. Home to threatened or endangered species.
Carter G. Woodson	HS	Washington, D.C.	2006	.15 (.06)	Home of Carter G. Woodson, African-American historian and educator.
Casa Grande Ruins	MO	S Ariz.	1892	473 (191)	Huge building built c.600 years ago and other Ancestral Sonoran adobe ruins.
Cascade-Siskiyou	MO	S central Oreg.	2000	114,000 (46,154)	A biologically diverse and ecologically unique area that also includes Soda Mountain, Pilot Rock, and Siskiyou Pass.
Castillo de San Marcos	MO	NE Fla.	1924	19 (8)	Old Spanish masonry fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Castle Clinton	MO	SE N.Y.	1946	1 (.4)	See Battery, the.
Catoctin Mountain Park	PO	NW Md.	1936	5,891 (2,385)	Campgrounds, trails, and scenic drive located in the Catoctin Mts.; Camp David, the presidential retreat, is there.
Cedar Breaks	MO	SW Utah	1933	6,155 (2,492)	Amphitheater (2,000 ft/610 m deep) formed by erosion.
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove	MO	N Va.	2002	3,707 (1,501)	Site of a Civil War battle and Belle Grove Plantation.
César E. Chávez	MO	S. Calif.	2002	117 (47)	Home and gravesite of César Chávez and United Farm Workers headquarters.
Chaco Culture	HP	NW N.Mex.	1907	33,960 (13,749)	13 pre-Columbian ruins of the Ancestral Pueblo peoples, representing the highest point of Ancestral Pueblo civilization (A.D. 850–1100).
Chamizal	MM	W Tex.	1966	55 (22)	Memorializes the peaceful settlement of the 99-year border dispute between the United States and Mexico.
Channel Islands	NP	SW Calif.	1938	249,561 (101,037)	Part of the Channel Islands. Nesting sea birds, sea lions, island fox, and unique plants.
Charles Pinckney	HS	SE S.C.	1988	28 (11)	Home and estate of American diplomat and framer of the Constitution.
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers	MO	SW Ohio	2013	60 (24)	Home of Colonel Charles Young, a buffalo soldier and the first African-American army colonel.
Chattahoochie River	RA	Georgia	1978	11,254 (4,556)	Series of historic and recreational sites along the Chattahoochie River.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal	HP	D.C., Md., W.Va.	1938	19,612 (7,940)	See Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga	MP	Ga., Tenn.	1890	9,523 (3,855)	Civil War battle sites; first national military park.
Chickasaw	RA	S Okla.	1976	9,899 (4,008)	Mineral springs, streams, and lakes. Name honors Chickasaw Nation; combination of former Platt National Park and Arbuckle National Recreation Area.
Chiricahua	MO	SE Ariz.	1924	12,025 (4,868)	Unusual rock formations.
Christiansted	HS	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1952	27 (11)	Commemorates the Virgin Islands' colonial development, especially under Danish rule in the 18th and 19th cent.
City of Rocks	NR	Idaho	1988	14,407 (5,833)	Granite spires, sculptured rock formations.
Clara Barton	HS	S Md.	1974	9 (4)	Home and offices of the founder of the American Red Cross.
Colonial	HP	SE Va.	1930	8,677 (3,513)	Historic Yorktown, Jamestown, and Cape Henry. Colonial Parkway connects some sites with Williamsburg.
Colorado	MO	W Colo.	1911	20,536 (8,314)	Huge monoliths and other unusual erosional features.
Congaree	NP	Central S.C.	1976	26,640 (10,785)	Last significant tract of southern bottomland hardwood forest in the United States.
Constitution Gardens	PO	Washington, D.C.	1978	39 (16)	Memorial to the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
Continental Divide	ST	Mont., Idaho, Wyo., Colo., N.Mex.	1978	…	Runs the length of much of the Rocky Mountains; 3,100 mi (4,988 km) long.
Coronado	MM	SE Ariz.	1952	4,830 (1,955)	Area near Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's point of entry (1540) into the United States.
Cowpens	BF	NW S.C.	1929	842 (341)	Site of an American militia victory over British infantry and cavalry forces in the Revolutionary battle of Cowpens (Jan. 17, 1781).
Crater Lake	NP	SW Oreg.	1902	183,224 (74,180)	Blue lake in a volcanic crater.
Craters of the Moon	MR	S Idaho	1924	752,378 (304,606)	Volcanic cones, craters, and fissures, and lava fields.
Cumberland Gap	HP	Ky., Tenn., Va.	1940	24,547 (9,938)	Mountain pass of the Wilderness Road. See Cumberland Gap.
Cumberland Island	SS	SE Ga.	1972	36,347 (14,715)	Largest island off Georgia; beaches, sand dunes, marshes, and lakes.
Curecanti	RA	E Colo.	1965	43,591 (17,648)	Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal reservoirs in the upper Black Canyon of the Gunnison.
Cuyahoga Valley	NP	NE Ohio	1974	32,572 (13,187)	Preserves rural character of the Cuyahoga River valley.
Dayton Aviation Heritage	HP	W Ohio	1992	111 (45)	Honors life and work of the Wright brothers, as well as poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.
Death Valley	NP	SE Calif., SW Nev.	1933	3,372,981 (1,365,579)	Lowest point in Western Hemisphere; desert environment.
Delaware Water Gap	RA	N.J., Pa.	1965	68,664 (27,799)	Scenic Delaware Water Gap.
Denali	PP	S Alaska	1917	6,075,029 (2,459,526)	Contains Denali (Mt. McKinley), North America's highest mountain (20,310 ft/6,190 m); wildlife preserve.
De Soto	MM	W Fla.	1948	30 (12)	Commemorates the landing (1539) of Hernando De Soto in Florida and his exploration of the S United States.
Devils Postpile	MO	E Calif.	1911	800 (324)	Basaltic columns, some 60 ft (18 m) high.
Devils Tower	MO	NE Wyo.	1906	1,347 (545)	Volcanic rock tower; first national monument.
Dinosaur	MO	Colo., Utah	1915	210,282 (85,134)	Rich quarries of well-preserved fossils.
Dry Tortugas	NP	S Fla.	1935	64,701 (26,195)	Contains Fort Jefferson, the largest all-masonry fort in the Western Hemisphere, built 1846. See Dry Tortugas.
Ebey's Landing	NR	Whidbey Island, Wash.	1978	19,334 (7,828)	Records exploration and settlement of Puget Sound.
Edgar Allan Poe	HS	SE Pa.	1978	.52 (.21)	In 1843, Poe lived here and wrote several of his most famous stories.
Effigy Mounds	MO	NE Iowa	1949	2,526 (1,023)	Outstanding examples of prehistoric Native American mounds.
Eisenhower	HS	S Pa.	1969	690 (279)	Home and farm of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Eleanor Roosevelt	HS	S N.Y.	1977	181 (73)	Her personal retreat including two restored buildings, tennis court, rose garden, and playhouse.
El Malpais	MO	N.Mex.	1987	114,347 (46,294)	In English, “the badlands”; volcanic area; also rich in Pueblo history.
El Morro	MO	W N.Mex.	1906	1,279 (518)	Sandstone monolith with inscriptions of Spanish explorers and American pioneers.
Eugene O'Neill	HS	N Calif.	1976	13 (5)	Restored home of the playwright.
Everglades	PE	S Fla.	1934	1,508,939 (610,906)	Subtropical wilderness with prairies, mangroves, great variety of birds. See Everglades.
Federal Hall	MM	SE N.Y.	1939	.45 (.18)	Site of the first seat of the federal government and George Washington's inauguration (1789).
Fire Island	SS	SE N.Y.	1964	19,581 (7,928)	Covers section of Fire Island.
First Ladies	HS	NE Ohio	2000	.46 (.19)	Home of Ida Saxton McKinley; honors all U.S. first ladies.
First State	HP	Del., Pa.	2013	1,155 (468)	Site relating to Delaware's ratification of the Constitution and to Delaware Valley history.
Flight 93	MM	SW Pa.	2002	2,319 (939)	See Flight 93 National Memorial.
Florida	ST	S Fla.	1983	…	Subtropical plant and animal life along 1,300-mi (2,092-km) trail.
Florissant Fossil Beds	MO	Central Colo.	1969	5,998 (2,428)	Well-preserved insect, seed, and leaf fossils of the Oligocene period; petrified sequoia tree stumps.
Ford's Theatre	HS	Washington, D.C.	1970	.30 (.12)	Site of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination and death; includes the Lincoln Museum.
Fort Bowie	HS	SE Ariz.	1964	999 (404)	Ruins of a fort (est. 1862) that was the base of military operations against Geronimo and his followers.
Fort Caroline	MM	NE Fla.	1950	138 (56)	Area overlooking the site of Fort Caroline.
Fort Davis	HS	W Tex.	1961	523 (212)	Key post in the defensive system of W Texas, guarding (1854–91) the San Antonio–El Paso road through the Davis Mts.
Fort Donelson	BF	NW Tenn.	1928	1,319 (534)	Site of first Union Army victory; Civil War cemetery.
Fort Frederica	MO	SE Ga.	1936	284 (115)	Ruins of a fort built by James Oglethorpe on one of the Sea Islands.
Fort Laramie	HS	SE Wyo.	1938	873 (353)	Buildings of an old fort on the Oregon Trail.
Fort Larned	HS	Central Kansas	1964	718 (291)	Protected the Santa Fe Trail; served as a military base during the Plains War (1860s) and later as an Indian Bureau administrative center.
Fort McHenry	MO	N Md.	1925	43 (17)	See Fort McHenry.
Fort Matanzas	MO	NE Fla.	1924	300 (121)	Spanish fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Fort Monroe	MO	SE Va.	2011	367 (149)	See Fort Monroe.
Fort Necessity	BF	SW Pa.	1931	903 (366)	George Washington's troops defeated here in 1754.
Fort Point	HS	W Calif.	1970	29 (12)	Brick and granite mid-19th-century coastal fortification.
Fort Pulaski	MO	SE Ga.	1924	5,623 (2,277)	Fort on Cockspur Island. See Fort Pulaski.
Fort Raleigh	HS	NE N.C.	1941	513 (208)	Site of the first attempted settlement by the English in North America. See Roanoke Island.
Fort Scott	HS	SE Kansas	1965	17 (7)	Commemorates historic events in Kansas prior to and during the Civil War.
Fort Smith	HS	NW Ark.	1961	75 (30)	One of the first U.S. military posts in the Louisiana Purchase; maintained law and order in the Oklahoma Territory. See Fort Smith, Ark.
Fort Stanwix	MO	Central N.Y.	1935	16 (6)	See Fort Stanwix.
Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie	HP	SE S.C.	1948	235 (95)	Scene of the engagement that opened the Civil War. See Fort Sumter; Fort Moultrie.
Fort Union	MO	NW N.Mex.	1954	721 (292)	Ruins of a U.S. army fort on the Santa Fe Trail.
Fort Union Trading Post	HS	N.Dak., Mont.	1966	440 (178)	American Fur Company trading post during the 19th cent.
Fort Vancouver	HS	SW Wash.	1948	207 (84)	Site of a Hudson's Bay Company post (1825–49) and later of a U.S. army fort.
Fort Washington Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1930	341 (138)	19th-century fort.
Fossil Butte	MO	W Wyo.	1972	8,198 (3,319)	Area containing Paleocene–Eocene fossil fish.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1997	8 (3)	Monument to Roosevelt on the Mall in the nation's capital.
Frederick Douglass	HS	Washington, D.C.	1962	9 (4)	Home of the abolitionist and writer; contains original furnishings, photographs, lithographs, and his library.
Frederick Law Olmsted	HS	E Mass.	1979	7 (3)	Site of Olmsted's home and business containing lithographs and original furnishings.
Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania	MP	NE Va.	1927	8,405 (3,403)	Contains portions of four major Civil War battlefields (see Fredericksburg, battle of) and a national cemetery.
Freedom Riders	MO	NE Ala.	2017	6 (2)	Sites of mob attacks against an integrated group of Freedom Riders.
Friendship Hill	HS	SW Pa.	1978	675 (273)	Home of Albert Gallatin, U.S. secretary of the treasury under Presidents Jefferson and Madison.
Gates of the Arctic	PP	N Alaska	1978	8,472,506 (3,430,164)	Vast wilderness within the Arctic Circle.
Gateway	RA	N.Y., N.J.	1972	26,607 (10,772)	Beaches, marshes, islands, and waters in and around New York City. One of the first two national urban recreation areas.
Gateway Arch	NP	E Mo.	1935	193 (78)	Area commemorating westward exploration and settlement; includes Gateway Arch. See Saint Louis, Mo.
Gauley River	RA	W Va.	1988	11,566 (4,683)	Passes through scenic valleys and gorges; whitewater boating.
General Grant	MM	SE N.Y.	1958	.76 (.31)	Tomb of President Ulysses S. Grant and his wife, Julia.
George Rogers Clark	HP	SW Ind.	1966	26 (11)	Memorial near the site of old Fort Sackville, seized from the British by General G. R. Clark in 1779.
George Washington Birthplace	MO	E Va.	1930	653 (264)	Estate and reconstructed mansion. See Wakefield.
George Washington Carver	MO	SW Mo.	1943	240 (97)	Birthplace and boyhood home of George Washington Carver.
George Washington Memorial Parkway	PW	Va., D.C., Md.	1930	7,037 (2,849)	Parkway connecting landmarks associated with the life of George Washington along both sides of the Potomac River from Mt. Vernon to Great Falls.
Gettysburg	MP	S Pa.	1895	6,032 (2,442)	Civil War battlefield and cemetery; site of President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. See Gettysburg, Pa.
Giant Sequoia	MO	E Calif.	2000	328,315 (132,921)	Last remaining groves of ancient sequoia trees within Sequoia National Forest.
Gila Cliff Dwellings	MO	SW N.Mex.	1907	533 (216)	Well-preserved dwellings built by the Pueblo into a 150-ft (46-m) cliff.
Glacier	NP	NW Mont.	1910	1,013,126 (410,172)	Glaciers, forests, and lakes; on the Continental Divide.
Glacier Bay	PP	SE Alaska	1925	3,281,789 (1,328,660)	Active tidewater glaciers, inland fjords, preserved land and marine ecosystems.
Glen Canyon	RA	Ariz., Utah	1958	1,254,117 (507,740)	Lake Powell, formed by the Glen Canyon Dam.
Golden Gate	RA	W Calif.	1972	82,027 (33,209)	Beaches, forests, marshes, San Francisco's Presidio, and Alcatraz Island. One of the first urban national recreation areas.
Golden Spike	HP	N Utah	1957	2,735 (1,107)	Site where the Union Pacific RR and the Central Pacific RR joined to form the first transcontinental railroad.
Governors Island	MO	SE N.Y.	2003	23 (9)	Early 1800s fortifications in New York harbor and their surroundings.
Grand Canyon	NP	NW Ariz.	1908	1,201,647 (486,497)	Great gorge of the Colorado River. See Grand Canyon.
Grand Canyon–Parashant	MO	NW Ariz.	2000	1,014,000 (410,526)	Canyons, mountains, and buttes on the W portion of the Grand Canyon's north rim. Prehistoric and 19th-century remains; rare condors and tortoises.
Grand Portage	MO	NE Minn.	1951	710 (287)	9-mi (14-km) portage on the route to the Northwest used by explorers, missionaries, and fur traders.
Grand Staircase–Escalante	MO	S Utah	1996	838,026 (339,282)	Rock formations; natural arches and bridges; prehistoric dwellings and rock art; fossil sites.
Grand Teton	NP	NW Wyo.	1929	310,044 (125,524)	Scenic portion of the Teton Range; Jackson Hole.
Grant-Kohrs Ranch	HS	W Mont.	1972	1,618 (655)	Headquarters of one of the largest 19th-century range ranches.
Great Basin	NP	E Nev.	1986	77,180 (31,247)	Features Lehman Caves, an ice field on Wheeler Peak, ancient bristlecone pines, and a limestone arch. See Great Basin.
Great Egg Harbor	WS	SW N.J.	1992	43,311 (17,535)	Largest canoeing river in the Pine Barrens.
Great Sand Dunes	PP	S Colo.	1932	149,028 (60,335)	Large, high sand dunes in the Sangre de Cristo Mts.
Great Smoky Mountains	NP	N.C., Tenn.	1926	522,427 (211,509)	Wild, beautiful area in the Great Smoky Mountains.
Greenbelt Park	PO	W central Md.	1950	1,175 (476)	Woodland park.
Guadalupe Mountains	NP	W Tex.	1966	86,367 (34,966)	Mountain region; contains a limestone fossil reef.
Guilford Courthouse	MP	N N.C.	1917	253 (102)	See Guilford Courthouse, battle of.
Gulf Islands	SS	Fla., Miss.	1971	138,306 (55,994)	Historic forts and white sand beaches near Pensacola, Fla.; Fort Massachusetts and primitive offshore islands in S Miss.
Hagerman Fossil Beds	MO	S Idaho	1988	4,351 (1,762)	Fossils dating from the Pliocene era.
Haleakala	NP	Maui Island, Hawaii	1916	33,265 (13,468)	Haleakala crater; rare and endangered species.
Hamilton Grange	MM	SE N.Y.	1962	1.75 (.71)	Home of Alexander Hamilton.
Hampton	HS	NE Md.	1948	62 (25)	Late-18th-century Georgian mansion.
Hanford Reach	MO	S central Wash.	2000	195,000 (78,947)	Free-flowing nontidal stretch of the Columbia River with salmon spawning grounds and a preserved shrub-steppe ecosystem.
Harpers Ferry	HP	Md., W.Va.	1944	3,656 (1,480)	See Harpers Ferry.
Harriet Tubman	HP	W N.Y.	2017	32 (13)	Home and church of Harriet Tubman.
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad	HP	SE Md.	2013	480 (194)	Commemorates Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad.
Harry S. Truman	HS	W Mo.	1983	13 (5)	Home of Harry S. Truman from 1919 until 1972.
Hawaii Volcanoes	NP	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1916	323,654 (131,034)	Volcanic region; lush vegetation.
Herbert Hoover	HS	E Iowa	1965	187 (76)	Birthplace, childhood home, and burial place of President Herbert Hoover.
Hohokam Pima	MO	Central Ariz.	1972	1,690 (684)	Archaeological remains of the Hohokam culture.
Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt	HS	SE N.Y.	1944	833 (337)	Home, “Summer White House,” and burial place of Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt. See Hyde Park.
Homestead	MO	SE Nebr.	1936	211 (85)	Site of the first farm claimed under the Homestead Act.
Honouliuli	HS	Oahu, Hawaii	2015	154 (62)	Site of a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp that held Japanese and European American citizens and immigrants.
Hopewell Culture	HP	S Ohio	1923	1,770 (716)	Prehistoric burial mounds of Hopewell people.
Hopewell Furnace	HS	SE Pa.	1938	848 (343)	19th-century iron making site with reconstructed buildings and furnished cottages.
Horseshoe Bend	MP	E Ala.	1956	2,040 (826)	See Horseshoe Bend.
Hot Springs	NP	W central Ark.	1921	5,548 (2,246)	Mineral springs.
Hovenweep	MO	Utah, Colo.	1923	785 (318)	Prehistoric Native American pueblos and cliff dwellings.
Hubbell Trading Post	HS	NE Ariz.	1965	160 (65)	Example of a late-19th-century trading post in the Southwest.
Ice Age	ST	S Wis.	1980	…	1,200-mi (1,900-km) trail follows glacial moraines.
Iditarod	HT	Alaska	1978	…	Former Alaska Gold Rush trail extending 2,350 mi (3,781 km) from Seward to Nome.
Independence	HP	SE Pa.	1948	45 (18)	Historic points of interest and the Liberty Bell; site of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. See Independence Hall.
Indiana Dunes	NP	NW Ind.	1966	15,348 (6,214)	200-ft (60-m) sand dunes, beaches, and marshes along the south shore of Lake Michigan.
Ironwood Forest	MO	S Ariz.	2000	129,000 (52,227)	Mountainous desert landscape with large stands of ironwood trees; saguaro forests and bighorn sheep; historic Hohokam sites.
Isle Royale	NP	NW Mich.	1931	571,790 (231,494)	Forested island in Lake Superior.
James A. Garfield	HS	NE Ohio	1980	8 (3)	Home of the 20th president and site of the first presidential memorial library.
Jean Lafitte	HP	SE La.	1939	22,421 (9,073)	Includes New Orleans' French Quarter, the Chalmette Battlefield, and the Barataria and Acadian units.
Jewel Cave	MO	SW S.Dak.	1908	1,274 (516)	Limestone caves with chambers connected by narrow passages; in the Black Hills.
Jimmy Carter	HS	SW Georgia	1987	72 (29)	Buildings and exhibits associated with the 39th president's life.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr.	PW	NW Wyo.	1972	23,777 (9,626)	Scenic corridor between Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks commemorating Rockefeller's role in the creation of many national parks.
John Day Fossil Beds	MO	N central Oreg.	1974	14,062 (5,693)	Consists of Sheep Rock, Painted Hills, and Clarno locations; rich fossil remains from four prehistoric periods.
John Fitzgerald Kennedy	HS	E Mass.	1967	.09 (.04)	Birthplace and early boyhood home of President John F. Kennedy.
John Muir	HS	W Calif.	1964	344 (139)	John Muir House and Martínez Adobe, commemorating contributions of John Muir to conservation and literature.
Johnstown Flood	MM	SE Pa.	1964	178 (72)	Memorializes the Johnstown flood of 1889. See Johnstown, Pa.
Joshua Tree	NP	S Calif.	1936	790,636 (320,096)	Rare Joshua trees, or “praying plants”; named by Mormons because of upstretched arms.
Juan Bautista de Anza	HT	W Calif.	1990	…	1,200-mi (1,931-km) trail traces the path of Spanish colonists.
Kalaupapa	HP	N Molokai Island, Hawaii	1980	10,779 (4,364)	Site of former leper colony separated from the island by 2,000-ft (610-m) cliff; ruins of Hawaiian structures.
Kaloko-Honokohau	HP	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1978	1,163 (471)	Site of important pre-European settlements.
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks	MO	N central N.Mex.	2001	4,645 (1,881)	Canyons, cliffs, and cone-shaped rock formations with nesting birds.
Katahdin Woods and Waters	MO	N central Maine	2016	87,564 (35,451)	Mountains and wilderness in Maine's North Woods.
Katmai	PP	SE Alaska	1918	4,093,228 (1,657,177)	Deep forest with lakes and active volcanoes.
Kenai Fjords	NP	S Alaska	1978	669,650 (271,113)	Wilderness preserve, vast ice fields, fjords, and outflowing glaciers.
Kennesaw Mountain	BP	NW Ga.	1917	2,965 (1,200)	Site of Sherman's attack on Confederate forces in the Atlanta campaign.
Keweenaw	HP	NW Mich.	1992	1,870 (757)	Preserves features relevant to the first significant copper mining in the United States.
Kings Canyon	NP	E central Calif.	1890	461,901 (187,004)	Canyons, peaks, sequoias.
Kings Mountain	MP	N S.C.	1931	3,945 (1,597)	Site of a crucial American victory (Oct. 7, 1780) over the British during the Revolution.
Klondike Gold Rush	HP	SW Alaska, NW Wa.	1976	12,996 (5,262)	Sites connected with the 1898 Klondike gold rush including Seattle's Pioneer Square, the miners' point of departure.
Knife River Indian Villages	HS	Central N.Dak.	1974	1,749 (708)	Ruins of villages of Hidasta and Mandan Native Americans.
Kobuk Valley	NP	NW Alaska	1978	1,750,716 (708,792)	A wildlife preserve north of the Arctic Circle; archaeological remnants of 10,000 years of human habitation.
Korean War Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1986	2 (.8)	Grouping of 19 infantry soldiers standing before a polished granite wall.
Lake Chelan	RA	N Wash.	1968	61,946 (25,079)	Located in the Stehekin Valley and in the northern part of fjordlike Lake Chelan.
Lake Clark	PP	S Alaska	1978	4,030,110 (1,631,623)	Waterfalls, tundra, and active volcanoes.
Lake Mead	RA	Ariz., Nev.	1936	1,495,816 (605,594)	Lake Mead, formed by Hoover Dam, and Lake Mohave, formed by Davis Dam; the first national recreation area established by Congress.
Lake Meredith	RA	NW Tex.	1965	44,978 (18,210)	Includes Lake Meredith, on the Canadian River, a popular water-sports area.
Lake Roosevelt	RA	NE Wash.	1946	100,390 (40,644)	Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, formed by the Grand Coulee Dam in the Columbia River; interesting geology.
Lassen Volcanic	NP	N Calif.	1907	106,589 (43,153)	Volcanic peaks and lava formations.
Lava Beds	MO	N Calif.	1925	46,692 (18,904)	Examples of volcanism; scene of Modoc uprising.
Lewis and Clark	HP	NW Oreg., SW Wash.	1958	3,410 (1,381)	Fort Clatsop, site of the winter encampment of the Lewis and Clark expedition, and other sites associated with it. Jointly managed with nearby state historical parks.
Lewis and Clark	HT	Mo., Neb., S.Dak., N.Dak., Mont., Idaho, Oreg.	1978	…	4,900-mi (7,890-km) trail commemorates the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Lincoln Boyhood	MM	SW Ind.	1962	200 (81)	Site of the farm where Abraham Lincoln was raised and the burial place of his mother, Mary Hanks Lincoln.
Lincoln Home	HS	Central Ill.	1971	12 (5)	Only private home owned by Abraham Lincoln; he was living there when he was elected president.
Lincoln Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1911	7 (3)	See Lincoln Memorial.
Little Bighorn Battlefield	MO	SE Mont.	1879	765 (310)	Site of the battle between five companies of the Seventh Cavalry, commanded by George Armstrong Custer, and the Sioux and Cheyenne.
Little River Canyon	PS	NE Ala.	1992	15,289 (6,190)	Rock expanses, benches, and bluffs; kayaking and rock climbing.
Little Rock Central High School	HS	Central Ark.	1998	28 (11)	Site commemorating the “Little Rock Nine” and the fight for desegregation in the schools.
Longfellow House–Washington's Headquarters	HS	E Mass.	1972	2 (.8)	Home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1837–82) in Cambridge; also George Washington's headquarters during the siege of Boston (1775–76).
Lowell	HP	NE Mass.	1978	142 (57)	Restored site of cotton mill traces the history of the Industrial Revolution.
Lower Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.	2000	…	67-mi (108-km) stretch of the Delaware River.
Lower St. Croix	WS	E Minn., NW Wis.	1972	25,276 (10,233)	First river segment added by Congress to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Program.
Lyndon B. Johnson	HP	SE Tex.	1969	1,572 (636)	Sites of the birthplace, boyhood home, and ranch of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac	MM	NE Va.	1973	17 (7)	Grove of 500 white pines overlooking Potomac River vista of the capital.
Maggie L. Walker	HS	E Central Va.	1978	1 (.4)	Home of African-American bank president and early leader in the women's movement.
Mammoth Cave	NP	Central Ky.	1926	54,012 (21,867)	Longest recorded cave system in the world.
Manassas	BP	NE Va.	1940	5,073 (2,054)	See Bull Run.
Manhattan Project	HP	Tenn., N.Mex., Wash.	2015	114 (46)	Sites associated with the Manhattan Project.
Manzanar	HS	E Calif.	1992	814 (330)	Site of World War II internment of Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller	HP	Vt.	1992	643 (260)	Home of pioneer conservationist George Perkins Marsh.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	MM	Washington, D.C.	2011	3 (1)	Statue and museum dedicated to the life and work of the civil-rights leader.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	HP	N Ga.	1980	39 (16)	Birthplace, church, and grave of the civil-rights leader.
Martin Van Buren	HS	SE N.Y.	1974	285 (115)	Home of the 8th president.
Mary McLeod Bethune Council House	HS	Washington, D.C.	1982	.07 (.03)	Home and political headquarters of the educator and activist; the carriage house contains the Bethune Archives.
Mesa Verde	NP	SW Colo.	1906	52,485 (21,249)	Prehistoric cliff dwellings.
Middle Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.		…	A 40-mi (64-km) stretch of the Delaware River in the Delaware Water Gap.
Minidoka	HS	S Idaho	2001	396 (160)	Site of a World War II internment camp for Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Minute Man	HP	E Mass.	1959	1,028 (416)	Scene of fighting on the opening day of the Revolutionary War; includes North Bridge, Minute Man statue, Battle Road (see Lexington and Concord, battles of), and the home of Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Minuteman Missile	HS	SW S.D.	1999	44 (18)	Cold war intercontinental ballistic missile arsenal.
Mississippi	RR	SE Minn.	1988	53,775 (21,771)	Cultural, historical, and industrial features of the Mississippi River.
Missouri	WS	S.Dak., Neb.	1978	48,457 (19,618)	Two free-flowing portions of Missouri River with islands, bars, and chutes; native floodplain forest.
Mojave	PS	S Calif.	1994	1,545,684 (625,783)	Dunes, cinder cones, historic mining scenes; protects fragile habitat of the desert tortoise.
Mojave Trails	MO	S Calif.	2016	1,600,000 (647,773)	Mountain ranges, lava flows, sand dunes; World War II desert training sites.
Monocacy	BF	W Md.	1976	1,627 (659)	Site commemorates the first successful defense of Washington, D.C., during the Civil War.
Montezuma Castle	MO	Central Ariz.	1906	1,016 (411)	Well-preserved prehistoric cliff dwellings.
Moores Creek	BF	SE N.C.	1926	88 (36)	Site of a battle between Patriots and Loyalists.
Mormon Pioneer	HT	Ill., Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah	1978	…	Historic trail follows the 1,300-mi (2,090-km) route taken by Brigham Young and his followers in 1847–48.
Morristown	HP	N N.J.	1933	1,711 (693)	Site of military encampments during the Revolution; Washington's headquarters, 1779–80.
Mount Rainier	NP	SW Wash.	1899	236,382 (95,701)	Volcanic peak and glaciers; subalpine meadows.
Mount Rushmore	MM	SW S.Dak.	1925	1,278 (517)	Carvings of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt on the granite face of Mt. Rushmore.
Muir Woods	MO	W Calif.	1908	554 (224)	Virgin stand of coastal redwoods.
Natchez	HP	SW Miss.	1988	108 (44)	Melrose plantation and other antebellum buildings.
Natchez Trace	ST	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1983	10,995 (4,451)	Sections of the original Natchez Trace.
Natchez Trace	PW	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1938	52,302 (21,175)	Parkway following the general location of the old trail known as the Natchez Trace.
National Mall	PO	Washington, D.C.	1933	156 (63)	Landscaped park, part of the L'Enfant Plan for Washington, D.C.
Natural Bridges	MO	SE Utah	1908	7,636 (3,091)	Three huge natural sandstone bridges.
Navajo	MO	NE Ariz.	1909	360 (146)	Ruins of large cliff dwellings.
New Bedford Whaling	HP	SE Mass.	1996	34 (14)	Commemorates the whaling heritage of New Bedford; includes a whaling museum.
Newberry	MO	Central Oreg.	1990	54,000 (21,862)	Volcano caldera, with lava flows, cinder cones, and the Lava Cast Forest.
New Orleans Jazz	HP	SE La.	1994	5 (2)	Preserves and interprets jazz as it has evolved in New Orleans.
New River Gorge	RI	W Va.	1978	72,186 (29,225)	Rugged whitewater river flows through deep canyons.
Nez Percé	HP	Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.	1965	4,565 (1,848)	38 sites that preserve and commemorate the history and culture of the Nez Percé.
Nez Percé	HT	Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyo.	1986	…	1,170-mi (1,883-km) trail commemorates the retreat of the Nez Percé under Chief Joseph in 1877.
Nicodemus	HS	NW Kans.	1996	161 (65)	Site of town established by African Americans during Reconstruction.
Ninety Six	HS	NW S.C.	1976	1,022 (414)	A frontier trading post and Revolutionary War stronghold.
Niobrara	WS	N Nebr.	1991	29,101 (11,782)	Ecological crossroads between eastern woodlands and western grasslands.
Noatak	PS	NW Alaska	1978	6,587,071 (2,666,830)	Mountain-ringed river basin.
North Cascades	NP	N Wash.	1968	504,781 (204,365)	Area of noted alpine scenery in the Cascade Range; bisected by Ross Lake National Recreation Area.
North Country	ST	N.Y. to N.Dak.	1980	…	Extends 4,500 mi (7,250 km), connecting seven northern tier states.
Obed	WS	E Tenn.	1976	5,490 (2,223)	Numerous streams and rugged scenery.
Ocmulgee Mounds	HP	Central Ga.	1934	704 (285)	Remains of prehistoric temple mounds.
Olympic	NP	NW Wash.	1909	922,649 (373,542)	Rain forests and glaciers in the Olympic Mountains.
Oregon	HT	Mo. to Oreg.	1978	…	Traces the c.2,000-mi (3,200-km) route of pioneers in 1841–60.
Oregon Caves	MR	SW Oreg.	1909	4,544 (1,840)	Limestone caverns with four levels; rock formations.
Organ Pipe Cactus	MO	S Ariz.	1937	330,689 (133,882)	Unique Sonoran Desert plants and animals.
Overmountain Victory	HT	Tenn., Va., N.C., S.C.	1980	…	Follows the 330-mi (530-km) path of revolutionary Patriots.
Ozark	WS	SE Mo.	1964	80,785 (32,706)	Scenic parts of the Current and Jacks Fork rivers; the first national scenic river.
Pacific Crest	ST	Calif., Oreg., Wash.	1968	…	Follows the Sierra and Cascade peaks 2,650 mi (4,265 km) from Mexico to Canada; one of the first two components of the National Trails System.
Padre Island	SS	S Tex.	1962	130,434 (52,807)	See Padre Island, Tex.
Palo Alto Battlefield	HP	S Tex.	1978	3,442 (1,394)	Site of the first major battle of the Mexican War.
Paterson Great Falls	HP	NE N.J.	2009	51 (21)	Industrial history sites on the Great Falls of the Passaic River.
Pea Ridge	MP	NW Ark.	1956	4,300 (1,741)	Site of the Civil War battle of Pea Ridge, which saved Missouri for the Union.
Pearl Harbor	MM	Oahu Island, Hawaii	2019	21 (9)	Commemorates the Dec. 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor; includes the USS Arizona Memorial.
Pecos	HP	N N.Mex.	1965	6,693 (2,710)	15th-century ruins of Pecos Pueblo, once the largest Native American settlement in the Southwest.
Pennsylvania Avenue	HS	Washington, D.C.	1965	18 (7)	Portion of Pennsylvania Ave. and adjacent area between the Capitol and the White House.
Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial	MM	N Ohio	1936	25 (10)	Scene of the victory near Put-in Bay of Oliver H. Perry in the War of 1812.
Petersburg	BF	SE Va.	1926	9,638 (3,902)	Scene of the Battle of the Crater and a 10-month Union campaign (1864–65) to seize Petersburg, Va.
Petrified Forest	NP	E Ariz.	1906	221,390 (89,632)	Petrified logs; portions of the Painted Desert.
Petroglyph	MO	Central N.Mex.	1990	7,209 (2,919)	More than 15,000 prehistoric and historic Native American and Hispanic petroglyphs and rock art carvings.
Pictured Rocks	LS	N Mich.	1966	73,236 (29,650)	Sandstone cliffs, marshes, dunes, and waterfalls along Lake Superior; the first national lakeshore.
Pinnacles	NP	W Calif.	1908	26,686 (10,804)	Rock spires from 500 to 1,200 ft (150 to 365 m) high; caves.
Pipe Spring	MO	NW Ariz.	1923	40 (16)	Spring first visited by the Mormons; old fort.
Pipestone	MO	SW Minn.	1937	282 (114)	Quarry that was a source for Native American peace pipes; park includes Upper Midwest Indian Cultural Center.
Piscataway Park	PO	S Md.	1961	4,616 (1,869)	Preserves the view from Mt. Vernon of the opposite shore of the Potomac River.
Point Reyes	SS	W Calif.	1962	71,053 (28,766)	Coastal area with beaches and steep bluffs.
Pompeys Pillar	MO	S central Mont.	2001	51 (21)	Large sandstone butte on Yellowstone River with inscription by William Clark.
Pony Express	HT	Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah, Nev., Calif.	1992	…	Follows the 1,966-mi (3,163-km) route of the pony express riders in 1860–61.
Port Chicago Naval Magazine	MM	Central Calif.	1992	5 (2)	Site of a massive munitions explosion in 1944; World War II's worst home front disaster.
Potomac Heritage	ST	Va., D.C., Md., Pa.	1983	…	704-mi (1,133-km) trail connects the tidewater regions to the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania.
Poverty Point	MO	NE La.	1988	911 (369)	Remains of a 2d millenium B.C. culture.
President Lincoln and Soldier's Home	MO	Washington, D.C.	2000	2.3 (.9)	Historic Anderson Cottage, used as a summer retreat by Lincoln and other presidents.
President's Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1943	82 (33)	Includes the White House, Lafayette Square, the Ellipse, and the White House Visitor Center.
President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home	HS	SW Ark.	2010	.68 (.28)	Early childhood home of President Bill Clinton.
Prince William Forest Park	PO	NE Va.	1936	16,081 (6,511)	Pine and hardwood forests of the Quantico Creek watershed.
Pullman	MO	Chicago, Ill.	2015	203 (82)	America's first planned industrial town; factories and buildings associated with the Pullman Palace Car Company.
Pu'uhonua o Honaunau	HP	SW Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1955	420 (170)	Ancient Hawaiian sanctuary and royal residence.
Puukohola Heiau	HS	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1972	86 (35)	Ruins of temple built (1791) by King Kamehameha the Great.
Rainbow Bridge	MO	S Utah	1910	160 (65)	Pink sandstone arch.
Reconstruction Era	HP	SE S.C.	2017	16 (6)	Sites associated with emancipated African Americans and Reconstruction.
Redwood	NP	NW Calif.	1968	138,999 (56,275)	Coastal redwood forests.
Richmond	BP	E Va.	1936	8,171 (3,308)	Commemorates Civil War battles of Cold Harbor, Drewry's Bluff, Gaines Mill, Malvern Hill, and Beaver Dam Creek.
Rio Grande	WS	S Tex.	1978	13,123 (5,313)	U.S. shore of the Rio Grande in the Chihuahuan Desert.
River Raisin	BP	SE Mich.	2010	42 (17)	Site of the Battle of Frenchtown during the War of 1812.
Rock Creek Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1890	1,755 (711)	Wooded preserve, one of the largest urban parks in the nation.
Rocky Mountain	NP	Central Colo.	1915	265,807 (107,614)	Scenic Rocky Mountains region on the Continental Divide; many high, snowcapped peaks.
Roger Williams	MM	E R.I.	1965	5 (2)	Memorial to Roger Williams, the founder of the Rhode Island colony and a pioneer of religious freedom.
Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front	HP	W. Calif.	2000	145 (59)	Shipyards and a tank factory; the civilian home front during World War II.
Ross Lake	RA	N Wash.	1968	117,575 (47,601)	Extends along the Skagit River canyon; bisects North Cascades National Park.
Russell Cave	MO	NE Ala.	1961	310 (126)	Cave containing a nearly continuous archaeological record of human habitation from about 7000 B.C. to A.D. 1650.
Sagamore Hill	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	83 (34)	Estate and Victorian-style home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Saguaro	NP	SE Ariz.	1933	91,716 (37,132)	Saguaro, other cacti, varied desert growth.
Saint Croix	WS	Minn., Wis.	1968	67,467 (27,315)	200 mi (322 km) of the St. Croix River and its Namekagon tributary; trails, camping, boating.
Saint Croix Island	IS	E Maine	1949	6.5 (3)	Commemorates the French settlement on the island in the Saint Croix River.
Saint-Gaudens	HP	W N.H.	1964	191 (77)	Memorial to sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens; his home, studios, gardens.
Saint Paul's Church	HS	SE N.Y.	1943	6 (2)	18th-century church associated with the events leading to the arrest of John Peter Zenger; includes Bill of Rights museum.
Salem Maritime	HS	NE Mass.	1938	9 (4)	Wharves and buildings important during Salem's seafaring days.
Salinas Pueblo Missions	MO	Central N.Mex.	1909	1,071 (434)	Four 17th-century mission churches and ruins of three Pueblo villages.
Salt River Bay	HP	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1992	989 (400)	Fort Sale; upland watersheds, mangrove forests, estuarine and marine environments.
San Antonio Missions	HP	S central Tex.	1978	948 (384)	Four missions situated on the San Antonio River; important examples of Spanish cultural influence.
Sand Creek Massacre	HS	E Colo	2007	12,583 (5,094)	Site of the 1864 massacre of the Cheyenne (see Sand Creek).
Sand to Snow	MO	S Calif	2016	154,000 (62,348)	See Sand to Snow National Monument.
San Francisco Maritime	HP	N Calif.	1988	50 (20)	Largest collection of historic ships in the United States; exhibits on maritime history.
San Juan	HS	NE Puerto Rico	1949	75 (30)	Oldest fortification within the limits of U.S. territory, built (16th cent.) by the Spanish to protect the harbor guarding the sea lanes to the New World.
San Juan Island	HP	NW Wash.	1966	2,146 (869)	Dedicated to the peaceful relationship between the United States, Britain, and Canada since the San Juan Boundary Dispute.
Santa Fe	HT	Mo., Kans., Okla., Col., N.Mex.	1987	…	Traces the 1,203-mi (1,936-km) route of the Santa Fe Trail.
Santa Monica Mountains	RA	SW Calif.	1978	156,618 (63,408)	Rugged, chaparral-covered landscape fronting on sandy beaches.
Saratoga	HP	E N.Y.	1938	3,579 (1,449)	Scene of a famous battle in the American Revolution. See Saratoga campaign.
Saugus Iron Works	HS	E Mass.	1968	9 (4)	Reconstruction of the 17th-century Colonial ironworks.
Scotts Bluff	MO	W Nebr.	1919	3,005 (1,217)	Landmark on the Oregon Trail.
Sequoia	NP	E Calif.	1890	404,063 (163,588)	Groves of giant sequoias.
Shenandoah	NP	N Va.	1926	199,218 (80,655)	Forested region of the Blue Ridge Mts.
Shiloh	MP	SW Tenn.	1894	7,932 (3,211)	Site of the Civil War battle of Shiloh. Shiloh National Cemetery is there.
Sitka	HP	SE Alaska	1910	116 (47)	Site of the Tlingit peoples' defeat by Russian settlers in 1804. See Sitka.
Sleeping Bear Dunes	LS	W central Mich.	1970	71,251 (28,847)	Section of the Lake Michigan shoreline and the North and South Manitoulin islands; beaches, sand dunes, forests.
Sonoran Desert	MO	SW Ariz.	2001	486,400 (196,923)	Biologically diverse desert with mountain ranges and lowland valleys. Historical and archaeological remains.
Springfield Armory	HS	Mass.	1974	55 (22)	Large weapons museum housed in former arsenal.
Statue of Liberty	MO	SE N.Y.	1924	58 (23)	See Liberty, Statue of.
Steamtown	HS	NE Pa.	1986	62 (25)	A railyard containing America's largest collection of steam-era locomotives and railroad cars.
Stones River	BF	Central Tenn.	1927	709 (287)	See Murfreesboro, Tenn. Site of Stones River National Cemetery.
Stonewall	MO	New York City	2016	8 (3)	Site of 1969 Stonewall riot, the beginning of the modern gay-rights movement.
Sunset Crater Volcano	MO	N Ariz.	1930	3,040 (1,231)	Volcanic cinder cone with multicolored crater.
Tallgrass Prairie	PS	E Kans.	1996	10,883 (4,406)	Surviving remnant of the tallgrass ecosystem.
Thaddeus Kosciuszko	MM	SE Pa.	1972	.02 (.01)	Commemorates the life and work of Thaddeus Kosciusko.
Theodore Roosevelt	NP	W N.Dak.	1947	70,447 (28,521)	Part of Roosevelt's Elkhorn Ranch; badlands along the Little Missouri River.
Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	.11 (.04)	Birthplace and boyhood home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural	HS	W N.Y.	1966	1 (.4)	Ansley Wilcox House, where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office (1901) as president.
Theodore Roosevelt Island	PO	Washington, D.C., Va.	1932	89 (36)	Wilderness preserve in the Potomac River; a tribute to the “conservationist president.”
Thomas Edison	HP	NE N.J.	1962	21 (9)	Buildings and equipment used by Thomas A. Edison.
Thomas Jefferson	MM	Washington, D.C.	1934	18 (7)	See Thomas Jefferson Memorial.
Thomas Stone	HS	S Md.	1978	328 (133)	Georgian-style home, Habre-de-Ventre, of a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
Timpanogos Cave	MO	N Utah	1922	250 (101)	Limestone cavern on Mt. Timpanogos.
Timucan Ecological and Historic Preserve	PS	NE Fla.	1988	46,263 (18,730)	Atlantic coastal marshes, islands, tidal creeks.
Tonto	MO	Central Ariz.	1907	1,120 (453)	14th-century Native-American cliff dwellings.
Trail of Tears	HT	N.C., Tenn., Ga., Ala., Ark., Okla.	1987	…	2,200-mi (3,540-km) trail commemorates the routes of forced migration of more than 15,000 Cherokee from their ancestral homes.
Tule Lake	MO	NE Calif.	2019	1,391 (563)	Tule Lake War Relocation Center, where Japanese Americans were interned during World War II.
Tule Springs Fossil Beds	MO	S Nev.	2014	22,650 (9,170)	Ice age fossils of mammoths, lions, and camels.
Tumacacori	HP	S Ariz.	1908	360 (146)	Mission founded by Father Eusebio F. Kino; rebuilt by the Franciscans.
Tupelo	BF	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	See Tupelo, Miss.
Tuskegee Airmen	HS	SE Ala.	1999	90 (36)	Site commemorating the African-American Tuskegee Airmen of World War II.
Tuskegee Institute	HS	S Ala.	1974	58 (23)	First institution of higher learning for the vocational training of African Americans; founded in 1881.
Tuzigoot	MO	Central Ariz.	1939	812 (329)	Excavated ruins of a large Native American pueblo.
Ulysses S. Grant	HS	E Mo.	1989	10 (4)	Pre–Civil War home of Ulysses S. Grant.
Upper Delaware	WS	Pa., N.Y.	1978	75,000 (30,364)	Fishing and boating.
Upper Missouri River Breaks	MO	N central Mont.	2001	378,000 (153,036)	Rugged, remote ecosystem paralleling the Upper Missouri National Wild and Scenic River; explored by Lewis and Clark.
Valles Caldera	PS	NW N. Mex.	2014	89,766 (36,343)	12–15 mi-wide (19–24 km) caldera formed by eruptions c. 1.6 and 1.2 million years ago; mountain meadows, abundant wildlife.
Valley Forge	HP	SE Pa.	1976	3,469 (1,404)	Soldiers' huts and preserved buildings re-create the 1777–78 Continental Army encampment.
Vanderbilt Mansion	HS	E N.Y.	1940	212 (86)	19th-century palatial Victorian residence of a grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt.
Vermilion Cliffs	MO	N Ariz.	2000	294,000 (119,028)	Remote cliffs, plateaus, canyons, and desert grasslands; fossilized dinosaur footprints.
Vicksburg	MP	W Miss.	1899	1,815 (735)	Site of the Vicksburg campaign of the Civil War and Vicksburg National Cemetery.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1980	2 (.8)	See Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
Virgin Islands	NP	St. John, Virgin Islands	1956	14,945 (6,051)	Unusual scenery, marine life, coral gardens; ruins of Danish colonial sugar plantations.
Virgin Islands Coral Reef	MO	Off St. John, Virgin Islands	2001	12,708 (5,145)	Mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs, home to many sea animals and birds.
Voyageurs	NP	N Minn.	1971	218,200 (88,340)	Scenic northern lakes region; interesting glacial features and history.
Waco Mammoth	MO	E Central Tex.	2015	5 (2)	Remains of mammoths, camels, and other Pleistocene animals.
Walnut Canyon	MO	N Ariz.	1915	3,201 (1,296)	12th-century Sinagua cliff dwellings.
War in the Pacific	HP	Central Guam	1978	2,031 (822)	Artifacts of World War II in the Pacific theater.
Washington Monument	MM	Washington, D.C.	1848	106 (43)	555-ft (169-m) high obelisk honoring Washington.
Washita Battlefield	HS	Okla.	1848	315 (128)	Site of a Southern Cheyenne village attacked by General Custer on November 27, 1868.
Weir Farm	HS	Conn.	1990	74 (30)	Home and studio of the American impressionist painter J. Alden Weir.
Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity	RA	N Calif.	1965	246,087 (99,630)	Reservoirs, forestland, and Whiskeytown Falls.
White Sands	NP	S N.Mex.	1933	143,704 (58,180)	Wind-drifted gypsum sands.
Whitman Mission	HS	SW Wash.	1936	139 (56)	Site of the mission of Dr. Marcus Whitman.
William Howard Taft	HS	SW Ohio	1969	4 (2)	Birthplace and early home of President William Howard Taft.
Wilson's Creek	BF	SW Mo.	1960	2,408 (975)	Site of first major Civil War engagement west of the Mississippi.
Wind Cave	NP	SW S.Dak.	1903	33,971 (13,753)	Limestone caverns in the Black Hills.
Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts	PO	N Va.	1966	130 (53)	Set in a rolling, wooded landscaped area to provide artistic enjoyment and recreation; first national park for the performing arts.
Women's Rights	HP	W N.Y.	1980	7 (3)	Includes Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, site of first women's rights convention (1848), and the home of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
World War II	MM	Washington, D.C.	2004	7 (3)	Honors members of the armed forces and civilians who supported them during World War II.
Wrangell–St. Elias	PP	SW Alaska	1978	13,175,791 (5,334,328)	Largest unit in the National Park System; numerous peaks over 16,000 ft (4,900 m), abundant wildlife.
Wright Brothers	MM	NE N.C.	1927	428 (173)	Scene of the first (1903) successful flight of the Wright brothers.
Wupatki	MO	N Ariz.	1924	35,402 (14,333)	Several prehistoric pueblos.
Yellowstone	NP	Wyo., Mont., Idaho	1872	2,219,791 (898,701)	Geysers and hot springs, Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone; first national park.
Yosemite	NP	E central Calif.	1890	761,748 (308,400)	Mountain region with Yosemite Valley; notable waterfalls.
Yucca House	MO	SW Colo.	1919	34 (14)	Unexcavated ruins of a prehistoric Native American village.
Yukon-Charley Rivers	PS	E central Alaska	1978	2,526,512 (1,022,879)	Peregrine falcons, 1898 Gold Rush relics.
Zion	NP	SW Utah	1909	147,243 (59,613)	Multicolored canyon in a desert region.

National Monuments

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
African Burial Ground	MO	SE N.Y.	2006	.35 (.14)	Burial ground for free and enslaved Africans in the 1600s and 1700s.
Agate Fossil Beds	MO	NW Nebr.	1965	3,058 (1,238)	World-famous quarries containing numerous well-preserved Miocene mammal fossils; museum of Native American artifacts.
Agua Fria	MO	Central Ariz.	2000	71,100 (28,796)	A Native American settlement system dating to A.D. 1250–1450, spread over two mesas and the Agua Fria River canyon; more than 450 sites with pueblos, stone forts, and petroglyphs.
Aleutian Islands World War II	MO	SW Alaska	2019	4,950 (2,004)	World War II sites on three Aleutian Islands.
Alibates Flint Quarries	MO	NW Tex.	1965	1,371 (555)	Flint quarries, first worked by Native Americans c.10,000 years ago; rich archaeological and historic area.
Aniakchak	MR	SW Alaska	1978	601,294 (243,439)	Volcano; wilderness and wildlife preserve.
Aztec Ruins	MO	NW N.Mex.	1923	319 (129)	Ruins of a Pueblo town.
Bandelier	MO	N N.Mex.	1916	33,677 (13,634)	Ruins of 13th-century Pueblo cliff dwellings.
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality	MO	Washington, D.C.	2016	.34 (.13)	Sewall-Belmont House and Museum, headquarters of the National Woman's party.
Birmingham Civil Rights	MO	Central Ala.	2017	18 (7)	Commemorates work of the civil rights movement in Birmingham.
Booker T. Washington	MO	Central Va.	1956	239 (97)	Birthplace and childhood home of Booker T. Washington.
Buck Island Reef	MO	Buck Island, Virgin Islands	1961	19,015 (7,698)	One of the finest marine gardens in the Caribbean; bird rookeries and grottoes.
Cabrillo	MO	SW Calif.	1913	160 (65)	Memorial to Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo.
California Coastal	MO	W Calif.	2000	6,230 (2,522)	Thousands of islands, rocks, and reefs within 12 mi (19 km) of California's 840-mi (1,350-km) coastline as well as Point Arena-Stornetta on the mainland; includes nesting grounds of seabirds and marine mammals.
Camp Nelson Heritage	MO	Central Ky.	2018	525 (213)	Union Civil War supply depot, hospital, and training center for African-American troops.
Canyon de Chelly	MO	NE Ariz.	1931	83,840 (33,943)	Ruins of prehistoric Native American villages.
Canyons of the Ancients	MO	SW Colo.	2000	176,000 (71,255)	Rugged landscape that is archaeologically rich, with some sites dating to 10,000 years ago; later pit houses, cliff dwellings, and pueblos.
Cape Krusenstern	MO	Alaska	1978	649,096 (262,792)	Archaeological sites of indigenous communities dating back 4,000 years.
Capulin Volcano	MO	NE N.Mex.	1916	793 (321)	Huge cinder cone of inactive volcano.
Carrizo Plain	MO	W central Calif.	2001	204,107 (82,634)	Grasslands and wetlands, including akali Soda Lake, in Central Valley. Home to threatened or endangered species.
Casa Grande Ruins	MO	S Ariz.	1892	473 (191)	Huge building built c.600 years ago and other Ancestral Sonoran adobe ruins.
Cascade-Siskiyou	MO	S central Oreg.	2000	114,000 (46,154)	A biologically diverse and ecologically unique area that also includes Soda Mountain, Pilot Rock, and Siskiyou Pass.
Castillo de San Marcos	MO	NE Fla.	1924	19 (8)	Old Spanish masonry fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Castle Clinton	MO	SE N.Y.	1946	1 (.4)	See Battery, the.
Cedar Breaks	MO	SW Utah	1933	6,155 (2,492)	Amphitheater (2,000 ft/610 m deep) formed by erosion.
Cedar Creek and Belle Grove	MO	N Va.	2002	3,707 (1,501)	Site of a Civil War battle and Belle Grove Plantation.
César E. Chávez	MO	S. Calif.	2002	117 (47)	Home and gravesite of César Chávez and United Farm Workers headquarters.
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers	MO	SW Ohio	2013	60 (24)	Home of Colonel Charles Young, a buffalo soldier and the first African-American army colonel.
Chiricahua	MO	SE Ariz.	1924	12,025 (4,868)	Unusual rock formations.
Colorado	MO	W Colo.	1911	20,536 (8,314)	Huge monoliths and other unusual erosional features.
Craters of the Moon	MR	S Idaho	1924	752,378 (304,606)	Volcanic cones, craters, and fissures, and lava fields.
Devils Postpile	MO	E Calif.	1911	800 (324)	Basaltic columns, some 60 ft (18 m) high.
Devils Tower	MO	NE Wyo.	1906	1,347 (545)	Volcanic rock tower; first national monument.
Dinosaur	MO	Colo., Utah	1915	210,282 (85,134)	Rich quarries of well-preserved fossils.
Effigy Mounds	MO	NE Iowa	1949	2,526 (1,023)	Outstanding examples of prehistoric Native American mounds.
El Malpais	MO	N.Mex.	1987	114,347 (46,294)	In English, “the badlands”; volcanic area; also rich in Pueblo history.
El Morro	MO	W N.Mex.	1906	1,279 (518)	Sandstone monolith with inscriptions of Spanish explorers and American pioneers.
Florissant Fossil Beds	MO	Central Colo.	1969	5,998 (2,428)	Well-preserved insect, seed, and leaf fossils of the Oligocene period; petrified sequoia tree stumps.
Fort Frederica	MO	SE Ga.	1936	284 (115)	Ruins of a fort built by James Oglethorpe on one of the Sea Islands.
Fort McHenry	MO	N Md.	1925	43 (17)	See Fort McHenry.
Fort Matanzas	MO	NE Fla.	1924	300 (121)	Spanish fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
Fort Monroe	MO	SE Va.	2011	367 (149)	See Fort Monroe.
Fort Pulaski	MO	SE Ga.	1924	5,623 (2,277)	Fort on Cockspur Island. See Fort Pulaski.
Fort Stanwix	MO	Central N.Y.	1935	16 (6)	See Fort Stanwix.
Fort Union	MO	NW N.Mex.	1954	721 (292)	Ruins of a U.S. army fort on the Santa Fe Trail.
Fossil Butte	MO	W Wyo.	1972	8,198 (3,319)	Area containing Paleocene–Eocene fossil fish.
Freedom Riders	MO	NE Ala.	2017	6 (2)	Sites of mob attacks against an integrated group of Freedom Riders.
George Washington Birthplace	MO	E Va.	1930	653 (264)	Estate and reconstructed mansion. See Wakefield.
George Washington Carver	MO	SW Mo.	1943	240 (97)	Birthplace and boyhood home of George Washington Carver.
Giant Sequoia	MO	E Calif.	2000	328,315 (132,921)	Last remaining groves of ancient sequoia trees within Sequoia National Forest.
Gila Cliff Dwellings	MO	SW N.Mex.	1907	533 (216)	Well-preserved dwellings built by the Pueblo into a 150-ft (46-m) cliff.
Governors Island	MO	SE N.Y.	2003	23 (9)	Early 1800s fortifications in New York harbor and their surroundings.
Grand Canyon–Parashant	MO	NW Ariz.	2000	1,014,000 (410,526)	Canyons, mountains, and buttes on the W portion of the Grand Canyon's north rim. Prehistoric and 19th-century remains; rare condors and tortoises.
Grand Portage	MO	NE Minn.	1951	710 (287)	9-mi (14-km) portage on the route to the Northwest used by explorers, missionaries, and fur traders.
Grand Staircase–Escalante	MO	S Utah	1996	838,026 (339,282)	Rock formations; natural arches and bridges; prehistoric dwellings and rock art; fossil sites.
Hagerman Fossil Beds	MO	S Idaho	1988	4,351 (1,762)	Fossils dating from the Pliocene era.
Hanford Reach	MO	S central Wash.	2000	195,000 (78,947)	Free-flowing nontidal stretch of the Columbia River with salmon spawning grounds and a preserved shrub-steppe ecosystem.
Hohokam Pima	MO	Central Ariz.	1972	1,690 (684)	Archaeological remains of the Hohokam culture.
Homestead	MO	SE Nebr.	1936	211 (85)	Site of the first farm claimed under the Homestead Act.
Hovenweep	MO	Utah, Colo.	1923	785 (318)	Prehistoric Native American pueblos and cliff dwellings.
Ironwood Forest	MO	S Ariz.	2000	129,000 (52,227)	Mountainous desert landscape with large stands of ironwood trees; saguaro forests and bighorn sheep; historic Hohokam sites.
Jewel Cave	MO	SW S.Dak.	1908	1,274 (516)	Limestone caves with chambers connected by narrow passages; in the Black Hills.
John Day Fossil Beds	MO	N central Oreg.	1974	14,062 (5,693)	Consists of Sheep Rock, Painted Hills, and Clarno locations; rich fossil remains from four prehistoric periods.
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks	MO	N central N.Mex.	2001	4,645 (1,881)	Canyons, cliffs, and cone-shaped rock formations with nesting birds.
Katahdin Woods and Waters	MO	N central Maine	2016	87,564 (35,451)	Mountains and wilderness in Maine's North Woods.
Lava Beds	MO	N Calif.	1925	46,692 (18,904)	Examples of volcanism; scene of Modoc uprising.
Little Bighorn Battlefield	MO	SE Mont.	1879	765 (310)	Site of the battle between five companies of the Seventh Cavalry, commanded by George Armstrong Custer, and the Sioux and Cheyenne.
Mojave Trails	MO	S Calif.	2016	1,600,000 (647,773)	Mountain ranges, lava flows, sand dunes; World War II desert training sites.
Montezuma Castle	MO	Central Ariz.	1906	1,016 (411)	Well-preserved prehistoric cliff dwellings.
Muir Woods	MO	W Calif.	1908	554 (224)	Virgin stand of coastal redwoods.
Natural Bridges	MO	SE Utah	1908	7,636 (3,091)	Three huge natural sandstone bridges.
Navajo	MO	NE Ariz.	1909	360 (146)	Ruins of large cliff dwellings.
Newberry	MO	Central Oreg.	1990	54,000 (21,862)	Volcano caldera, with lava flows, cinder cones, and the Lava Cast Forest.
Oregon Caves	MR	SW Oreg.	1909	4,544 (1,840)	Limestone caverns with four levels; rock formations.
Organ Pipe Cactus	MO	S Ariz.	1937	330,689 (133,882)	Unique Sonoran Desert plants and animals.
Petroglyph	MO	Central N.Mex.	1990	7,209 (2,919)	More than 15,000 prehistoric and historic Native American and Hispanic petroglyphs and rock art carvings.
Pipe Spring	MO	NW Ariz.	1923	40 (16)	Spring first visited by the Mormons; old fort.
Pipestone	MO	SW Minn.	1937	282 (114)	Quarry that was a source for Native American peace pipes; park includes Upper Midwest Indian Cultural Center.
Pompeys Pillar	MO	S central Mont.	2001	51 (21)	Large sandstone butte on Yellowstone River with inscription by William Clark.
Poverty Point	MO	NE La.	1988	911 (369)	Remains of a 2d millenium B.C. culture.
President Lincoln and Soldier's Home	MO	Washington, D.C.	2000	2.3 (.9)	Historic Anderson Cottage, used as a summer retreat by Lincoln and other presidents.
Pullman	MO	Chicago, Ill.	2015	203 (82)	America's first planned industrial town; factories and buildings associated with the Pullman Palace Car Company.
Rainbow Bridge	MO	S Utah	1910	160 (65)	Pink sandstone arch.
Russell Cave	MO	NE Ala.	1961	310 (126)	Cave containing a nearly continuous archaeological record of human habitation from about 7000 B.C. to A.D. 1650.
Salinas Pueblo Missions	MO	Central N.Mex.	1909	1,071 (434)	Four 17th-century mission churches and ruins of three Pueblo villages.
Sand to Snow	MO	S Calif	2016	154,000 (62,348)	See Sand to Snow National Monument.
Scotts Bluff	MO	W Nebr.	1919	3,005 (1,217)	Landmark on the Oregon Trail.
Sonoran Desert	MO	SW Ariz.	2001	486,400 (196,923)	Biologically diverse desert with mountain ranges and lowland valleys. Historical and archaeological remains.
Statue of Liberty	MO	SE N.Y.	1924	58 (23)	See Liberty, Statue of.
Stonewall	MO	New York City	2016	8 (3)	Site of 1969 Stonewall riot, the beginning of the modern gay-rights movement.
Sunset Crater Volcano	MO	N Ariz.	1930	3,040 (1,231)	Volcanic cinder cone with multicolored crater.
Timpanogos Cave	MO	N Utah	1922	250 (101)	Limestone cavern on Mt. Timpanogos.
Tonto	MO	Central Ariz.	1907	1,120 (453)	14th-century Native-American cliff dwellings.
Tule Lake	MO	NE Calif.	2019	1,391 (563)	Tule Lake War Relocation Center, where Japanese Americans were interned during World War II.
Tule Springs Fossil Beds	MO	S Nev.	2014	22,650 (9,170)	Ice age fossils of mammoths, lions, and camels.
Tuzigoot	MO	Central Ariz.	1939	812 (329)	Excavated ruins of a large Native American pueblo.
Upper Missouri River Breaks	MO	N central Mont.	2001	378,000 (153,036)	Rugged, remote ecosystem paralleling the Upper Missouri National Wild and Scenic River; explored by Lewis and Clark.
Vermilion Cliffs	MO	N Ariz.	2000	294,000 (119,028)	Remote cliffs, plateaus, canyons, and desert grasslands; fossilized dinosaur footprints.
Virgin Islands Coral Reef	MO	Off St. John, Virgin Islands	2001	12,708 (5,145)	Mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs, home to many sea animals and birds.
Waco Mammoth	MO	E Central Tex.	2015	5 (2)	Remains of mammoths, camels, and other Pleistocene animals.
Walnut Canyon	MO	N Ariz.	1915	3,201 (1,296)	12th-century Sinagua cliff dwellings.
Wupatki	MO	N Ariz.	1924	35,402 (14,333)	Several prehistoric pueblos.
Yucca House	MO	SW Colo.	1919	34 (14)	Unexcavated ruins of a prehistoric Native American village.

National and International Historic Sites and Historical Parks

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace	HP	Central Ky.	1916	344.5 (139)	Traditional birthplace cabin in memorial building on site of Lincoln's birthplace.
Adams	HP	E Mass.	1946	23.82 (10)	Home of Presidents John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and other members of the family.
Allegheny Portage Railroad	HS	SW Pa.	1964	1,284 (520)	Inclined-plane railroad that lifted passengers and cargoes of boats on the Pennsylvania Canal over the Allegheny Mts.
Andersonville	HS	SW Ga.	1970	516 (209)	Civil War prison camp and national prisoner of war memorial. See under Andersonville.
Andrew Johnson	HS	NE Tenn.	1935	17 (7)	Home, shop, and grave of President Andrew Johnson; site includes Andrew Johnson National Cemetery.
Appomattox Court House	HP	S central Va.	1930	1,775 (719)	Site of Lee's surrender to Grant. See under Appomattox, Va.
Bent's Old Fort	HS	SE Colo.	1960	799 (323)	Fur-trading post and rest station on the Santa Fe Trail; built c.1830 by Charles Bent and William Bent. See Bent's Fort.
Blackstone River Valley	HP	Mass., R.I.	2014	1,489 (603)	Historic industrial sites in the Blackstone River Valley.
Boston	HP	E Mass.	1974	44 (18)	Many sites include Old South Meeting House, the home of Paul Revere, obelisk commemorating the Battle of Bunker Hill, and part of the Charlestown Navy Yard.
Boston African American	HS	E Mass.	1980	.59 (.24)	Oldest African-American church in the United States and the Black Heritage Trail.
Brown v. Board of Education	HS	NE Kansas	1992	2 (.8)	See Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.
Cane River Creole	HP	SE La.	1994	206 (83)	Plantations and other sites associated with the development of Creole culture.
Carl Sandburg Home	HS	SW N.C.	1968	268 (109)	Farm home of author Carl Sandburg.
Carter G. Woodson	HS	Washington, D.C.	2006	.15 (.06)	Home of Carter G. Woodson, African-American historian and educator.
Chaco Culture	HP	NW N.Mex.	1907	33,960 (13,749)	13 pre-Columbian ruins of the Ancestral Pueblo peoples, representing the highest point of Ancestral Pueblo civilization (A.D. 850–1100).
Charles Pinckney	HS	SE S.C.	1988	28 (11)	Home and estate of American diplomat and framer of the Constitution.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal	HP	D.C., Md., W.Va.	1938	19,612 (7,940)	See Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.
Christiansted	HS	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1952	27 (11)	Commemorates the Virgin Islands' colonial development, especially under Danish rule in the 18th and 19th cent.
Clara Barton	HS	S Md.	1974	9 (4)	Home and offices of the founder of the American Red Cross.
Colonial	HP	SE Va.	1930	8,677 (3,513)	Historic Yorktown, Jamestown, and Cape Henry. Colonial Parkway connects some sites with Williamsburg.
Cumberland Gap	HP	Ky., Tenn., Va.	1940	24,547 (9,938)	Mountain pass of the Wilderness Road. See Cumberland Gap.
Dayton Aviation Heritage	HP	W Ohio	1992	111 (45)	Honors life and work of the Wright brothers, as well as poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.
Edgar Allan Poe	HS	SE Pa.	1978	.52 (.21)	In 1843, Poe lived here and wrote several of his most famous stories.
Eisenhower	HS	S Pa.	1969	690 (279)	Home and farm of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Eleanor Roosevelt	HS	S N.Y.	1977	181 (73)	Her personal retreat including two restored buildings, tennis court, rose garden, and playhouse.
Eugene O'Neill	HS	N Calif.	1976	13 (5)	Restored home of the playwright.
First Ladies	HS	NE Ohio	2000	.46 (.19)	Home of Ida Saxton McKinley; honors all U.S. first ladies.
First State	HP	Del., Pa.	2013	1,155 (468)	Site relating to Delaware's ratification of the Constitution and to Delaware Valley history.
Ford's Theatre	HS	Washington, D.C.	1970	.30 (.12)	Site of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination and death; includes the Lincoln Museum.
Fort Bowie	HS	SE Ariz.	1964	999 (404)	Ruins of a fort (est. 1862) that was the base of military operations against Geronimo and his followers.
Fort Davis	HS	W Tex.	1961	523 (212)	Key post in the defensive system of W Texas, guarding (1854–91) the San Antonio–El Paso road through the Davis Mts.
Fort Laramie	HS	SE Wyo.	1938	873 (353)	Buildings of an old fort on the Oregon Trail.
Fort Larned	HS	Central Kansas	1964	718 (291)	Protected the Santa Fe Trail; served as a military base during the Plains War (1860s) and later as an Indian Bureau administrative center.
Fort Point	HS	W Calif.	1970	29 (12)	Brick and granite mid-19th-century coastal fortification.
Fort Raleigh	HS	NE N.C.	1941	513 (208)	Site of the first attempted settlement by the English in North America. See Roanoke Island.
Fort Scott	HS	SE Kansas	1965	17 (7)	Commemorates historic events in Kansas prior to and during the Civil War.
Fort Smith	HS	NW Ark.	1961	75 (30)	One of the first U.S. military posts in the Louisiana Purchase; maintained law and order in the Oklahoma Territory. See Fort Smith, Ark.
Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie	HP	SE S.C.	1948	235 (95)	Scene of the engagement that opened the Civil War. See Fort Sumter; Fort Moultrie.
Fort Union Trading Post	HS	N.Dak., Mont.	1966	440 (178)	American Fur Company trading post during the 19th cent.
Fort Vancouver	HS	SW Wash.	1948	207 (84)	Site of a Hudson's Bay Company post (1825–49) and later of a U.S. army fort.
Frederick Douglass	HS	Washington, D.C.	1962	9 (4)	Home of the abolitionist and writer; contains original furnishings, photographs, lithographs, and his library.
Frederick Law Olmsted	HS	E Mass.	1979	7 (3)	Site of Olmsted's home and business containing lithographs and original furnishings.
Friendship Hill	HS	SW Pa.	1978	675 (273)	Home of Albert Gallatin, U.S. secretary of the treasury under Presidents Jefferson and Madison.
George Rogers Clark	HP	SW Ind.	1966	26 (11)	Memorial near the site of old Fort Sackville, seized from the British by General G. R. Clark in 1779.
Golden Spike	HP	N Utah	1957	2,735 (1,107)	Site where the Union Pacific RR and the Central Pacific RR joined to form the first transcontinental railroad.
Grant-Kohrs Ranch	HS	W Mont.	1972	1,618 (655)	Headquarters of one of the largest 19th-century range ranches.
Hampton	HS	NE Md.	1948	62 (25)	Late-18th-century Georgian mansion.
Harpers Ferry	HP	Md., W.Va.	1944	3,656 (1,480)	See Harpers Ferry.
Harriet Tubman	HP	W N.Y.	2017	32 (13)	Home and church of Harriet Tubman.
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad	HP	SE Md.	2013	480 (194)	Commemorates Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad.
Harry S. Truman	HS	W Mo.	1983	13 (5)	Home of Harry S. Truman from 1919 until 1972.
Herbert Hoover	HS	E Iowa	1965	187 (76)	Birthplace, childhood home, and burial place of President Herbert Hoover.
Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt	HS	SE N.Y.	1944	833 (337)	Home, “Summer White House,” and burial place of Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt. See Hyde Park.
Honouliuli	HS	Oahu, Hawaii	2015	154 (62)	Site of a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp that held Japanese and European American citizens and immigrants.
Hopewell Culture	HP	S Ohio	1923	1,770 (716)	Prehistoric burial mounds of Hopewell people.
Hopewell Furnace	HS	SE Pa.	1938	848 (343)	19th-century iron-making site with reconstructed buildings and furnished cottages.
Hubbell Trading Post	HS	NE Ariz.	1965	160 (65)	Example of a late-19th-century trading post in the Southwest.
Independence	HP	SE Pa.	1948	45 (18)	Historic points of interest and the Liberty Bell; site of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. See Independence Hall.
James A. Garfield	HS	NE Ohio	1980	8 (3)	Home of the 20th president and site of the first presidential memorial library.
Jean Lafitte	HP	SE La.	1939	22,421 (9,073)	Includes New Orleans' French Quarter, the Chalmette Battlefield, and the Barataria and Acadian units.
Jimmy Carter	HS	SW Georgia	1987	72 (29)	Buildings and exhibits associated with the 39th president's life.
John Fitzgerald Kennedy	HS	E Mass.	1967	.09 (.04)	Birthplace and early boyhood home of President John F. Kennedy.
John Muir	HS	W Calif.	1964	344 (139)	John Muir House and Martínez Adobe, commemorating contributions of John Muir to conservation and literature.
Kalaupapa	HP	N Molokai Island, Hawaii	1980	10,779 (4,364)	Site of former leper colony separated from the island by 2,000-ft (610-m) cliff; ruins of Hawaiian structures.
Kaloko-Honokohau	HP	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1978	1,163 (471)	Site of important pre-European settlements.
Keweenaw	HP	NW Mich.	1992	1,870 (757)	Preserves features relevant to the first significant copper mining in the United States.
Klondike Gold Rush	HP	SW Alaska, NW Wa.	1976	12,996 (5,262)	Sites connected with the 1898 Klondike gold rush including Seattle's Pioneer Square, the miners' point of departure.
Knife River Indian Villages	HS	Central N.Dak.	1974	1,749 (708)	Ruins of villages of Hidasta and Mandan Native Americans.
Lewis and Clark	HP	NW Oreg., SW Wash.	1958	3,410 (1,381)	Fort Clatsop, site of the winter encampment of the Lewis and Clark expedition, and other sites associated with it. Jointly managed with nearby state historical parks.
Lincoln Home	HS	Central Ill.	1971	12 (5)	Only private home owned by Abraham Lincoln; he was living there when he was elected president.
Little Rock Central High School	HS	Central Ark.	1998	28 (11)	Site commemorating the “Little Rock Nine” and the fight for desegregation in the schools.
Longfellow House–Washington's Headquarters	HS	E Mass.	1972	2 (.8)	Home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1837–82) in Cambridge; also George Washington's headquarters during the siege of Boston (1775–76).
Lowell	HP	NE Mass.	1978	142 (57)	Restored site of cotton mill traces the history of the Industrial Revolution.
Lyndon B. Johnson	HP	SE Tex.	1969	1,572 (636)	Sites of the birthplace, boyhood home, and ranch of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
Maggie L. Walker	HS	E Central Va.	1978	1 (.4)	Home of African-American bank president and early leader in the women's movement.
Manhattan Project	HP	Tenn., N.Mex., Wash.	2015	114 (46)	Sites associated with the Manhattan Project.
Manzanar	HS	E Calif.	1992	814 (330)	Site of World War II internment of Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller	HP	Vt.	1992	643 (260)	Home of pioneer conservationist George Perkins Marsh.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	HP	N Ga.	1980	39 (16)	Birthplace, church, and grave of the civil-rights leader.
Martin Van Buren	HS	SE N.Y.	1974	285 (115)	Home of the 8th president.
Mary McLeod Bethune Council House	HS	Washington, D.C.	1982	.07 (.03)	Home and political headquarters of the educator and activist; the carriage house contains the Bethune Archives.
Minidoka	HS	S Idaho	2001	396 (160)	Site of a World War II internment camp for Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
Minute Man	HP	E Mass.	1959	1,028 (416)	Scene of fighting on the opening day of the Revolutionary War; includes North Bridge, Minute Man statue, Battle Road (see Lexington and Concord, battles of), and the home of Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Minuteman Missile	HS	SW S.D.	1999	44 (18)	Cold war intercontinental ballistic missile arsenal.
Morristown	HP	N N.J.	1933	1,711 (693)	Site of military encampments during the Revolution; Washington's headquarters, 1779–80.
Natchez	HP	SW Miss.	1988	108 (44)	Melrose plantation and other antebellum buildings.
New Bedford Whaling	HP	SE Mass.	1996	34 (14)	Commemorates the whaling heritage of New Bedford; includes a whaling museum.
New Orleans Jazz	HP	SE La.	1994	5 (2)	Preserves and interprets jazz as it has evolved in New Orleans.
Nez Percé	HP	Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.	1965	4,565 (1,848)	38 sites that preserve and commemorate the history and culture of the Nez Percé.
Nicodemus	HS	NW Kansas	1996	161 (65)	Site of town established by African Americans during Reconstruction.
Ninety Six	HS	NW S.C.	1976	1,022 (414)	A frontier trading post and Revolutionary War stronghold.
Ocmulgee Mounds	HP	Central Ga.	1934	704 (285)	Remains of prehistoric temple mounds.
Palo Alto Battlefield	HP	S Tex.	1978	3,442 (1,394)	Site of the first major battle of the Mexican War.
Paterson Great Falls	HP	NE N.J.	2009	51 (21)	Industrial history sites on the Great Falls of the Passaic River.
Pecos	HP	N N.Mex.	1965	6,693 (2,710)	15th-century ruins of Pecos Pueblo, once the largest Native American settlement in the Southwest.
Pennsylvania Avenue	HS	Washington, D.C.	1965	18 (7)	Portion of Pennsylvania Ave. and adjacent area between the Capitol and the White House.
President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home	HS	SW Ark.	2010	.68 (.28)	Early childhood home of President Bill Clinton.
Pu'uhonua o Honaunau	HP	SW Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1955	420 (170)	Ancient Hawaiian sanctuary and royal residence.
Puukohola Heiau	HS	Hawaii Island, Hawaii	1972	86 (35)	Ruins of temple built (1791) by King Kamehameha the Great.
Reconstruction Era	HP	SE S.C.	2017	16 (6)	Sites associated with emancipated African Americans and Reconstruction.
Sagamore Hill	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	83 (34)	Estate and Victorian-style home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Saint Croix Island	IS	E Maine	1949	6.5 (3)	Commemorates the French settlement on the island in the Saint Croix River.
Saint-Gaudens	HP	W N.H.	1964	191 (77)	Memorial to sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens; his home, studios, gardens.
Saint Paul's Church	HS	SE N.Y.	1943	6 (2)	18th-century church associated with the events leading to the arrest of John Peter Zenger; includes Bill of Rights museum.
Salem Maritime	HS	NE Mass.	1938	9 (4)	Wharves and buildings important during Salem's seafaring days.
Salt River Bay	HP	St. Croix, Virgin Islands	1992	989 (400)	Fort Sale; upland watersheds, mangrove forests, estuarine and marine environments.
San Antonio Missions	HP	S central Tex.	1978	948 (384)	Four missions situated on the San Antonio River; important examples of Spanish cultural influence.
Sand Creek Massacre	HS	E Colo	2007	12,583 (5,094)	Site of the 1864 massacre of the Cheyenne (see Sand Creek.
San Francisco Maritime	HP	N Calif.	1988	50 (20)	Largest collection of historic ships in the United States; exhibits on maritime history.
San Juan	HS	NE Puerto Rico	1949	75 (30)	Oldest fortification within the limits of U.S. territory, built (16th cent.) by the Spanish to protect the harbor guarding the sea lanes to the New World.
Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front	HP	W. Calif.	2000	145 (59)	Shipyards and a tank factory; the civilian home front during World War II.
San Juan Island	HP	NW Wash.	1966	2,146 (869)	Dedicated to the peaceful relationship between the United States, Britain, and Canada since the San Juan Boundary Dispute.
Saratoga	HP	E N.Y.	1938	3,579 (1,449)	Scene of a famous battle in the American Revolution. See Saratoga campaign.
Saugus Iron Works	HS	E Mass.	1968	9 (4)	Reconstruction of the 17th-century Colonial ironworks.
Sitka	HP	SE Alaska	1910	116 (47)	Site of the Tlingit peoples' defeat by Russian settlers in 1804. See Sitka.
Springfield Armory	HS	Mass.	1974	55 (22)	Large weapons museum housed in former arsenal.
Steamtown	HS	NE Pa.	1986	62 (25)	A railyard containing America's largest collection of steam-era locomotives and railroad cars.
Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace	HS	SE N.Y.	1962	.11 (.04)	Birthplace and boyhood home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural	HS	W N.Y.	1966	1 (.4)	Ansley Wilcox House, where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office (1901) as president.
Thomas Edison	HP	NE N.J.	1962	21 (9)	Buildings and equipment used by Thomas A. Edison.
Thomas Stone	HS	S Md.	1978	328 (133)	Georgian-style home, Habre-de-Ventre, of a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
Tumacacori	HP	S Ariz.	1908	360 (146)	Mission founded by Father Eusebio F. Kino; rebuilt by the Franciscans.
Tuskegee Airmen	HS	SE Ala.	1999	90 (36)	Site commemorating the African-American Tuskegee Airmen of World War II.
Tuskegee Institute	HS	S Ala.	1974	58 (23)	First institution of higher learning for the vocational training of African Americans; founded in 1881.
Ulysses S. Grant	HS	E Mo.	1989	10 (4)	Pre–Civil War home of Ulysses S. Grant.
Valley Forge	HP	SE Pa.	1976	3,469 (1,404)	Soldiers' huts and preserved buildings re-create the 1777–78 Continental Army encampment.
Vanderbilt Mansion	HS	E N.Y.	1940	212 (86)	19th-century palatial Victorian residence of a grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt.
War in the Pacific	HP	Central Guam	1978	2,031 (822)	Artifacts of World War II in the Pacific theater.
Washita Battlefield	HS	Okla.	1848	315 (128)	Site of a Southern Cheyenne village attacked by General Custer on Nov. 27, 1868.
Weir Farm	HS	Conn.	1990	74 (30)	Home and studio of the American impressionist painter J. Alden Weir.
Whitman Mission	HS	SW Wash.	1936	139 (56)	Site of the mission of Dr. Marcus Whitman.
William Howard Taft	HS	SW Ohio	1969	4 (2)	Birthplace and early home of President William Howard Taft.
Women's Rights	HP	W N.Y.	1980	7 (3)	Includes Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, site of first women's rights convention (1848), and the home of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

National Memorials

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Arkansas Post	MM	SE Ark.	1960	758 (307)	Site of the first permanent French settlement in the lower Mississippi valley. See Arkansas Post.
Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial	MM	NE Va.	1925	28 (11)	Former home of the Custis and Lee families; memorial to Robert E. Lee.
Chamizal	MM	W Tex.	1966	55 (22)	Memorializes the peaceful settlement of the 99-year border dispute between the United States and Mexico.
Coronado	MM	SE Ariz.	1952	4,830 (1,955)	Area near Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's point of entry (1540) into the United States.
De Soto	MM	W Fla.	1948	30 (12)	Commemorates the landing (1539) of Hernando De Soto in Florida and his exploration of the S United States.
Federal Hall	MM	SE N.Y.	1939	.45 (.18)	Site of the first seat of the federal government and George Washington's inauguration (1789).
Flight 93	MM	SW Pa.	2002	2,319 (939)	See Flight 93 National Memorial.
Fort Caroline	MM	NE Fla.	1950	138 (56)	Area overlooking the site of Fort Caroline.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1997	8 (3)	Monument to Roosevelt on the Mall in the nation's capital.
General Grant	MM	SE N.Y.	1958	.76 (.31)	Tomb of President Ulysses S. Grant and his wife, Julia.
Hamilton Grange	MM	SE N.Y.	1962	1.75 (.71)	Home of Alexander Hamilton.
Johnstown Flood	MM	SE Pa.	1964	178 (72)	Memorializes the Johnstown flood of 1889. See Johnstown, Pa.
Korean War Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1986	2 (.8)	Grouping of 19 infantry soldiers standing before a polished granite wall.
Lincoln Boyhood	MM	SW Ind.	1962	200 (81)	Site of the farm where Abraham Lincoln was raised and the burial place of his mother, Mary Hanks Lincoln.
Lincoln Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1911	7 (3)	See Lincoln Memorial.
Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac	MM	NE Va.	1973	17 (7)	Grove of 500 white pines overlooking Potomac River vista of the capital.
Martin Luther King, Jr.	MM	Washington, D.C.	2011	3 (1)	Statue and museum dedicated to the life and work of the civil-rights leader.
Mount Rushmore	MM	SW S.Dak.	1925	1,278 (517)	Carvings of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt on the granite face of Mt. Rushmore.
Pearl Harbor	MM	Oahu Island, Hawaii	2019	21 (9)	Commemorates the Dec. 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor; includes the USS Arizona Memorial.
Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial	MM	N Ohio	1936	25 (10)	Scene of the victory near Put-in Bay of Oliver H. Perry in the War of 1812.
Port Chicago Naval Magazine	MM	Central Calif.	1992	5 (2)	Site of a massive munitions explosion in 1944; World War II's worst home front disaster.
Roger Williams	MM	E R.I.	1965	5 (2)	Memorial to Roger Williams, the founder of the Rhode Island colony and a pioneer of religious freedom.
Thaddeus Kosciuszko	MM	SE Pa.	1972	.02 (.01)	Commemorates the life and work of Thaddeus Kosciusko.
Thomas Jefferson	MM	Washington, D.C.	1934	18 (7)	See Thomas Jefferson Memorial.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial	MM	Washington, D.C.	1980	2 (.8)	See Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
Washington Monument	MM	Washington, D.C.	1848	106 (43)	555-ft (169-m) high obelisk honoring Washington.
World War II	MM	Washington, D.C.	2004	7 (3)	Honors members of the armed forces and civilians who supported them during World War II.
Wright Brothers	MM	NE N.C.	1927	428 (173)	Scene of the first (1903) successful flight of the Wright brothers.

National Battlefields, Battlefield Parks, Battlefield Sites, and Military Parks

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Antietam	BF	Central Md.	1890	3,231 (1,308)	See Antietam campaign. Antietam (Sharpsburg) National Cemetery adjoins the park.
Big Hole	BF	SW Mont.	1910	976 (395)	Scene of 1877 battle between U.S. troops and Nez Percé led by Chief Joseph.
Brices Cross Roads	BS	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	Site of a rout of Union troops by Confederate cavalry under General N. B. Forrest (June 10, 1864).
Chickamauga and Chattanooga	MP	Ga., Tenn.	1890	9,523 (3,855)	Civil War battle sites; first national military park.
Cowpens	BF	NW S.C.	1929	842 (341)	Site of an American militia victory over British infantry and cavalry forces in the Revolutionary battle of Cowpens (Jan. 17, 1781).
Fort Donelson	BF	NW Tenn.	1928	1,319 (534)	Site of first Union Army victory; Civil War cemetery.
Fort Necessity	BF	SW Pa.	1931	903 (366)	George Washington's troops defeated here in 1754.
Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania	MP	NE Va.	1927	8,405 (3,403)	Contains portions of four major Civil War battlefields (see Fredericksburg, battle of) and a national cemetery.
Gettysburg	MP	S Pa.	1895	6,032 (2,442)	Civil War battlefield and cemetery; site of President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. See Gettysburg, Pa.
Guilford Courthouse	MP	N N.C.	1917	253 (102)	See Guilford Courthouse, battle of.
Horseshoe Bend	MP	E Ala.	1956	2,040 (826)	See Horseshoe Bend.
Kennesaw Mountain	BP	NW Ga.	1917	2,965 (1,200)	Site of Sherman's attack on Confederate forces in the Atlanta campaign.
Kings Mountain	MP	N S.C.	1931	3,945 (1,597)	Site of a crucial American victory (Oct. 7, 1780) over the British during the Revolution.
Manassas	BP	NE Va.	1940	5,073 (2,054)	See Bull Run.
Monocacy	BF	W Md.	1976	1,627 (659)	Site commemorates the first successful defense of Washington, D.C., during the Civil War.
Moores Creek	BF	SE N.C.	1926	88 (36)	Site of a battle between Patriots and Loyalists.
Pea Ridge	MP	NW Ark.	1956	4,300 (1,741)	Site of the Civil War battle of Pea Ridge, which saved Missouri for the Union.
Petersburg	BF	SE Va.	1926	9,638 (3,902)	Scene of the Battle of the Crater and a 10-month Union campaign (1864–65) to seize Petersburg, Va.
Richmond	BP	E Va.	1936	8,171 (3,308)	Commemorates Civil War battles of Cold Harbor, Drewry's Bluff, Gaines Mill, Malvern Hill, and Beaver Dam Creek.
River Raisin	BP	SE Mich.	2010	42 (17)	Site of the Battle of Frenchtown during the War of 1812.
Shiloh	MP	SW Tenn.	1894	7,932 (3,211)	Site of the Civil War battle of Shiloh. Shiloh National Cemetery is there.
Stones River	BF	Central Tenn.	1927	709 (287)	See Murfreesboro, Tenn. Site of Stones River National Cemetery.
Tupelo	BF	NE Miss.	1929	1 (.4)	See Tupelo, Miss.
Vicksburg	MP	W Miss.	1899	1,815 (735)	Site of the Vicksburg campaign of the Civil War and Vicksburg National Cemetery.
Wilson's Creek	BF	SW Mo.	1960	2,408 (975)	Site of first major Civil War engagement west of the Mississippi.

National Preserves and Reserves

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Bering Land Bridge	PS	NW Alaska	1978	2,697,391 (1,092,061)	Remnant of land bridge that connected Alaska with Asia.
Big Cypress	PA	S Fla.	1974	720,564 (291,726)	Subtropical plant and animal life; ancestral home of Seminole and Miccosukee peoples.
Big Thicket	PS	SE Tex.	1974	113,122 (45,798)	Large number of plant and animal species in a convergence of ecosystems.
City of Rocks	NR	Idaho	1988	14,407 (5,833)	Granite spires, sculptured rock formations.
Ebey's Landing	NR	Whidbey Island, Wash.	1978	19,334 (7,828)	Records exploration and settlement of Puget Sound.
Little River Canyon	PS	NE Ala.	1992	15,289 (6,190)	Rock expanses, benches, and bluffs; kayaking and rock climbing.
Mojave	PS	S Calif.	1994	1,545,684 (625,783)	Dunes, cinder cones, historic mining scenes; protects fragile habitat of the desert tortoise.
Noatak	PS	NW Alaska	1978	6,587,071 (2,666,830)	Mountain-ringed river basin.
Tallgrass Prairie	PS	E Kans.	1996	10,883 (4,406)	Surviving remnant of the tallgrass ecosystem.
Timucan Ecological and Historic Preserve	PS	NE Fla.	1988	46,263 (18,730)	Atlantic coastal marshes, islands, tidal creeks.
Valles Caldera	PS	NW N. Mex.	2014	89,766 (36,343)	12–15 mi-wide (19–24 km) caldera formed by eruptions c. 1.6 and 1.2 million years ago; mountain meadows, abundant wildlife.
Yukon-Charley Rivers	PS	E central Alaska	1978	2,526,512 (1,022,879)	Peregrine falcons, 1898 Gold Rush relics.

National Recreation Areas

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Amistad	RA	S Tex.	1965	58,500 (23,693)	U.S. part of Amistad Reservoir, on the Rio Grande.
Bighorn Canyon	RA	Mont., Wyo.	1966	120,296 (48,702)	Yellowtail Dam and spectacular Bighorn Canyon, on the Bighorn River.
Boston Harbor Islands	RA	E Mass.	1996	1,482 (600)	More than 30 islands off the Greater Boston coast.
Chattahoochie River	RA	Georgia	1978	11,254 (4,556)	Series of historic and recreational sites along the Chattahoochie River.
Chickasaw	RA	S Okla.	1976	9,899 (4,008)	Mineral springs, streams, and lakes. Name honors Chickasaw Nation; combination of former Platt National Park and Arbuckle National Recreation Area.
Curecanti	RA	E Colo.	1965	43,591 (17,648)	Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal reservoirs in the upper Black Canyon of the Gunnison.
Delaware Water Gap	RA	N.J., Pa.	1965	68,664 (27,799)	Scenic Delaware Water Gap.
Gateway	RA	N.Y., N.J.	1972	26,607 (10,772)	Beaches, marshes, islands, and waters in and around New York City. One of the first two national urban recreation areas.
Gauley River	RA	W Va.	1988	11,566 (4,683)	Passes through scenic valleys and gorges; whitewater boating.
Glen Canyon	RA	Ariz., Utah	1958	1,254,117 (507,740)	Lake Powell, formed by the Glen Canyon Dam.
Golden Gate	RA	W Calif.	1972	82,027 (33,209)	Beaches, forests, marshes, San Francisco's Presidio, and Alcatraz Island. One of the first urban national recreation areas.
Lake Chelan	RA	N Wash.	1968	61,946 (25,079)	Located in the Stehekin Valley and in the northern part of fjordlike Lake Chelan.
Lake Mead	RA	Ariz., Nev.	1936	1,495,816 (605,594)	Lake Mead, formed by Hoover Dam, and Lake Mohave, formed by Davis Dam; the first national recreation area established by Congress.
Lake Meredith	RA	NW Tex.	1965	44,978 (18,210)	Includes Lake Meredith, on the Canadian River, a popular water-sports area.
Lake Roosevelt	RA	NE Wash.	1946	100,390 (40,644)	Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, formed by the Grand Coulee Dam in the Columbia River; interesting geology.
Ross Lake	RA	N Wash.	1968	117,575 (47,601)	Extends along the Skagit River canyon; bisects North Cascades National Park.
Santa Monica Mountains	RA	SW Calif.	1978	156,618 (63,408)	Rugged, chaparral-covered landscape fronting on sandy beaches.
Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity	RA	N Calif.	1965	246,087 (99,630)	Reservoirs, forestland, and Whiskeytown Falls.

National Rivers

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Alagnak	WS	SW Alaska	1980	30,665 (12,415)	White water and salmon fishing.
Big South Fork	RR	Ky., Tenn.	1976	123,694 (50,079)	Scenic gorges and valleys.
Bluestone	WS	SW W.Va.	1988	4,310 (1,745)	Fishing, hiking, boating, and scenery.
Buffalo	RI	NW Ark.	1972	94,293 (38,175)	136-mi (219-km) stretch of the Buffalo River and its valley; the first national river.
Great Egg Harbor	WS	SW N.J.	1992	43,311 (17,535)	Largest canoeing river in the Pine Barrens.
Lower Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.	2000	…	67-mi (108-km) stretch of the Delaware River.
Lower St. Croix	WS	E Minn., NW Wis.	1972	25,276 (10,233)	Includes the Namekagon River; scenic, largely undeveloped rivers. First unit of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Program.
Middle Delaware	WS	Pa., N.J.		…	A 40-mi (64-km) stretch of the Delaware River in the Delaware Water Gap.
Mississippi	RR	SE Minn.	1988	53,775 (21,771)	Cultural, historical, and industrial features of the Mississippi River.
Missouri	WS	S.Dak., Neb.	1978	48,457 (19,618)	Two free-flowing portions of Missouri River with islands, bars, and chutes; native floodplain forest.
New River Gorge	RI	W Va.	1978	72,186 (29,225)	Rugged whitewater river flows through deep canyons.
Niobrara	WS	N Nebr.	1991	29,101 (11,782)	Ecological crossroads between eastern woodlands and western grasslands.
Obed	WS	E Tenn.	1976	5,490 (2,223)	Numerous streams and rugged scenery.
Ozark	WS	SE Mo.	1964	80,785 (32,706)	Scenic parts of the Current and Jacks Fork rivers; the first national scenic river.
Rio Grande	WS	S Tex.	1978	13,123 (5,313)	U.S. shore of the Rio Grande in the Chihuahuan Desert.
Saint Croix	WS	Minn., Wis.	1968	67,467 (27,315)	200 mi (322 km) of the St. Croix River and its Namekagon tributary; trails, camping, boating.
Upper Delaware	WS	Pa., N.Y.	1978	75,000 (30,364)	Fishing and boating.

National Lakeshores and Seashores

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Apostle Islands	LS	NW Wis.	1970	69,377 (28,078)	Apostle Islands and a strip of the Bayfield Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Superior.
Assateague Island	SS	Md., Va.	1965	41,347 (16,740)	37-mi (60-km) barrier island; beaches; wildlife refuge including wild ponies.
Canaveral	SS	E Fla.	1975	57,662 (23,345)	Barrier island dunes and marshland that includes a wildlife refuge.
Cape Cod	SS	SE Mass.	1961	43,608 (17,655)	See Cape Cod.
Cape Hatteras	SS	E N.C.	1937	30,351 (12,288)	The first national seashore. See under Hatteras, Cape.
Cape Lookout	SS	E N.C.	1966	28,243 (11,434)	Three barrier islands with beaches, sand dunes, and salt marshes; Cape Lookout Lighthouse.
Cumberland Island	SS	SE Ga.	1972	36,347 (14,715)	Largest island off Georgia; beaches, sand dunes, marshes, and lakes.
Fire Island	SS	SE N.Y.	1964	19,581 (7,928)	Covers section of Fire Island.
Gulf Islands	SS	Fla., Miss.	1971	138,306 (55,994)	Historic forts and white sand beaches near Pensacola, Fla.; Fort Massachusetts and primitive offshore islands in S Miss.
Padre Island	SS	S Tex.	1962	130,434 (52,807)	See Padre Island, Tex.
Pictured Rocks	LS	N Mich.	1966	73,236 (29,650)	Sandstone cliffs, marshes, dunes, and waterfalls along Lake Superior; the first national lakeshore.
Point Reyes	SS	W Calif.	1962	71,053 (28,766)	Coastal area with beaches and steep bluffs.
Sleeping Bear Dunes	LS	W central Mich.	1970	71,251 (28,847)	Section of the Lake Michigan shoreline and the North and South Manitoulin islands; beaches, sand dunes, forests.

Other Areas

Name	Type1	Location	Year authorized	Size acres (hectares)	Description
Appalachian	ST	Maine, N.H., Vt., Mass., Conn., N.Y., N.J., Pa., Md., W.Va., Va., Tenn., N.C., Ga.	1968	239,605 (97,006)	See Appalachian Trail.
Blue Ridge	PW	Va., N.C.	1936	98,911 (40,045)	Scenic route in the Blue Ridge Mts. between Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mts. national parks; many roadside parks, lookouts, and trails; the first national parkway.
California	HT	Missouri River to Calif. and Oreg.	1992	…	Former migration route extending 5,600 mi (9,010 km) from the Missouri River to California and Oregon.
Catoctin Mountain Park	PO	NW Md.	1936	5,891 (2,385)	Campgrounds, trails, and scenic drive located in the Catoctin Mts.; Camp David, the presidential retreat, is there.
Constitution Gardens	PO	Washington, D.C.	1978	52 (21)	Memorial to the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
Continental Divide	ST	Mont., Idaho, Wyo., Colo., N.Mex.	1978	…	Runs the length of much of the Rocky Mountains; 3,100 mi (4,988 km) long.
Florida	ST	S Fla.	1983	…	Subtropical plant and animal life along 1,300-mi (2,092-km) trail.
Fort Washington Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1930	341 (138)	19th-century fort.
George Washington Memorial Parkway	PW	Va., D.C., Md.	1930	7,037 (2,849)	Parkway connecting landmarks associated with the life of George Washington along both sides of the Potomac River from Mt. Vernon to Great Falls.
Greenbelt Park	PO	W central Md.	1950	1,175 (476)	Woodland park.
Ice Age	ST	S Wis.	1980	…	1,200-mi (1,900-km) trail follows glacial moraines.
Iditarod	HT	Alaska	1978	…	Former Alaska Gold Rush trail extending 2,350 mi (3,781 km) from Seward to Nome.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr.	PW	NW Wyo.	1972	23,777 (9,626)	Scenic corridor between Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks commemorating Rockefeller's role in the creation of many national parks.
Juan Bautista de Anza	HT	W Calif.	1990	…	1,200-mi (1,931-km) trail traces the path of Spanish colonists.
Lewis and Clark	HT	Mo., Neb., S.Dak., N.Dak., Mont., Idaho, Oreg.	1978	…	4,900-mi (7,890-km) trail commemorates the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Mormon Pioneer	HT	Ill., Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah	1978	…	Historic trail follows the 1,300-mi (2,090-km) route taken by Brigham Young and his followers in 1847–48.
President's Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1943	82 (33)	Includes the White House, Lafayette Square, the Ellipse, and the White House Visitor Center.
Natchez Trace	ST	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1983	10,995 (4,451)	Sections of the original Natchez Trace.
Natchez Trace	PW	Miss., Ala., Tenn.	1938	52,302 (21,175)	Parkway following the general location of the old trail known as the Natchez Trace.
National Mall	PO	Washington, D.C.	1933	156 (63)	Landscaped park, part of the L'Enfant Plan for Washington, D.C.
Nez Percé	HT	Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyo.	1986	…	1,170-mi (1,883-km) trail commemorates the retreat of the Nez Percé under Chief Joseph in 1877.
North Country	ST	N.Y. to N.Dak.	1980	…	Extends some 4,500 mi (7,250 km), connecting seven northern tier states.
Oregon	HT	Mo. to Oreg.	1978	…	Traces the c.2,000-mi (3,200-km) route of pioneers in 1841–60.
Overmountain Victory	HT	Tenn., Va., N.C., S.C.	1980	…	Follows the 330-mi (530-km) path of revolutionary Patriots.
Pacific Crest	ST	Calif., Oreg., Wash.	1968	…	Follows the Sierra and Cascade peaks 2,650 mi (4,265 km) from Mexico to Canada; one of the first two components of the National Trails System.
Piscataway Park	PO	S Md.	1961	4,616 (1,869)	Preserves the view from Mt. Vernon of the opposite shore of the Potomac River.
Pony Express	HT	Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah, Nev., Calif.	1992	…	Follows the 1,966-mi (3,163-km) route of the pony express riders in 1860–61.
Potomac Heritage	ST	Va., D.C., Md., Pa.	1983	…	704-mi (1,133-km) trail connects the tidewater regions to the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania.
Prince William Forest Park	PO	NE Va.	1936	16,081 (6,511)	Pine and hardwood forests of the Quantico Creek watershed.
Rock Creek Park	PO	Washington, D.C.	1890	1,755 (711)	Wooded preserve, one of the largest urban parks in the nation.
Santa Fe	HT	Mo., Kans., Okla., Col., N.Mex.	1987	…	Traces the 1,203-mi (1,936-km) route of famous Santa Fe Trail.
Theodore Roosevelt Island	PO	Washington, D.C., Va.	1932	89 (36)	Wilderness preserve in the Potomac River; a tribute to the “conservationist president.”
Trail of Tears	HT	N.C., Tenn., Ga., Ala., Ark., Okla.	1987	…	2,200-mi (3,540-km) trail commemorates the routes of forced migration of more than 15,000 Cherokee from their ancestral homes.
Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts	PO	N Va.	1966	130 (53)	Set in a rolling, wooded landscaped area to provide artistic enjoyment and recreation; first national park for the performing arts.

1 –

BF	Battlefield
BP	Battlefield Park
BS	Battlefield Site
HP	Historical Park
HS	Historic Site
HT	Historic Trail
IS	International Historic Site
LS	Lakeshore
MM	Memorial
MO	Monument
MP	Military Park
MR	Monument and Preserve
NR	Reserve
NP	Park
PA	Preserve and Addition
PE	Park and Expansion
PO	Park, other
PP	Park and Preserve
PS	Preserve
PW	Parkway
RA	Recreation Area
RI	River
RR	River and Recreation Area
SS	Seashore
ST	Scenic Trail
WS	Wild, Scenic, or Recreational River or Riverway

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Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site

Parks Directory of the United States / US National Parks / National Historic Sites

Address:PO Box 280
Danville, CA 94526
Phone:925-838-0249
Fax:925-838-9471
Web: www.nps.gov/euon/
Size: 13 acres.
Established: Authorized on October 12, 1976.
Location:Near Danville, California. From San Francisco/Oakland area take I-80 to CA 24, then south on I-680 to Danville; from San Jose take I-680 north to Danville.
Facilities:Visitor center.
Activities:Guided and self-guided tours. Plays are presented in the old barn twice a year by the Eugene O'Neill Foundation in the spring and fall.
Special Features:Tao House was built for Eugene O'Neill, who lived here from 1937 to 1944. Several of his best known plays, including The Iceman Cometh, Long Day's Journey Into Night, and A Moon for the Misbegotten were written here. The site is preserved as a memorial to the playwright.

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See other parks in California.

Parks Directory of the United States, 5th Edition. © 2007 by Omnigraphics, Inc.